Citi, a leading global bank, operates in over 160 countries and has approximately 200 million customer accounts. It provides various financial products and services to consumers, corporations, and institutions. Citi's businesses include consumer banking, institutional banking, and wealth management. The bond market involves buying and selling debt securities like government and corporate bonds. International bonds are issued in foreign currencies and can be classified as domestic, euro, or foreign bonds. They provide opportunities for international fundraising and portfolio diversification but also carry risks like interest rate, default, inflation, and currency fluctuation risks.
This presentation provides readers with an introduction to bonds and their many characteristics. Topics discussed such as types of bonds, bond trading, valuing bonds and much more are highlighted in this presentation and can be further discussed on our site www.finpipe.com.
Title: "Euro Currency Market"
Prepared by: Tehseen Khan
1: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET
. The foreign exchange market is a global decentralized market for the trading of currencies
. The main participants in this market are the larger international banks
.The foreign exchange market works through financial institutions, and it operates on several levels
2: EUROCURRENCY MARKET
A Eurocurrency market is a currency market that runs banking services by using foreign currencies set outside of the national market.
3: EUROBOND
A Eurobond is an international bond that is denominated in a currency not native to the country where it is issued.
This presentation provides readers with an introduction to bonds and their many characteristics. Topics discussed such as types of bonds, bond trading, valuing bonds and much more are highlighted in this presentation and can be further discussed on our site www.finpipe.com.
Title: "Euro Currency Market"
Prepared by: Tehseen Khan
1: INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKET
. The foreign exchange market is a global decentralized market for the trading of currencies
. The main participants in this market are the larger international banks
.The foreign exchange market works through financial institutions, and it operates on several levels
2: EUROCURRENCY MARKET
A Eurocurrency market is a currency market that runs banking services by using foreign currencies set outside of the national market.
3: EUROBOND
A Eurobond is an international bond that is denominated in a currency not native to the country where it is issued.
Chapter 3 How Securities are traded? Bodie, Kane et all with Nepali contextSINGHZEE
This presentation is basically the CHAPTER 3 presentation from the Book "Investments" by Bodie, Kane, Marcus and Mohanty with relevant information from Nepali Market
PLEASE HIT LIKE IF IT'S HELPFUL! :D
All related information about International bond markets for example segments of international bonds, types of international bonds, sovereign bond, eurobond, foreign bond, global bond wtih examples and so on.
Chapter 3 How Securities are traded? Bodie, Kane et all with Nepali contextSINGHZEE
This presentation is basically the CHAPTER 3 presentation from the Book "Investments" by Bodie, Kane, Marcus and Mohanty with relevant information from Nepali Market
PLEASE HIT LIKE IF IT'S HELPFUL! :D
All related information about International bond markets for example segments of international bonds, types of international bonds, sovereign bond, eurobond, foreign bond, global bond wtih examples and so on.
Bonds are one of the three main generic asset classes.
Bonds are a long-term liability with a specified amount of interest and specified maturity date. Bonds are used by companies, municipalities, states and sovereign governments to raise money and finance a variety of projects and activities.
Bonds are a type of investment that is often overlooked by the average investor. However, they can be an essential part of a well-diversified portfolio. In this article, we will take a closer look at what bonds are, how they work, and why you should consider investing in them.
While some people might have the perception that municipal bonds are for investors who are in or near retirement, many investors who are still in their “working years” are now considering municipal bonds as an appropriate wealth preservation tool.
Bonds tend to have less risk than stocks, but at the cost of less return. However, a proper use of certain kinds of bonds may temper the risk of your overall portfolio using diversification.
Blog post scheduled for 9 Sep 2015
http://wp.me/p2Oizj-CR
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
2. Citi, the leading global bank, has approximately 200
million customer accounts and does business in
more than 160 countries and jurisdictions. Citi
provides consumers, corporations, governments and
institutions with a broad range of financial products
and services, including consumer banking and
credit, corporate and investment banking, securities
brokerage,
transaction
services,
and
wealth
management.
