Cholera Epidemic Of The United States

Cholera Epidemic Of The United States
Introduction Cholera is a bacterial infection that causes severe diarrhea and vomiting that can lead to
dehydration, shock, and death. We chose this topic because the highly publicized earthquake that
occurred in Haiti in 2010 played a large role in the cholera epidemic that arose 8 months after the
earthquake. Since the earthquake, there have been over 470,000 confirmed cases of cholera (Cholera
–Vibrio Cholerae Infection 2014). Cholera persists there because of the poor sanitary conditions and
the unprotected drinking water facilities that have been contaminated by the bacteria. Fixing the
issue of cholera in Haiti requires a three–part approach such as vaccinations, water filtration and
education. Using our needs assessment, in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The United States had a military occupation in Haiti for 19 years in which Haiti's infrastructure was
expanded upon, but due to popular uprising the United States President pulled the military troops
out of Haiti. Unfortunately, in 1994 the president of Haiti disbanded the Haitian army leaving Haiti
vulnerable to invaders (Krasnoff 2013). After US occupation, the Haitian government was in a state
of unrest with political oppression, violence, and several coups. The UN began bringing in
peacekeepers to help improve the political situation in 1994 and today the Republic of Haiti has its
own functioning government, with President Michel Martelly at the head (Krasnoff 2013). Since the
slave revolution that led to the country's independence over 200 years ago, Haiti has remained deep
in debt; it wasn't until 20 years ago that there was a fully functional government, which to this day
still has its fair share of corruption. With all this in mind, it's no wonder that Haiti has been hit hard
by many disasters, including the outbreak of cholera (Krasnoff, 2013). The country does not have
the money to help provide treatment for those infected, sanitation, and clean drinking water outside
of the main cities where many of its citizens live. The young government has not yet been able to
organize a system to help its
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Edna Pontellier’s Search for Independence in Chopin's The...
Edna's Search for Independence in The Awakening
"How do you honor the deepest truth you know?" ––Ram Das In order to honor one's deepest truth,
one must first discover what that truth is and then apply that truth to everyday life. The life of Edna
Pontellier in The Awakening signifies the search, discovery, and application of an individual's
deepest truth. Edna, a wealthy New Orleans housewife, at first attempts to find the deepest truth
about herself by conforming to society's norms. She marries a well–respected man, Leonce, and
bears him children. However, Edna discovers that she wants more out of life; something about her
marriage is not allowing her to achieve fulfillment. Through her relationships, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
But they need not have thought that they could possess her, body and soul" (504). Although Edna
did perform her duties as a wife for some time, she is not the typical housewife. She does not
worship her husband or idolize her children, which makes both Edna and Leonce begin to sense that
Edna is different from the other mother–women (Lin 1). Edna never realized the reasons she
neglected her duties as a wife until she fell in love with Robert and acknowledged that her desires
and needs exist outside of her marriage. Thus, after her experiences with Robert, Edna is ready to
neglect her husband even more, because she now realizes that her husband is holding her back from
her needs. When Leonce tries to make Edna act like the other women that obey their husbands, his
attempts to control Edna further instigate Edna's desire for independence from him. For example,
the scene when Edna is lying in the hammock, Leonce says: "I can't permit you to stay out there all
night. You must come in the house instantly," Edna replies: "I mean to stay out here. I don't wish to
go in, and I don't intend to. Don't speak to me like that again; I shall not answer you" (492). Edna is
carefree and spirited, and she refuses to conform to her husband because she does not want to lose
herself. Becoming the perfect, obedient wife would mean losing her individuality, and Edna realizes
she can gain no fulfillment

Creolisation in the Caribbean
Question #5: Why is the Creolisation theory considered a more useful means of theorizing the
Caribbean? How has Douglarisation contributed to the identity debate?
Even though there is a separation created by geographic distances and different independent states, it
is still possible to talk in general terms of the Caribbean, and of Caribbean literature. The common
experience of colonialism, displacement, slavery, indenture, emancipation and nationalism has
shaped most West Indian environments, creating a unity of experience that can be identified as
particularly Caribbean. These general experiences, more importantly have been the breading ground
of a whole new society and culture, than can be defined most effectively by employing the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many Caribbean writers have addressed the issue of creolisation and the creation of a unique
Caribbean identity in their works. Many of them wrote in an attempt to capture the very meaning
and significance of a West Indian world, using novels of childhood as their medium.Lamming's In
the Castle of My Skin, Michael Anthony's The Year in San Fernando, McDonald's The Humming
Bird Tree, Merle Hodge's Crick Crack Monkey and Jean Rhy's Wide Sargasso Sea were all in part
attempts at capturing and savouring something of the essence of Caribbean life through the
developing consciousness of the child. Somehow the discovery and identification with this world
seemed better and more accurately revealed through the impressions of the growing child.
V.S. Naipaul and Samuel Selvon assessed the merits of the creolisation of the East Indian in A
House for Mr. Biswas and A Brighter Sun respectively. In both novels exploration centered on the
creolisation of the East Indian and on the nature and quality of his adjustment in the colonial society.
Indian characters moved from enclosed peasant worlds into a wider colonial world, and the
movement was in both novels an exploration and a growth in awareness and sensibility.
This creolisation or mixing of cultures is evident

Historical And Cultural Background Of The Guyanese...
According to the Guyanese Statistic Bureau British Guiana (Guyana) consists of a rich historical and
cultural background. It is a country which today is over 83,000 square miles in size with its capital
located on the Demerara River. 'British Guiana is located in northern South America, with
approximately 90% of its square miles undeveloped and the vast majority of its inhabitants living
along a ten–mile strip of the coast, this coastal area mainly inhabited by and containing the highest
population of Creole speakers'(Holbrook 2001) .
According to Holbrook, "The social situation in British Guiana is complex due to several factors,
these being the colonial history of the country, the importation of African Slaves, the political
history, and even government policies'. British Guiana's population made up of indigenous
American Indians, descendents of European colonizers, African Slaves, East Indians, Chinese and
Indonesian indentured servants. All of which have all resulted in several languages being spoken
within in this country; however the two which are most widely used are English and Guyanese
Creole English which is a Creole language spoken by over 700,000 people. According to research
done within the last five years, 'this country is characterized as having a multiracial population with
those of Indian decent representing 43% of the population, African decent over 30 %, Amerindians
decent over 9% , and people of 'mixed heritage' rounding up at over 16%' . However,

The United Republic Of Haiti
English is the most broadly spoken language worldwide. However, there are many non–English
speaking countries in the Americas and the Caribbean. Haiti is one of the non– English speaking
Caribbean countries. Their way of life of a group of people developed over time and passed down
from generation to generation. The Republic of Haiti is located in the Caribbean Sea, between Cuba
and Puerto– Rico. It is a tropical country with an average temperature of 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The
capital of Haiti is Port–au–Prince and its official languages are French and Creole. It would be
impossible to cover every aspect of Haitian culture in a short cultural paper. We have therefore,
chosen to take a values approach to discuss power, prestige, filial responsibility, modernization,
status and roles of older adults in that culture.
Power
Family power is significant to understand how families functions as a unit. It helps the family to
make important decisions about how to manage their lives, whether it financially, about where to
live, educational choices, or even about leisure time, and so on. In Haiti, women play a major role in
the culture. They referred to them as the "Central Pillar" They endure most of the burden of
childcare, making sure that the children are well fed and healthy, and keep the house cleaned. They
also work in the agriculture. They cultivated goods, carried them in their head, and walked miles to
sell at the supermarket to pay for their children's school

