This document outlines an agenda for a workshop on conducting literature reviews. It discusses the concept of a literature review, developing a research plan through identifying topics, keywords and potential sources. It provides tips for searching library catalogues and databases effectively and determining the credibility and relevance of sources. The document emphasizes that literature reviews summarize and synthesize existing scholarship rather than argue original points, and helps identify gaps for further research. Contact information is provided for librarians who can offer research assistance.
A literature review is a search and evaluation of the available literature in your given subject or chosen topic area. It documents the state of the art with respect to the subject or topic you are writing about. It surveys the literature in your chosen area of study.
Are you putting together a literature review or a works cited for your scholarly work? Are you unclear about how to cite your sources? Check out this presentation to learn about the many different style manuals, what they are used for, and why they are so important for avoiding plagiarism!
A literature review is a search and evaluation of the available literature in your given subject or chosen topic area. It documents the state of the art with respect to the subject or topic you are writing about. It surveys the literature in your chosen area of study.
Are you putting together a literature review or a works cited for your scholarly work? Are you unclear about how to cite your sources? Check out this presentation to learn about the many different style manuals, what they are used for, and why they are so important for avoiding plagiarism!
Research is the systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles, or theories, resulting in prediction and possible control of events .
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R Academic Services • .docxAASTHA76
T H E W R I T I N G C E N T E R
Academic Services • Phone: 962-7710
www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/
How to Write a Literature Review
What This Handout is About…
This handout will explain what a Literature Review is and offer insights into the form and
construction of a Literature Review in the Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences.
Introduction
OK. You’ve got to write a literature review. You dust off your world literature
anthology book, settle down in your Ebert and Roper at the Movies theatre chair with
your popcorn and soda in hand, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs down”
as you leaf through the pages. “Literature Review” done. Right?
Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a
topic, not necessarily the Great Literary Texts of the World. “Literature” could be
anything from a set of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to
scholarly articles on the treatment of a torn ACL. And a review does not necessarily
mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources.
What is a literature review, then?
A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and
sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period.
A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually has an
organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap
of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a
reshuffling, of that information. It might give a new interpretation of old material or
combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the
field, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may
evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant.
But how is a literature review different from an academic research
paper?
While the main focus of an academic research paper is to support your own argument, the
focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of
others. The academic research paper also covers a range of sources, but it is usually a
select number of sources, because the emphasis is on the argument. Likewise, a literature
review can also have an “argument,” but it is not as important as covering a number of
sources. In short, an academic research paper and a literature review contain some of the
same elements. In fact, many academic research papers will contain a literature review
section. But it is the aspect of the study (the argument or the sources) that is emphasized
that determines what type of document it is.
Why do we write literature reviews?
Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have
limited time to conduct res.
Powerpoint presentation for RHET 1302 class covering basic library concepts of the catalog, databases, writing resources, and carefully evaluating information sources.
Are you gearing up to do specialized research for a grant proposal or your own scholarly work? Learn what a literature review is and how to develop one using University Libraries.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
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CIE1001 Conducting a Literature Search
1. Conducting a Literature ReviewCIE 1001 Presented by Monique Flaccavento OISE Library March 3, 2010
2. Agenda Part I Concept of a literature review Developing a research plan (steps in the research process)
3. Agenda Part II tips and tricks for searching the UTL catalogue more effectively locating a variety of materials (books, journals, theses, government documents, etc.)