6.
Securities & Banking
Citi Markets
Corporate & Investment Banking
Citi Private Bank
Citi Treasury & Trade solution
Citi Securities and Fund services
7. WHAT IS BOND MARKET ?
The bond market is a financial market where participants buy
and sell debt securities , usually in the form of bonds.
The bond market primarily includes:I) Government-issued securities.
II) Corporate debt securities.
8. A bond issued in a country or currency other than that of the
investor or broker. They include Eurobonds, which are issued in
a foreign currency, foreign bonds, which are issued by a foreign
government or corporation in the domestic market, and global
bonds, which are issued in both domestic and international
markets.
INTERNATIONAL BOND IS FURTHER CLASSIFIED IN
THREE TYPES
Domestic Bond
Euro Bond
Foreign Bond
9.
It is a debt market
It is a fund raising market
Fixed income instrument
Issued in foreign currency
It channelizing savings
10.
Step 1:-A borrower will contact an investment
banker.
Step 2:- The lead manager will invite other banks.
Step 3:-The managing group and banks will serve as
underwriters for the
underwriter issues.
Step 4:-The various members of the underwriting
syndicate receive a
portion of the spread.
Step 5:-The lead manager receives the full spread.
13. Diversify your portfolio
International fund raising instrument
Outperformed by Mutual Funds
Fees
Fixed income market
Risk
Investment avenue(short term as well
as long term)
Limited Selection
15.
U.S. Treasuries are considered among the safest investments
because they are backed by the "full faith and credit" of the
U.S. government. While the regular interest payments from
Treasuries are considered quite secure, the value of these
bonds can fall sharply when interest rates rise. The bonds also
carry inflation risk. We could lose money in inflation-adjusted
terms if, say, consumer-price increases outpace the interest
rate on your bonds.
Comes in Three Versions :
Treasury bills
Treasury notes
Treasury bonds
16.
Treasury bills
which mature in 90 days to one year
Treasury notes
which mature in two to ten years
Treasury bonds
which have maturities of up to 30 years
17.
Corporate securities can offer higher yields, but they are
also among the riskiest bonds, because they are backed
only by a company's promise to pay. Interest on
corporate bonds is fully taxable.
Corporate bonds are generally categorized into two
broad groups
1.Investment grade
2.High-yield
18. Investment-grade bonds
Investment-grade bonds have ratings of Baa and above from
Moody's Investors Service and BBB and above from Standard &
Poor's.
High-yield bonds
High-yield bonds are considered to have a greater risk of default
than their investment-grade counterparts. Indeed, they are often
called "junk bonds."
19. Municipal bonds, or "munis," generally have lower yields than other bonds.
But they are still a popular investment, especially with high-income
earners.
Munis pay interest that is potentially exempt from federal, state and local income
taxes.
Munis are exempt from state taxes if you own securities issued from within your
state of residence.
Local tax exemption applies if you hold securities issued from within your city of
residence
That municipal-bond interest can be subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax
classified into two groups General obligation
Revenue bonds
20. General obligation
General obligation bonds are backed by the taxing authority of the
state or municipality
Revenue bonds
Revenue bonds are issued by an agency, commission or authority
21.
Mortgage securities are backed
by an underlying bundle of
mortages
carry a number of risks
homeowners generally refinance
when interest rates are low,
investors will have to reinvest at
those lower rates. This is known
as prepayment risk
Investors also face other risks,
notably the risk that some
homeowners may default on their
mortgage payments. This can
translate into a loss of money for
mortgage-bond holders.
22.
International bonds, including emergingmarket debt, are issued by non-U.S.
governments and corporations
International bonds carry many of the same
risks as U.S. bonds, including interest rate
risk, inflation risk and default risk
Investors have to contend with another
important risk: currency risk
International bonds can also be buffeted by
political, economic and social turmoil in the
issuing country