The document describes how to use the choice component in Mule to conditionally route messages based on message properties. It provides an example XML configuration with two flows - flow1 sets a session property and flow2 uses a choice component to route the message based on checking the value of that session property, logging different messages depending on the result. When run, it demonstrates setting and accessing the session property across the two flows and the choice component routing the message to the appropriate logger based on the property value.