Mountains Beyond Mountains Summary
"Dokte Paul." the first part of the book titled Mountains Beyond Mountains, begins when author and
journalist Tracy Kidder first met Dr. Farmer in Haiti. Kidder describes Dr. Farmer as a "big–shot"
Boston doctor who has chosen to do humanitarian–type work in Haiti even though he could have an
easy career as a lecturer back in Boston. Kidder realizes that Dr. Farmer is the atypical doctor who
would rather get to know his patients as people and cares about their health holistically instead of
just treating the symptoms and moving on. The next year, Dr. Farmer invites Kidder back to Haiti
with him, and Kidder begins to observe Dr. Farmer at work. Kidder notices that Dr. Farmer's
patients and co–workers call him "Dokte Paul;" the word "dokte" is Haitian Creole for "doctor."
Kidder also observes the unsanitary conditions of life in the Cange region of Haiti. There, Dr.
Farmer established the charity called Zamni Lasante, which is Haitian Creole for "friend health."
This charity not only provides low–cost or free medical care, it also builds houses and schools. Dr.
Farmer often uses his own money to help keep the charity going, and lives very modestly despite
being a successful physician. Dr. Farmer begins educating journalist Kidder about the Haitian
people, the health issues they face, and some of their superstitions. He also explains the Haitian
proverb, 'mountains beyond mountains," which means that for every metaphorical mountain a
person climbs,

Pop Queen Rihann An Overview
With the ascent of "work" by Barbadian pop queen Rihanna was able to collect 14th song to take the
number one spot on Billboard's Top 100 list, breaking her tie with Michael Jackson for the third–
most number one singles (Thomas). Through countless successes as a solo female artist, she holds
8.5 billion views on YouTube and had sold over 215 million digital tracks worldwide (Roc Nation).
Before releasing the album title 'Anti" under the Westbury Road Entertainment (Owned by Rihanna)
and Roc Nation Record, the leading single "Work" was released on streaming service provided by
Tidal on January 27, 2016. According to Nielsen Music, "Work" had sold over 126,000 downloads
and the eighth studio "Anti" album generated 4.7 million streams (Caulfield, Gary). To a new
listener, Rihanna's "Work" full of slangs with offbeat and repeats the lyrics simultaneously
(Billboard). Some criticized that she spoke gibberish but Rihanna's "work" vocal quality is known to
be a unique with a distinctive tone. It's a chilled song that makes you want to be in tropical, soaked
with touches of the Caribbean flow. One of the remarkable facts is that the song Work is a dance
hall/ reggae pop genre originating from Jamaica. (Billboard) The lyrics were written by Jahron
Braithwaite (PartyNextDoor) a Jamaican native, Rihanna and Drake. It was also produced by a
Jamaican Canadian named known as Matthew Samuels (Boi–1da), Allen Ritter and Sevn Thomas.
Allowing her to be a widely_____. Inspired and sampled by

Essay
The opportunity to take part in economics internationally is a path to an abundance of personal and
national wealth, business drives the global economy and I want to be a part of that. The U.S. is the
leading capitalist nation, promoting business and trade widely. We see how various groups prosper
financially and how some struggle. In the land of the free and home of the brave we see African
Americans, Haitian Americans, Latinos and other minority groups struggle as a whole to overcome
income inequality in the U.S. I am a Haitian immigrant living America with a passionate interest for
business. I firmly believe that the Black community in America would benefit from a business
knowledge. The Haitian government does not provide many ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The branch of business that interest me the most is international business. Since I was child,
traveling has been on of my biggest motivations for success. Last summer I got amazing
opportunities to see more of the world. I participated in a month long study abroad program to
Guanajuato, Mexico and got to visit Europe for my eighteenth birthday. During my studies in
Mexico I had the opportunity to visit many family owned farms, and I got to learn the mechanics
and economic necessities from each of them. In this experience I was fortunate enough to hear the
difficulties the farmers and their families go through. All of them expressed their disappointment
and anger towards their government's lack of support. In particularly they talked to us about how
companies from overseas are starting to open up more stations around them. In return this causes
their products not to sell as much. After learning about this my interest in business expanded. If
these hardworking people have more access to education they would surely use their education to
further understand business, thus potentially compete with their competitors. International business
will allow me to continue my passion to travel while studying business. I strongly believe one
obtains knowledges from traveling that he or she are not presented with in school. With travel comes
experience and experience to me is the best form of teaching. One of my life goals is to work on one

The Importance Of Internship In Law
From an early age, I have always dreamt of being a lawyer. When I expressed my interest, people
would respond "that suits you, because you like to talk and argue." I would brush the comment off
and continue to ensure that I did everything I felt was necessary to accomplish my dream. The
common misconception that lawyers are argumentative in every aspect of life quickly dissolved
when I learned more about the profession. In high school in my criminal justice magnet program, I
was required to complete an internship at the state attorney's office. As a graduating senior,
completing these hours seemed impossible to complete, those hours could have been spent with
friends, hanging out at the beach, or picking up an extra shift at work so I could pay for all my final
senior activities. Nonetheless, I was able to get exposure to the law and the criminal justice process.
When it was time to decide where I would attend school, I choose Florida Agricultural University.
Both of my parents did not attend college. When they came from Haiti to the United States, they
found jobs and continued to work their even until this very day. At FAMU I was able to take classes
and graduate in three years, while completing various internships, which would continue my
exposure into law. The Florida House of Representatives, helped me interact with policy makers
from different areas across the state of Florida, and how they wanted to represent the needs of
constituents to the best of their ability. My

Haitian Culture: Impact on Nursing Care Essay
Haitian Culture: Impact on Nursing Care
The Republic of Haiti is in the western part of the island of Hispaniola in the West Indies. It is
densely populated and has the lowest per capita income in the western hemisphere (Kemp, 2001).
The population of more than seven million is made up of mostly descendents of African slaves
brought to the West Indies by French colonists. The horrible conditions in Haiti, such as crushing
poverty, unemployment and illiteracy, and high rates of acute and chronic illnesses and child and
infant mortality, result in the illegal immigration of many Haitians to the United States, France, and
other countries in Western Europe. Most immigrants are adults and teens who leave Haiti ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When amongst friends, however, they are very expressive and animated, use direct eye contact, and
frequently use touch to communicate. Most interactions are very close due to smaller personal space
requirements. For these reasons, touch by trusted caregivers is often appreciated.
Religion is very important in the life of a Haitian, especially during illness, death, or other crises.
The majority of Haitians (80%) are Catholic, but many of these also believe in Voodou (Kemp,
2001). Similar to Catholicism, Voodou revolves around belief in one central God, called Bon Dieu
or Bondye. Religion is often seen as a magical process, and Voodou beliefs include the existence of
a spirit world made up of saints, mysteres, or loas. These spirits are mostly the sould of family
members and are incorporated into the lives of Haitians. If neglected, malicious ancestors, and the
living dead or zombies may appear to the living to bring about illness, death, or other misfortune.
Rituals are practices to ensure the relationships with these spirits are protective, or at least not
damaging. Loas are thought to be controlled through the magic of Voodou practitioners such as
Diviners or Fortune Readers, Shaman, including Rriestess (mambo), and Priest (houngan), Leaf
Doctors or herbalists (docte fe), Bonesetters (docte zo), Midwives (matron or fam saj), and
Injectionists (pikirist). Practitioners

