The document discusses responsibilities for airport security between airport operators and the TSA, as well as various roles and areas within commercial airport security. It explains that before 9/11, airport operators were responsible for all security except passenger screening, but now TSA plays a larger role and boundaries have blurred. It describes the Federal Security Director (FSD) as clarifying security regulations and approving Airport Security Programs. It also outlines various secured areas within airports like the Security Identification Display Area (SIDA) and roles like the Airport Security Coordinator (ASC) and Designated Ramp Observer (DRO).

2. SECURING COMMERCIAL AIRPORTS
Responsibility between airport operator & TSA
Before 9/11 every aspect of airport security was responsibility of airport operator
except passenger screening
*FAA oversaw both airport and airlines compliance with aviation security
regulations.... Since 9/11 boundaries are blurred
TSA migrating to other managing apsects:
behavior detection
bomb assessment officers civilian K-9 officers
Deployable law enforcement personnel
Visible intermodal protection and response teams
Travel document checks
*now deploying millimeter wave imaging technologies throughout public
areas of terminal
TSA now regulates some GA airports.

3. CHALLENGE OF COMMERCIAL AIRPORT
SECURITY IN THE USA
Airport security focuses on protecting the airfield and aircraft through
controlling access of the general public and aviation employees, while
still allowing those passengers and employees to efficiently move
through the facility.
TSA, Customs & Border Protection, domestic and foreign air carriers
control many areas of an airport – complicating airport operations
TSA can change authority oversight for a particular area of an airport
depending on the time of day or staffing requirements:
2006 – TSA determined screening checkpoint exit lanes were
responsibility of airport operator, sometimes.
*TSA accused of fixing budget and staffing challenges under
guise of security

4. AIRPORT SECURITY IS A TEAM EFFORT
TSA provides regulatory oversight over airport security practices
Airport operator must develop and implement prescribed security practices
Who is the FSD? (Federal Security Director)
What does the FSD do?

5. FEDERAL SECURITY DIRECTOR
FSD clarifies the application of transportation security regulations and
provides guidance on complying with the policies set forth by the TSA
FSD provides guidance on systems, methods, and procedures by which
airport and aircaft operators may comply with regulations and security
directives
FSD approves the Airport Security Program.

6. AIRPORT SECURITY COORDINATOR - ASC
ASC is one of the most important people within the airport security system
ASC drafts and enforces provisions of the airport security program
ASC implements policies set forth by security directives
ASC oversees credentialing and access control
ASC is primary liaison between the federal security director and other
outside agencies with aviation security responsibilities
ASC must be available 24 hours a day (most airports have an alternate
ASC)
ASC may have other airport management duties
ASC must have comprehensive understanding of the security regulations
and policy requirements of TSA to carry out key responsibilities
ASC must know regulations: Title 49 CFR Parts: 1540, 1542, 1544, 1546

7. TSA does not approve individual airport security coordinator training
programs – ASC training program must cover required curriculum
elements – best practice is formal industry training or certification
courses such as offered by AAAE
ASC required for retraining if 2-year break

8. DESIGNATED RAMP OBSERVER - DRO
Airports with limited commercial service are approved to have an alternate
means of compliance with security program requirements.
Designated Ramp Observer program is most common at remote airports in
Alaska.
DRO is assigned to oversee the security of the commercial service
operation for the duration of the operation
*Before arrival of commercial service aircaft, DRO inspects the
operation area for unauthorized individuals or contraband.
*DRO visually observes the entire commercial service operation
including:
*Arrival of the aircraft
*Debarkation and boarding
*Screening
*Departure
The DRO cannot have other duties during a commercial flight
operation.

9. ENFORCING THE AIRPORT SECURITY PROGRAM
- ASP
TSA’s enforcement authority comes from Title 49, CFR Part 1540
*Airport Operator is also required to enforce the ASP
ASC is directed to immediately initiate corrective action for any instance of
noncompliance with this part, it’s security program, and applicable
Security Directives
The punitive measures are required to be outlined in the Airport Security
Program
Some airport’s rules and regulations have been converted to local
ordinance, making them enforceable under local laws.

10. COMMON VIOLATIONS OF AIRPORT SECURITY
PROGRAMS
*leaving SIDA access door open and unattended
*allowing other authorized employees onto SIDA by ‘piggy-backing’
*failing to wear access/ID in the SIDA
*failing to challenge an un-badged individual in the SIDA
*loaning one’s airport access media,
*intentionally breaching security by blocking a door open, jumping over
airport perimeter fence
*allowing unauthorized individuals into the security areas
*interfering with or assaulting security personnel
*falsifying or altering airport access media

11. COMMERCIAL SERVICE AIRPORT AREAS
1. Airside:
1. Secured areas, air operations areas, and security identification display areas (SIDA).
1. Secured area represents highest level of security protection
2. Air Operations Areas (AOA) represent the lowest level of protection
1. Traveling public is normally not allowed access to airside near the commercial service aircraft
except where public walks outside to the aircraft.
2. Terminal:
1. Public, non-public, and sterile areas
1. Public areas: ticket counters;
2. Non-public areas: vendor storage areas, tenant administrative offices;
3. Sterile area is divided from the public areas with a security –screening checkpoint and may extend
beyon the screening checkpoint into the concourse
3. Landside:
1. Commercial and private vehicle areas
2. Operations include private and commercial passenger vehicle pickup and drop off areas, rail, and
subway access
3. Do not have specific security classification, but maintain highly important security considerations

12. STERILE AREAS
TSA describes a sterile area as a portion of an airport, specified in the
Airport Security Program that provides passengers access to boarding
aircraft and to which access generally is controlled by TSA or by an
aircraft operator under 49 CFR 1544 or a foreign air carrier under 49
CFR 1546.
ICAO recommends two types of secuirty areas in an airport: the Security
Identification Display Area (SIDA) and the Air Operations Area (AOA).

13. SECURITY IDENTIFICATION DISPLAY AREA -
SIDA
*Includes areas where identification is necessary but access control may
not
- air carrier administrative areas
- fuel farms
- cargo areas
*Security Training
*Requires Identification display and challenge for individuals without ID
displayed.
*Requires Criminal History Record Check (CRHC)
SIDA relates to ID display and CHRC only. Access controls are determined
by requirements of Air Operations Area or secured area location in
relation to the SIDA. It cannot be a secured area by itself.