The progress report summarizes the following: - Overall project progress and results from studies on radioactivity in the environment, single use ion exchange treatment, and a pipe loop study. - A recommendation to locate the groundwater treatment facility at the San Angelo Water Treatment Plant based on factors like capital and operating costs. - Preliminary results indicating other treatment options like nanofiltration and reverse osmosis may be more cost effective and provide improved water quality. - Next steps outlined for further pilot testing of reverse osmosis membrane technology.

1. Progress ReportSan Angelo City CouncilAugust 2, 2011

2. AgendaOverall project progressRadioactivity in the environmentSingle use Ion Exchange treatment updatePipe loop studyGround water treatment facility site locationOther treatment optionsQuestions

4. Overall Project Progress

6. Radioactivity in the environment

7. Radioactivity Is Ubiquitous in the Environment

8. Radioactivity Is Ubiquitous in the Environment

9. Safety ConsiderationsNo requirements for personnel badges, air monitors, or shieldingStandard OSHA requirements will be sufficientGloves and bootsWash handsStandard safety equipmentSupervisors and personnel should be trained to use radiation monitoring equipment, conduct radiation surveys, and collect soil samplesNot RequiredOSHA-RequiredRecommended

10. 150’ = 15 Story BuildingHickory water can pass through soil without approaching regulatory limitSoilEnvironmental Impact of Pipe Break

11. Impact on Policies and ProceduresSoil, water, pipe scale samplesCollect water, soil, and scale samples at site of pipe breakRadiation survey instruments on maintenance trucks and in labDevelop standard documentation guide for pipe break eventsCareful documentation of surveys, samples, and personnelPhase 1 Environmental Assessment (all appropriate inquiry) [munitions dump; oil and gas production facilities; landfill]Guidefor Documenting Pipe BreaksRadiation survey instrumentsDocuments, forms, etc.

12. Case StudyCentral TX GraniteDistribution pipeGlazed salt shakerVaseline glass

13. SINGLE USE ION EXCHANGE UPDATE

14. Simplified Pilot Testing Process Flow Diagram

15. Results SummarySingle use ion exchange is effective in removing radium, however, breakthrough occurred more frequently than what was originally estimated using desktop models.Two of the three media proved to be effective

16. Single-Use Media Capital CostCost in $ Millions

17. Single-Use Media O&M CostCost in $ Millions

18. Pipe loop study

19. Pipe Loop StudyPurpose: Evaluate pipe scale and radionuclide deposition using various pipe materials, pipe velocities, and phosphate concentrations.

20. Preliminary Results & Observations of Pipe Loop Study

21. GWTF Site location

22. Groundwater Treatment Facility LocationTwo locations are considered for the groundwater treatment facility (GWTF)Hickory well siteCOSA Water Treatment Plant Several factors should be considered when evaluating the locations of the GWTFDecision should be based on what is best for COSA

23. Factors Affecting Treatment Location

24. Results of Groundwater Treatment Facility (GWTF) Location EvaluationBased on the following factors: Capital CostO&M CostOperational efficiencyTreatment optionsWe recommend that the GWTF be located at the San Angelo Water Treatment Plant

25. Other treatment options

26. Single-Use Media NPV Cost ComparisonCost in $ Millions

27. Why look at other treatment options?NPV analysis of pilot test results indicated that additional treatment options may be viable Results indicated that Nanofiltration or Reverse Osmosis (NF/RO) could become a more competitive optionNF/RO offer alternate disposal options thus reducing O&M costs.NF/RO will improve overall City water quality

28. RO at COSA WTP (90% Recovery)

29. NPV of Treatment Technologies at COSACost in $ Millions

30. NF/RO Treatment UpdateConducted preliminary desktop membrane models based on revised dataNanofiltrationLow energy Reverse Osmosis (RO)Brackish RO Low-energy RO may provide good rejection and recovery while minimizing energy needsNext steps: Membrane (RO) pilot plant investigation

31. RO Membrane Schedule

32. Single-Use Media Schedule

33. Questions & AnswersSan Angelo City CouncilAugust 2, 2011