Annotated Bibliography Of Voodooism In Haiti
Annotated Bibliography
1. Magazine Article: Consantino, Donald. "VOODOO: It's Not What You Think." Faces 01 Sept.
2011: 28–31. Web. 24 Sept. 2016. This article focuses on Voodooism, which is a "religion" practiced
in Haiti since the beginning of its creation. In this article, the author claims that despite the
misconceptions that many have about the practice of voodoo, Haitians don't consider it as their
religion, but more something that they serve and use to meet their religious needs. While most of
them consider themselves Catholics, Haitians serve the lwa, which are African spirits that are
honored for their powerfulness. Practiced since the beginning of the Haitian Revolution in 1791,
Voodoo helped Haitian descendants survived slavery, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The article explains where the Haitian Creole language comes from and by which dialects was it
inspired. When African slaves were imported on the island they had no effective method to
communicate between them. People spoke different languages since the slaves were form different
part of West Africa, and so they had to create their own system of communication. The article also
gives the main languages that influence Haitian Creole and how it finally became a nationally
recognized language, in

Little Haiti Oppression Essay
Oppression
Little is a town is rooted and build on the back bone of Haitians. This city now known as little Haiti
was once known as the lemon city continues to face struggled that has placed them as an oppressed
society. Many of the residents are oppressed for many reasons ranging from factors such as
education, income, and physical power over their community. The Haitian and residents do not hold
their power of influence in their community.
In the recent development, there has physical effect of Gentrification in little Haiti. The goal of
gentrification to start development and renaming the area Magic City as a terrorist attraction simpler
to little Haiti neighboring community of Wynnewood. This need for development places the ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These many aspects of residence of little Haiti make them not only oppressed but extendable.
Most Haitian residents are immigrant with a limited educational background. With their transition to
America, they face many barriers such as language, education, and financial barriers. It has been
shown that most Haitian represent the Haitian community struggle with a low rate of educational
attainment. The educational level of an individual determines income and status of the lower class to
middle class. Metropolitan discusses that "only 10 percent of Miami Dade Haitian adults over 25
years old have a bachelor 's degree, and only 5 percent of Haitian adults living in the city of Miami
are college educated.
Many Haitian residences are overrepresented I low– wage jobs. Many Haitians fall under the
poverty line. Haitian are known to occupy occupations with low salaries. Metropolitan discuss "The
largest five occupational groups employing Miami–Dade Haitian are office support, building
maintenance, food preparation, sales, and transportation. These are among the lowest paying
occupations in the region". These low wages places the residence at a huge disadvantage; without
sufficient income, it becomes a struggle to pay for basic needs and shelter, as a present hardship for
and the chance of land owner ship. In contrast, Haitian resident is dependent on

What Is A Kite Day Essay
Have you ever wondered what it is like living in a new state, leaving all your childhood memories
behind? Well let me you tell first you miss everyone and everything at once, but as the days go by,
you will forget for a long period of time. My memories of Haiti are still strong. I remember the last
time I saw the beach and how beautiful it was. As I approached the beach in the afternoon I noticed
that some areas were full of sea stars and shells. I can still smell the fresh air of the ocean. I touched
the cool sand. The birds chirped their song for me to hear. I saw living things at the beach. I felt the
cool waters while looking at the bright stars shine on the big blue beautiful sea.
I still miss the many restaurants we had. Haitian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
August 29 is Kite Day in Haiti. This is the day where friends and family come together and build
their own kites. The most important thing about Kite Day is the bond that we all have. The second
celebration I enjoyed every year is May 18, because it's the day we celebrate our Flag. This
celebration represents the symbol of our general pride just like they do in every other State.
Like every other person I made a lot of bonds with friends and family, I remember all the laughter
that we had and the anger we shared. Every day we would always go looking for one another and
find something interesting to do. When we would go see my family, would always travel on land or
on water to reach one another. There is always something to do, one time siblings and I went to the
river and swam. When we got out we went to get some coconuts and right after that we played
marbles. Those were fun times.
One day my mother told me that we were going somewhere tomorrow morning. At 3:00 a.m. my
mother woke me and told me to get dressed. I was seven years old, so I didn't tell her anything, but
when we arrived at the airport, I was shocked when I saw the airplane so I asked my mother where
we were going, she said to "To America." At that time I thought we were going to go there and come
back, but unfortunately that was not the

How Do I Write My Own Autobiography?
The first question that popped to my head: "How am I going to write my own autobiography? Quite
a hard job that is! Where do I start?" Everyone has a story that is worthwhile to share. So for my
folio, I decided to write a memoir to pay tribute to my dear grandmother Josiane, who provided me
with pieces of a precious belonging, revealing her joyous secrets of life in the process. This purpose
of this outline will cover three sections: first, you will learn what I have planned to write about, and
why. Secondly, I will be a describing the techniques I have used in my Folio. And finally, learn
about the difficulties encountered and which methods help me continue the project.
I was born and spent the first 10 years of my life, in Paris. My parents, originally from the island of
Mauritius came to live in Paris in search of better opportunities. We lived on the outskirts of the city
and on the margins of French society and culture. The colour of our skin however, meant a far
different reality for us. This memoir explores my compelling experience of alienation as a little girl
(me) and my grandmother, contending with life between two identities. Even though Paris–born, I
was not accepted at school, not French enough for my fellow Parisians. And since my parents have
virtually silenced our Creole legacy hoping to become better assimilated, I had no base of traditional
knowledge to fall back on for strength and guidance. I was disconnected from Mauritius's cultural
milieu and I

“Historic Low Prestige and Seeds of Change: Attitudes...
Reading an Academic Source: "Historic low prestige and seeds of change: Attitudes toward
Jamaican Creole" Jamaican Creole (known to its speakers as Patois) is a language of ethnic
identification for roughly two and a half million people in the island of Jamaica, and overseas for
many thousands of native speakers. The origins of the Jamaican Creole postdate 1660, in the
interaction of British colonists and African slaves. Jamaican language and its place in society
reflects the brutal history of Jamaica as a British sugar colony until Independence in 1962.
Creolization in the broadest sense led to emergence of new cultural and social institutions, including
language, but the subordination of Jamaican Creole to English (the native ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Jamaican Creole has had a great history of low prestige. For example one theory of Creole
genesis holds that, because salves were transported to the West Indies from numerous different
ethnic groups along the western coast of Africa, they acquired a simplified variety of English in
order to communicate with their British rulers and one another. Wassink continues in the article to
address the "traditional view" of language attitudes of speakers in Creole. She explains that where
there is a lexical relationship between the Creole and the Standard English, the variety is perceived
by the layman as "good" and the non–standard varieties are "bad." This position reflects the general
direction of prestige in postcolonial nations in which the cultural values, systems of commerce and
government, and the language of the dominant culture have all been regarded as more sophisticated
than those of the dominated. One of Wassinks main arguments is that this fails to explain why, if
everyone agrees that the Jamaican Creole is "bad" or "vulgar" and the standard is "good," there has
not been more progress towards the elimination of the Jamaican Creole. Wissinks first main point is
that Creole speakers sometimes exhibit covert and over preferences. Social class proved to be a
good predictor of language attitudes when speaker judgments