6. Agenda Part III database selection & research guides finding e-resources: journal articles, theses and dissertations, conference papers cited reference searching (Web of Knowledge; Scopus)
7. Agenda how to determine whether a periodical is peer-reviewed time for personal research / questions
8. Objective To develop the skills you will need to conduct more thorough, systematic literature searches
9. What is a literature review? “an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers” Dena Taylor, Health Sciences Writing Centre, University of Toronto http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/literature-review
10. What is a literature review? “A review is a required part of grant and research proposals and often a chapter in theses and dissertations.” The Writing Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReviewofLiterature.html
11. What is a literature review? “[It] may be a self-contained unit -- an end in itself -- or a preface to and rationale for engaging in primary research.” The Writing Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReviewofLiterature.html
12. What is a literature review? “a piece of discursive prose, not a list describing or summarizing one piece of literature after another” Dena Taylor, Health Sciences Writing Centre, University of Toronto http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/specific-types-of-writing/literature-review
13. What is its purpose? “Generally, the purpose of a review is to analyze critically a segment of a published body of knowledge through summary, classification, and comparison of prior research studies, reviews of literature, and theoretical articles.” The Writing Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/ReviewofLiterature.html
14. What is its purpose? The literature review helps a researcher identify gaps in a body of knowledge worthy of further research.
15. How does it differ from an essay? “the main focus of an academic research paper is to support your own argument” The Writing Centre University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/literature_review.html
16. What is its purpose? The literature review: “summarizes and evaluates existing knowledge on a particular topic. Its purpose is to produce a position on the state of that knowledge; this is the thesis” Machi, Lawrence A. & Brenda T. McEvoy. (2009). The Literature review: Six steps to success. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin, p. 2
17. How does it differ from an essay? “the focus of a literature review is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others.” The Writing Centre University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/literature_review.html
18. The Research Process 1. Identify your topic. Formulate a clear research question. 2. Identify keywords and descriptors or subject headings. 3. Make a list of the catalogues, databases / indexes, and websites you plan to search.
21. The Research Process 4. Search: library catalogues (for books, encyclopaedias, reports, journals, theses, etc.) article databases available through UTL (such as ERIC, PsycInfo, PAIS International, Source OECD); Data Library site
22. The Research Process Theses (catalogue, T-Space, Dissertations and Theses: Full-Text, AMICUS (LAC)) CIDEC R&D Database (http://cide.oise.utoronto.ca/database.php) Google Scholar Websites – Government, United Nations organizations, etc.
23. The Research Process 5. Refine, focus, or expand your topic as well as your keywords and descriptors 6. Scan the literature and critically appraise sources to determine which are the most relevant to your research. 7. Revise / refine your topic
24. Ask Questions Who is the author? Is he / she a respected and / or well-cited scholar in the field? Use a citation index such as Scopus, Web of Knowledge, or even Google Scholar to help you determine which articles are seminal works in your field.
25. Ask Questions Is the author of the website a reputable organization / individual? How current is the information? When was it last updated? Are the research methods employed sound? Is there bias in the article?
26. Ask Questions Has the article / study been published in a scholarly / academic / peer-reviewed journal? Has the book been published by a reputable publisher?
27. Tips Check your course outline for a list of well-respected CIDE journals Search Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory to determine if a journal is scholarly (“refereed”) Some databases allow you to limit your searches to peer-reviewed / scholarly articles
28. Try not to exclude articles which are contrary to your point of view.
29. Literature searches are often interdisciplinary, and should not be limited to current research on a topic.
32. Catalogue Searches Statistics women Harare “Economics of Education Review” (Title) “Economic of Education Review” (Title) women thesis
33. Catalogue Searches muslim and (youth or adolescent* or teen*) and canad* English aboriginals Canada immigration
34. Article Finder “Comparative and International Education: A Journey toward Equality and Equity” Stromquist, Nelly P. Harvard Eduational Review 2005, Vol. 75, Issue 1, pp. 89 --
35. Another excellent resource is: Machi, Lawrence A. & Brenda T. McEvoy. (2009). The Literature review: Six steps to success. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin. (call number 001.4 M149L). 1 copy of this book is available on short term loan at the OISE Library (Available at the Circulation Desk).
36. We’re here to help! In person: at the Reference Desk By phone: 416-978-1860 By email: askeloise@oise.utoronto.ca Via live chat: askON Or, book an in-depth reference consultation…
37. Or, book an in-depth consultation… Monique Flaccavento 416-978-1867 monique.flaccavento@utoronto.ca