Allama Iqbal was a great poet and philosopher born in 1877 in Sialkot who is considered the ideological father of Pakistan. He attained degrees from the Scottish Mission School and the University of Munich, as well as obtaining his law degree. Some of his most famous works that earned him great success and acclaim include Shikwa, Jawab-e-Shikwa, Armaghan-e-Hijaz, and Bal-e-Jibrael. Through his poetry, he advocated for the separation of Muslim and Hindu communities and the idea of an independent Muslim state, now Pakistan. Allama Iqbal passed away in 1938.