The Awakening : Evaluating The Core Values Of The...
The Awakening: Evaluating The Core Values of the Nineteenth Century In Kate Chopin's novel, The
Awakening, the main protagonist Edna Pontellier exists as the embodiment of the feminist ideas that
stand as outliers in the midst of the more traditional nineteenth century beliefs. Set in 1899 near the
end of this generation, Chopin's work explores the shared attitudes of most of the novel's cast as
they respond to Edna's search for independence and freedom, an action that challenges her
conservative society. Though the radical Industrial Revolution and Feminist Movement are
beginning to diffuse their collective ideas in this era, Edna's binding role as a wife and mother are
still solidified by the orthodox beliefs of the century. Among the techniques that structure The
Awakening, is Chopin's notable manipulation of setting to provide a background that becomes the
impetus for Edna Pontellier's decisions. Through these combined elements, Kate Chopin places an
emphasis on the social and cultural values of the nineteenth century era in her work, The
Awakening, which she simultaneously explores and fluently analyzes.
The social values of the nineteenth century age are represented in the text through the social
expectations of behavior as well as the presence of gender roles, which are highly influential
throughout Edna's personal narrative. Women are clearly defined by their roles as motherly figures
and obedient wives in their marriage throughout The Awakening, binding the females

God Knows Everything Analysis
"My mom left me when I was nine years old."
Even though Jessy (Dieusy) didn't grow up in an orphanage, he considers himself an orphan. At a
young age, his mother left Haiti for the Dominican Republic and never came back. This left Jessy in
the care of his grandmother, Amalia Senal. Jessy grew up mostly in the streets, relying on friends for
his next meal.
"My grandmom helped me growing up as much as she could, but it wasn't much," Jessy shares.
Jessy's grandmother passed away less than one year ago. Though she had little if any means to help
Jessy as he grew up and give him the life he deserved as a little boy, he loved her deeply.
Throughout Jessy's life, he had been praying to find people that could help him.
"My mom wanted the best for me, but life was so hard for her. When she left, I had ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
They have no mom, and no dad. They only have our staff to help them," Jessy says.
"God knows everything. God made another way for me. I know that God put me on this path," Jessy
believes.
He dreams of being a doctor one day. He loves to write music and rap about the changes he wishes
to see in Haiti. He is currently writing lyrics inspired by his grandmoms misery and the life he
watched her live. Jessy has one more class before finishing high school, and plans to attend trade
school to learn how to be an electrician.
"When you wake up in the morning, there is a reason. You wake up for a purpose. If you wake up,
its because you are supposed to do something for this day," Jessy believes.
Jessy is now a part of our i'mME family. He spends time with the kids, making sure that they are
doing well, that they are happy, and having fun. He checks up on them, and makes sure that after
school they study the lessons they learned.
"What Haiti needs most is education," Jessy states.
"Most Haitian people don't know how to read or write. We need more school so that Haitians can
have an education to better their future," Jessy

Voodoo In African American Culture
Voodoo is the modernized term for Haitian Vodou. It developed in Haiti during the slavery era when
African–Caribbean slaves were working on plantations. It has roots in African American spirituality,
in Native American practices, and in Roman Catholicism. The central understanding in voodoo is
that it is more about what you do than it is what you believe. While it may be referred to as a
religion, this is actually more of a way of life for those who practice and participate in rituals. In
doing these rituals, the practitioners are engaging in worship of the Lwa which is Haitian Creole for
a group of spirits. These spirits act as an intermediary between the practitioners and God with whom
they believe in a plane that is too high for humans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Hon'gan began by addressing the spirits they serve in the form of prayer. Everyone has spirits
that they serve in this community. These spirits are usually adopted from your ancestors. For
example, my Hon'gan explained to me that he adopted his spirits from his parents and he has other
specific spirits that walk with him which mean that are just with him. To continue with, in order for
the ritual to commence they needed to ask the spirits for authorization. Each one of the Hon'gan's
spirits were called on and asked if he could proceed with the ritual. After they gave him that
authorization, he pulled out a powder. Powders in these rituals are generally used to amplify the
ritual. In this case, the powder was used so that the spirits can carry the message of the Hon'gan. It is
the powder that allows the Hon'gan to ask for what he needs. The priest blowed this powder into the
air in four directions. Then he took out a white jar candle. Traditionally white is a color which is
used to signal spiritual blessings. He marked this candle with a knife. This is done so the spirits may
have passage. Then he lit the candle and began to pray again. It is with this prayer, that the spirit
gives the Hon'gan passage. The Hon'gan "entered" this passage and lit a lamp. This part isn't
something we can physically see. But then he sprinkled powder onto the candle which he says was
sprinkling powder onto the lamp. It was at this point that the Hon'gan took the candle and placed it
in the middle of a large white bowl which he placed at the center of the room. Then he took a white
stick candle and placed it in the middle of a small bowl filled with l'huile mascreti which is a Haitian
term for castor oil. He then instructed the woman to keep adding oil as necessary and to keep both
candles lit for as long as it takes. Which basically meant for as long it took for her to finish the
housing process. Then the woman was given the

What Is The Purpose Of Caroline's Wedding
Purpose
Without purpose, all people would not have the strength to get up and face the challenges that
present themselves during the course of every day, regardless of the background they come from.
Krik? Krak!, a novel by Edwidge Danticat, tells several stories of people connected to Haiti that live
or have lived in terrible conditions. Finding a purpose allows the people to survive and press on
despite the adversities they face. While some of the novel's characters succumb and break down,
many find different meanings in life such as family, love, and passions that extend into something
larger than themselves.
Bonds within families are very powerful, allowing family members to support each other through
hardship. The story "Caroline's Wedding" centers around an immigrant family from Haiti that moves
to New York. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My father pulled heavy carts for pennies. My mother sold jugs of water from the public fountain,
charcoal, and grilled peanuts to get us something to eat" (166). Grace's mother and father work hard
to provide for her. Raising Grace is their primary goal, and later in their lives, they take it a step
further and move to America to provide better opportunities for Grace. Having a child in Haiti
forces Grace's parents to view Haiti differently than before. Rather than just surviving and making
ends meet they also have to address that they are going to raise a child in the poor conditions around
them. This motivates her parents to work harder and eventually move to provide better opportunities
for their children. "Night Women" is another story that shows how family is an important motivator.
The narrator of this story resorts to prostitution to provide for her son.

Haitian Culture Reflection Paper
On January 12, 2010, an earthquake of 7.3 on the Richter scale devastated the Haiti island, leaving
more than 316,000 dead, 350 injured and more than 1.5 million homeless, according to data
provided by Haitian government. Because of this situation many of the Hattians decided to migrate
outside their country in the pursuit of a better life with the promise of an American dream. But after
2010, U.S. authorities began to deny them refuge leaving them homeless in the borders of Mexico.
Now, more than 4,000 Hattians are living and working in Tijuana. Since the arrival of the Hattians, I
felt the need to know more about their life and culture. So I decided to go to one of the many Haitian
restaurants that exist today in Tijuana and learn about their culture. "Los Haitianos" are the name of
the restaurant located in the new Haitian neighborhood in the center of the city. When I arrived I felt
a little afraid to be the only woman sitting at the table, but after a few minutes I started talking and
feel more comfortable. I ordered the typical Haitian food, fried chicken, rice and beans served with a
slightly spicy red sauce, by the way was delicious and cheap. Sitting in front of me was a 25–year–
old Haitian from Puerto Principe. I asked him if he spoke Spanish and he said yes, I told him if I
could ask some question about his culture for my communication class and in return I offered to pay
for his food. He answered yes of course. So we started to talk about general culture like

Summary Of Creole Language In The Poetry Of Derek Walcott
Derek Walcott is a complex individual. Born in Castries, St. Lucia in the eastern Caribbean, he was
part of the island's native bourgeoisie. Due to his training in the English classics, permitted by his
respectable class on the island, Walcott developed a deep love for the English canon. At the same
time, he affiliated himself ideologically and politically with the Caribbean and its inhabitants. These
conflicting attachments manifested themselves in his poetry, in which Walcott writes in both
standard English and Creole. In Laurence Breiner's essay "Creole Language in the Poetry of Derek
Walcott," Breiner argues that Walcott's blend of Creole and English has one overarching mission: to
renegotiate his relationship to his people and their language after abandoning his people for Europe.
Throughout his essay, Breiner suggests that the manner in which Walcott incorporates the Creole
language into his poetry is critical in assessing Walcott's purpose. The matter of how takes shape in
two forms: orality versus printed text. In speech, the Creole language is highly unstable and
dynamic – changing with each situation. Creole is the mixture of native Caribbean and European
languages, so this mixture lends itself to instability. Writing, in contrast, is intentional and possesses
a purposeful goal in mind. This is what Breiner calls the "grapholect–that is, about the form of
language that can succeed on the page" (Breiner 33). Through the grapholect, Walcott strives for the

The Awakening by Edna Pontellier Essay
"Whatever we may do or attempt, despite the embrace and transports of love, the hunger of lips, we
are always alone" (Chopin 581.7). In Kate Chopin's story The Awakening, not only is this the quote
that Edna Pontellier identifies with when Mrs. Ratignolle plays piano for her, but it is also the
perfect description of the struggle in which Mrs. Pontellier faces. Though, The Awakening was
considered sexually charged and risqué for its time, when one analyzes this quote and the original
title of Kate Chopin's story, A Solitary Soul, they come to the realization that there is more to this
story than just sex (562). The Awakening is a story about Edna Pontellier's struggle to find
acceptance and fulfillment in a society confined by gender ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
She pales in comparison as a mother when set next to the other Creole women on Grand Isle. When
the children of the other mothers need comfort, they run to their mother. However this is not the case
for Mrs. Pontellier. When Edna's children fall, rather than seeking comfort from their mother, they
are more likely to instead get up and carry on playing (567). Try as she might, Edna is simply "not a
mother–woman", and finds no satisfaction in attempting to be one (567).
Edna's lack of belonging is not limited to inside her own house though. The largest aspect of life in
which Edna fails to find belonging is in the Creole society. Edna is not Creole, but rather married
into it. As she spends her summer immersed in this society, Edna begins to realize just how little she
fits into it. The Creole women's every waking thought was of their children, so much so that in the
middle of summer, Mrs. Ratignolle is already sewing her children winter outfits. Edna, on the other
hand, seems to rarely ever think of her children. The Creole women were also know to be very
flirtatious, but in a way that was harmless and lacked meaning. Edna, being an outsider from
Kentucky, did not understand the openness in which they expressed themselves. Some of the Creole
women would talk in great detail of intimate events such as child birth, tell stories, and read books
that all made Edna blush. Edna, being a solitary person, never really seemed to fit among the
communal society

Essay about The Jamaican Dialect
The History and Sociolinguistic development of the Jamaican Dialect
The topic of dialects is one which linguistic anthropologists have spent much time studying.
Distinctions made between an actual language, a sub–standard variety of that language and an actual
dialect are often unclear and the topic of much debate. Recently in the United States there have been
many discussions about Ebonics, or Black English. It has been argued that Ebonics is simply a sub–
standard form and degradation of English, while others feel that it should be recognized as an
African influenced English dialect. One of the most recognizable forms of African–influenced
English is that spoken by the people of Jamaica. Linguists and sociologists alike have studied ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The original inhabitants of Jamaica were the Arowak Indians, a group separate from any of those
living there today. With the arrival of Columbus in 1494, the Arowaks were introduced to the
Europeans, which soon proved to be fatal. By the time Britain conquered Jamaica in 1655, the
Arowaks were extinct. Under British rule the slave trade flourished. Plantations were set up, and
people from all over Africa were taken from their homelands and brought to Jamaica as slaves.
Slavery was extremely profitable in Jamaica, where the climate allowed for mass plantation
agriculture. While some slaves, termed "Maroons" by the Spanish, escaped and found refuge in the
mountains, those who were forced to work the plantations were also being forced to adapt to their
new environment. In 1834, slavery was abolished in Jamaica through a system where the slaves
would work for wages and eventually buy their freedom. While this idea was theoretically a good
way to displace slavery and bolster the economy, there was simply not enough means to carry it out.
The end result was an enormous gap between the upper class and the newly freed slaves who made
up the lower class. It is this class struggle that has tormented Jamaicans for years.
In 1963, Jamaica gained independence from Britain. However, poverty was endemic, with over half
the population earning only twenty–five dollars a week. At this time all of the money in Jamaica is
controlled by the upper

Food Identity
Food plays a major role in defining our identity. Whether one is aware of it or not, our food
preference gives a sense of one's culture. Many times, when ask someone what they like to eat; they
will fluently dictate the food, the kind, and the taste. However, if you ask them why, they are usually
inarticulate in explaining it. Therefore, since food is intertwined with culture, then, by scrutinizing
and knowing one's taste of food would surely direct us to his cultural background. And it happens
because as human beings, authenticity matters to our identity as a cultural group, or even personal.
But if we ponder on that, it is quite mind–blowing the fact that we can by simply look at one taste of
food, and can tell about their background. For ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The black pork is known as a national animal. It is a cross between a pig, which was imported to
Haiti during the Columbus Days, and the wild boar, which is native the island. Haiti which was
colonized by France, profited from a pig which the France brought into the island for their own
consumption. However, it is believed that the Island already had possessed boars. Thus, during their
breaking apart, 'Haiti' and France, the island ended up with the pigs and the boars which are now
using for Griyo. However, although Griyo is a pork, when we are usually referring to it as a whole
dish. It contains of Marinades, Plantains, Accra, Griyo or sometimes Chicken, the Haitian style
chicken. Haiti's cuisines originate from a blend of several culinary styles that populated the western
portion of the island of Hispaniola namely the French, African, Tainos natives, and Spanish. For this
reason, it is almost impossible to track the origin of the Griyo's dish. Haitian Marinade is made of
shallot, minced, onion, chopped garlic clove, a little of water, Adobo, baking soda, flour, olive oil. It
is estimated that Shallots probably originated in Central or Southeast Asia, travelling from there to
India and the eastern Mediterranean. However, Archaeologists and food historians cannot figure
when did Shallots make it in the Americas. Many of their traces lost when they arrived to the
Americas because at that

Creole Hybridity in Literature
Jamaican patois is not an official language, which is the same for most if not all languages are not,
although recently, there are some creole dictionaries and Haitian Creole is being taught in schools.
People tend to have a negative perception of a creole and thus, the people who speak and chose to
write in this creole language are often lumped into a box. There is a stigma attached to it, and people
often say that it is the language of the poor lower class of the country. Growing up in St. Lucia, I
saw how this is true, people are often embarrassed by their parent who spoke creole, or they as
children where forbidden to speak creole as to avoid being stereotyped. The language expresses the
history of the Caribbean and the hybridity that emerges through language. In the diaspora, people
depend on creating a space of "home" in the host country and language is an important part of this
space. The connection immigrants feel when they come into contact with literature that features a
language of their native homeland offers them their own space in the literary world, and a way for
their stories to be told. The writers and people who use creole are confirming their identities as a
merger of multiple influences. They use the language despite the stigma and fight to maintain the
culture by doing so–language is part of one's identity. "Wordy, Worldly Women Poets: Louise
Bennett, Lorna Goodison and Olive Senior," by Denise deCaires Narain, discusses the styles of three

The Link Between The Term Pidgins Essay
SOCIOLIANGUISTICS
‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بسم‬
PIDGINS IN SUDIAARABIA Pidgin could be defined as a language that results from two different
people who are not able to speak a each other language so they can interact with and understand
each other.
This is situation can be a result of different circumstances like war, colonization, slavery and
international trade.
Some definitions of pidgins although are pidgins have no static definitions : Ferguson (1971) refers
to pidgins and creoles as simplified speech used to communicate with people who are considered
unable to understand normal speech, such as babies or foreigners. One of the essential points that
should be clarified in this context is the link between the term pidgins. This linguistic variety is used
in the contact between two speech communities from two different linguistic backgrounds (Al–
Azraqi 2010; Al–Moaily, 2008).Bresnan and Roberts (2008:272) state that pidgins 'develop as
auxiliary languages and thus lack native communities, at least initially'.
Although the contact is between two languages, the vocabulary of a pidgin comes particularly from
one dominant language called the 'lexifier' or 'superstrate', while the non–dominant language is
called the substrate (Al–Moaily, 2008; Bizri, 2009; Al–Azraqi, 2010). Pidgins also do not have a
stable grammatical structure and they are usually used specifically among adults for a short period
of time (Al–Azraqi, 2010). However creoles are classified as more

The Complexities of the Pidgin and Creole Languages
As languages are unstable and continually developing, many languages are constantly being
established and becoming extinct. Humanity has a wide array of cultures, and each culture has its
own way of communicating. This may be through symbols, signs, sounds, and most importantly,
words. Language is an attribute that is unique to human beings. If one is not a speaker of the
language being spoken, communication becomes arduous. This has been proven when different
cultures have come across one another, and have tried to find ways to communicate in a
comprehensible matter. This is how Pidgin and Creole languages have evolved. The objective of this
paper is to show that Pidgin and Creole languages are very complex and compelling, and it is clear
that new things are being discovered about these languages at a continual rate. Subsequently, they
are very adaptable to times of change, which is likely an indication of its user both yesterday and
presently.
The central question here is: how did Pidgin and Creole languages develop? Pidgins and Creole
languages are used in developing nations, which ensued in response to the changes in the political
and social environment of the community where they are spoken in. Today, over one hundred
Pidgins and Creoles are spoken around the world (Jourdan, 1991). Bickerton (1976) believes that
most Pidgins and Creoles are based on European languages, primarily on English, Spanish, and
French. According to Harris and Rampton (2002), Pidgins are often

The Awakening Essay
The Relationship of The Awakening and Creole Society &#9;In The Awakening, Kate Chopin
brings out the essence of through the characters of her novel. In this novel Edna Pontellier faces
many problems because she is an outcast from society. As a result of her isolation from society she
has to learn to fit in and deal with her problems. This situation causes her to go through a series of
awakenings that help her find herself, but this also causes problems with her husband because she
loses respect for him and the society she lives in. Throughout the novel she is faced with
unfavorable circumstances which confuse and eventually kill her. Kate Chopin uses Creole Society
in the 1890s as a basis for her novel and expresses it through ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A mother's relationship with her children is usually very close, loving, and caring. The children are
usually constantly pampered by their mother. Creole women, &quot; . . . were women who
idolized their children worshipped their husbands, and esteemed it holy privilege to efface
themselves as individuals and grow wings as ministering angels&quot; (Chopin 16). Edna
Pontellier, was not this type of mother though, she &quot;. . . was not a mother–
woman&quot;(Chopin 16). Edna is just not able to fit in to the Creole society because she was
raised in such a foreign way from what Creoles exhibit, it is just too difficult. Just little signs of
affection towards her are difficult for her to grasp, &quot;... she becomes confused when
Madame Ratignolle touches her hand during a conversation&quot; (Walker 254).
&quot;'She was not accustomed to an outward and spoken expression of affection, either in
herself or others'&quot; (Walker 254). Unbelievably, Edna and her husband are the most distant
of all people because they were basically forced into marriage. He limits her and this infuriates her
to the point where she gives up and just does as she pleases. He does this by speaking to her like a
kid and treating her like a piece of property that he drags around because it is inproper for a man of
his stature not to be married (Chopin 7). Robert is the

Lela Vernon's Components Of The Creole Culture In Belize
Culture comes within language, symbols, values and beliefs. These things define what a culture is
like. There are many cultures in the world but only specific ones are within a society. Here in Belize
there are many but the one that will be elaborated is the creole culture. Lela Vernon was a Belizean
who was a Kriol and promoted it in everything she did. For instance, she talked, lived and song
using the Kriol culture. She contributed a lot of things to the creole culture here in Belize.
Lela Vernon expresses components of Belizean culture by showing them while singing. For
instance, the words she uses in her songs. The song 'Ah Waahn Noa Hoo Seh Kriol Noh Ga No
Kolcha?" This phrase became the spirit of inspiration for all who loves ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Reason being, the structural–functional approach explains culture as a complex strategy for meeting
human needs (Parsons, 1966; R. M. Williams, 1970). In other words, cultural values direct our lives,
give meaning to what we do, and bind people together (Macionis, 2008). In her songs she expresses
that Kriol has a culture, inferring that they have beliefs, values and history which is the base of their
culture. Moreover, France Vernon mentioned, "Ah wah kno seh! That was her song and her logo,
"Ah wah kno who seh Kriol no gah no kulcha." Because they know they have culture; we the Kriol
people have culture, our way of life, our food, our music, the way we talk, the way we do all sort of
thing; Belize is a country full of culture and she represented the Kriol culture" (Humes,

The U.S. Virgin Islands is predominantly an English...
The U.S. Virgin Islands is predominantly an English speaking island; however the most popular
language spoken over the past 400 years has been a Virgin Islands Creole English, as well as Dutch
Creole. The U.S. Virgin Islands became an English speaking country in 1917 when the island was
formerly the Danish West Indies. Over the years Virgin Islanders have communicated with each
other with a dialect some Virgin Islanders call "broken English", although some scholars call it
Creole English. Virgin Islanders have also made up many expressions of wisdom and truth handed
them down from earlier generations and are still being used today.
The term creole was formed by enslaved Africans whom were unable to communicate with each
other and their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(CITE) Who share common bloodlines and a common culture. Although the scholars do call the
dialect English creole for all the U.S.Virgin Islands there is a slight difference. The crucian dialects
is more distinct and carry different characteristics because they share many similarities with the
English creole of Belize and Panama. (CITE)
The dialect of St. John and St. Thomas share similarities with both the crucian and the British virgin
islands variants. St. Croix was owned by the French until 1733 when the Danes bought the island in
1741. (cite) There were as many English on the island of dance and English creole came to St. Croix
more so of Dutch than creole which was more popular on St Thomas and St John creole languages
are simple with little use of grammar (cite). The switch from Dutch creole to English was quite hard
for because of the lack of correct forms of grammar. English creole formed as the populous learned
English verbs, nouns and adjectives, but it lacked the correct rules for putting them together. (cite)
The phrases that began with "I is" and "I be" illustrated the lack of grammar rules these phrases are
often heard today in random and casual conversations with the local and especially young children.
(cite)
Most linguists describe the dialect of the us virgin islands as transitional language where there is a
bridge between Dutch creole and standard English. Although the

My Family Essay
My family is friendly and welcoming when interacting with other people. My cousin who has been
living with his Turkish girlfriend for more than 5 years got engaged. The girlfriend's parents came to
our house to meet the rest of the family. On that day, my aunts cooked the finest dish and the house
was basically clean and with some bouquets of flowers. Her parents were so delighted on how close
my family is and we instantly created a special familial bound with people that we meet for the first
time. My family and I have a strong bond, we are always there for another in any situation. I live in
Cambria Heights; my neighborhood is full of Caribbean people especially Haitians. If we are talking
to someone and we see that they are Haitians, we constantly speak Creole with them rather than
talking in a foreign language. My family encourages me to be independent but school always come
first. When I first got my first job, they were happy but advised me not to work for too many hours
so that I still have time for school. My mom wants to make sure that I finish school and that I get a
decent job to provide for my future family. I wanted to be a pediatrician and my mom supported me
but after taking a biology class, my mind changed and I lost interest. I had physical education as a
backup but my mom saw it as a gym teacher and decided that the pay wasn't enough. Then I realize
how much I love sports and I thought physical therapy was a great career to be in. Haitian parents

Cultural Assessment : Developing Awareness Of Cultural...
Cultural Assessment Developing awareness of cultural diversity can help an individual accept the
practices and beliefs of another cultural group other than their own. As a health care professional
learning about different cultures, can help assist with providing culturally competent care. Before
working with a patient from a different ethnicity, you should familiarize yourself with the different
beliefs, practices, and rituals derived from their cultural. "Organizations and individuals who
understand their clients' cultural values, beliefs, and practices are in a better position to be
coparticipants with their clients in providing culturally acceptable care" (Purnell & Paulanka, 2008,
p. 2). After interviewing my co–worker Mrs. C.D., whom is from Haitian decent, I was able to
obtain a clear understanding of her cultural common practices and belief. I will discuss Mrs. C.D.
cultural background, communication patterns, family roles and organization of Haitian culture. I will
also provide details on her cultural lifestyle and workforce issue, high risk behaviors within the
Haitian cultural and their meaning of food, pregnancy and childbearing practices, and death rituals.
Finally I will describe the spirituality of the Haitian culture and how as health care professional are
able to care for a patient from this descent and collaborating with other health care practitioners to
achieve the goal of providing cultural competent care. Learning and familiarizing yourself with

Kate Chopin 's The Awakening
Kate Chopin is the author of the book The Awakening published in 1899. "Kate was born February
08, 1850 in St. Louis, Missouri and died on August 22, 1904" (Feminist Writers). "Born as
Katherine O'Flaherty and she graduated from the Academy of the Sacred Heart in 1868" (Feminist
Writers). "Kate married Oscar Chopin in 1870 and had five sons and one daughter" (Feminist
Writers). "Kate wrote fictional novels; her most known novel is "The Awaken" and short stories; her
most known short story is called, The Storm" (Feminist Writers). "Chopin's fiction details the social
and sexual subtleties of the Cajun and Creole culture in which she lived during her childhood and
marriage" (Feminist Writers). "Chopin represents ironic and seven daring treatments of the sexual,
racial, and moral underpinnings of polite southern Louisiana society" (Feminist Writers). "The
Awaken has become a required reading for any student of the history of women's cultural
oppression" (Feminist Writers). According to Carley Bogard, "Kate Chopin's "The Awakening",
though placed in the highly structured New Orleans Creole Society at the turn of the century, is still
the clearest statement of the feminine dilemma that we have" (Bogard, Carley). Looking through the
eyes of Carley Bogard, she looks at the The Awakening as "a refusal to compromise". She says that,
"I want to argue that Edna's awakening is a double one. The first is her awareness that she wants
autonomy as a human being. At the same time,

Short Biography Of Gj Essay
GJ is a 50 years old Haitian American male, born on February 15, 1967 in Brooklyn New York; he is
6 feet, 280 pounds, has brown eyes and grey hair. He is the middle child of 4. After birth, he spent
one year in Brooklyn, then moved to Spring Valley for 6 years. After his sixth birthday, GJ moved to
Nyack where he spent all of his childhood and adolescence. After he got married, GJ moved back to
Spring Valley with his wife and children. He has been with his wife since 1985; they have 2
children, a boy and a girl, who are currently in college. GJ's father was a bishop and his mother, a
pastor. His father passed away 4 years ago. GJ was fortunate enough to have two great leaders of
God as his parents, who later had a great influence on him becoming the man he is today. GJ is
currently a pastor and his church is located in Nyack, New York; "Pool of Bethesda."
Childhood
Biological Factor GJ was born into a Haitian family at a normal birth weight in a clean and smoke
free home. At age 3, he was healthy and very active; he was able to run, walk and played around
with his siblings. One ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a pastor's child, GJ was constantly surrounded with other church members' children which
allowed him to never have a dull moment. GJ also had 3 siblings who he was very close to, GJ was
never alone; he was always around his siblings and other kids to play and communicate with. One
would rather say GJ social childhood was impeccable. GJ mentioned at 3–6 his father used to never
let him ride the bus to school; he would always drop him off and pick him up. However, at the age
of 7 his father decided to let him ride the bus to school and from school, which Erik Erikson would
describe as initiative vs. Guilt & shame; his father encouraged him and allowed him to gain his
independence. GJ was surrounded by other church members children to play with

The Republic of Haiti is in the western part of the island of Hispaniola in the West Indies. It is
densely populated and has the lowest per capita income in the western hemisphere (Kemp, 2001).
The population of more than seven million is made up of mostly descendents of African slaves
brought to the West Indies by French colonists. The horrible conditions in Haiti, such as crushing
poverty, unemployment and illiteracy, and high rates of acute and chronic illnesses and child and
infant mortality, result in the illegal immigration of many Haitians to the United States, France, and
other countries in Western Europe. Most immigrants are adults and teens who leave Haiti in tiny
boats, despite the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to these spiritual figures, Catholic saints may also be incorporated into religious
practices, though they are often called by different names and have different meanings. Because of
this intermixing of beliefs, religious symbols may appear to be Catholic, but are actually Voodou.
For Haitians, to have extended family is the ideal, but where immigration is concerned, this is not
always possible, as many family members may be left behind. The family dynamic is mostly
matriarchal, but the man holds the ultimate power of decision–making in matters outside of the
family and is typically the primary wage–earner. Common–law marriage is widely seen, and the
woman usually takes the name of her husband and loses her own. There are often inconsistencies in
the traditional ways of Haitian childrearing and accepted practices in American culture. Discipline is
swift and physical and may be seen as abuse by American standards. Children are seen as a gift from
God, and are cherished by the whole community. Family and community are very important to the
Haitian people and those who emigrate are often still financially responsible for those left behind.
To make up for the loss of family, many Haitians live as groups in the community to serve as a
support system for one another, as well as for new immigrants, even if they are not biologically tied
to the

The Awakening Feminist Analysis
The influence of culture within society may lead to detrimental outcomes. Oppression is not the
intention of society, though through harsh political and social standards one will feel compelled to
make brash decisions. Kate Chopin, author of The Awakening, provides feminist criticism of
traditional motherhood, marriage, and conformity. Edna Pontellier, the female protagonist within the
novel, grows to desire independence and control over her life. Throughout the story, Edna
epitomizes a feminist attitude by defying the regressive standards of the Creole culture, as
exemplified through Chopin's use of literary elements including symbol, setting, and character
development. Edna gradually sheds her fictitious self in attempt to become an ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
"A bird with a broken wing was beating the air above, reeling, fluttering, circling, disabled down,
down to the water" (115). Chopin uses the birds to symbolize Edna, as her "wings" were not strong
enough to support her. The expectations of society compelled Edna to take her own life. A life
without individuality or authenticity was one Edna decided was not worth living.
Edna's peers view her actions as thoughtless and childish because she frequently makes impulsive
decisions and later regrets them. As such, Edna often shares the symbolic nature of a child. Edna's
behavior after an argument with Léonce exemplifies her thoughtlessness. "She stopped, taking off
her wedding ring, and flung it upon the carpet" (52). Edna is unhappy with her marriage because she
never loved Leonce in the first place. Unwed women held lesser merit and stability than married
women did. Edna ultimately wed Leonce both to initially abide by society's expectations and to
upset her father. Edna, now desiring another man, despises the Catholic restriction to annul. Later,
when Edna confides in Adele, she admits, "I would give up the unessential; I would give my money,
I would give my life for my children; but I wouldn't give myself" (47). Not only does Edna consider
her life to be inessential due to her social standing, she would not sacrifice the more important lively
aspects because she herself still feels childish greed. Edna's struggle for

Language Of Haitian Voodoo
Most Haitians are Christians who practice within the catholic faith, 7th day Adventist, Protestants,
Jehovah witnesses and more. In contrast to being Christians, many Haitians practices Voodoo.
Within this belief, they practice rituals to help bind the body and the soul. Voodoo is a form of magic
described by many Haitians as a former form of healing and meditation of the troubled spirit. Many
Haitians also proceed to explain that the magic of voodoo have evolved to a form of black magic,
where those who practices it take haughtiness aim to cause harm to their enemies. The native
language of Haiti is Haitian Creole. This is a language that was created from the different tribes in
Africa that was brought to Haiti as slaves. To communicate with each other, they were left with no
choice but to create a common way understanding. In the Haitian Creole language, there is a vast
number of different sounds within the dialect. The sounds are used as an exaggeration to the
meaning of the word. An example of this is saying "anmey", which is usually screamed out as a cry
for help. Because of the electrical services supply in Haiti, most native especially those of low
socioeconomic status leaves their house early morning near sunrise to return by sunset. It has been
said that in recent year, the electricity company E.D.H, has been turning on the power mostly at
night time to ensure the security of the Haitian population and facilitate the life of student who come
home and have to do

Jamaican Creole Poem Analysis
The Poetry within Jamaican Creole in a Linguistic Imperalised England It is clear from the poem to
see how Linton feels about the racially hostile environment in which he lives. He chooses to show
his social identity with his strong Jamaican accent which conveys to the reader that he is of
immigrant status, this is fundamental to this poem. Within this essay, I wish to analyze his reasoning
for choosing to express himself with a post colonial approach by using his Jamaican Creole and how
he chooses to combat the conflict of the position of language in the development of colonization. In
his most repetitive stanza, which takes the form of a chorus in spoken form, Linton says. "Inglan is a
bitch dere's no escapin' it Inglan is a bitch dere's no runnin' whey fram it" There is poetry in
profanity, Often profanity can set an underlying feeling and strengthen an emotion a writer wants to
get across in his material. The repetition of the word "bitch" Linton expresses his frustration and
disappointment for British imperialism as he tries to make the most of what seems like a cemented
situation and yet is still confronted with institutionalized racism. In the thirteenth Stanza Linton
expresses the exploitation of immigrant workers by saying "mi know dem have work, work in
abundant yet still, dem mek mi redundant now, at fifty–five mi gettin' quite ol' yet still, dem sen' mi
fi goh draw dole" The experience in inner cities had by immigrants in the 1950's and 60's was, to say

Language And Communication Essay
Language is shared among all humans, but it is hardly straightforward. As mentioned in our many
lectures, Ferdinand de Saussure described language as "...series of differences of sound combined
with a series of differences of ideas." As such, there is a linguistic influence on our thoughts.
Language is much more than communicating because it can also be representational on how we
think about ourselves and the world that surrounds us. It is because we use language to express our
thoughts, feelings, and ideas, that these communications shape the process of how we think and feel.
It is something that is continuously evolving over time. Some languages can cease to exist, but new
forms can arrive in their place. This is especially so when two different languages make contact.
However, it's not necessarily the languages themselves making contact, but the people who speak
those languages. The world has a history of people migrating to new places around the globe; people
like explorers and nomads and prisoners and slaves who settle in new lands. Through these travels,
many people from different cultures and languages meet, but how can they communicate
effectively? What if people are forced to live in a place where no one speaks their native tongue? In
these type of situations is what forms a pidgin, or a kind of language used to facilitate contact and
relationships between persons of two or more languages. Trade and colonization is a critical factor
of when this type of supplemental

Cholera Epidemic Of The United States

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Jenny Smith

More from Jenny Smith (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Cholera Epidemic Of The United States