Mode of Infection Of Chlamydia trachomatis

1. By : Hadeer Mahmoud
46177
Under the supervision of :
Prof. Dr. Mokhtar El-zawahri

2.  Definition of the disease.
 History of the disease
 Etiology of the disease.
 Mode of infection
 Incidence of the disease.
 Signs and symptoms of the disease.
 Complications
 Medical Diagnosis
 Moleculer Diagnosis
 Medical Treatment
 Moleculer Treatment
 Prevention Of The disease.

3.  Chlamydia: is a common STD that can infect
both men and women.
 It can cause serious, permanent damage to a
woman's reproductive system, making it
difficult or impossible for her to get pregnant
later on.
 Chlamydia can also cause a potentially fatal
ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy that occurs
outside the womb).

4.  In 1903, Neisser, the scientist that
discovered Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ludwig
Halberstaedter, and Stanislaus von Prowazek went
on an expedition to Java. It was here that the
similarities between the inclusions of the
conjunctiva of infants.
 the cervices of their mothers, and the urethral
scrapings of men with nongonococcal urethritis
were established In 1957
 Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from
embryonated eggs, and from a cell culture in 1963

5.  Chlamydia is caused by the
bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which is an
obligate intracellular parasite
 It can infect the genitals, urethra, rectum,
throat, or eyes of men and women .
 This bacterium only infects humans because
it can not produce ATP on its own and
requires it from the host

7.  You can get chlamydia by having vaginal, anal, or
oral sex with someone who has chlamydia.
 If your sex partner is male you can still get
chlamydia even if he does not ejaculate (cum).
 If you’ve had chlamydia and were treated, you
can still get infected again if you have
unprotected sex with someone has chlamydia.
 If you are pregnant, you can give chlamydia to
your baby during childbirth .

8.  Most people who have chlamydia have no
symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they
may not appear until several weeks after you
have sex with an infected partner.

9.  An abnormal vaginal discharge;
 A burning sensation when urinating.
 A discharge from their penis;
 Rectal pain;
 Bleeding.

10.  chlamydia can lead to serious health
problems:
 pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
 Inability to get pregnant.
 potentially deadly ectopic
pregnancy(pregnancy outside the uterus).
 Untreated chlamydia may also increase your
chances of getting or giving HIV – the virus
that causes AIDS.

11.  There are laboratory tests to diagnose
chlamydia. Your health care provider may ask
you to provide:
 urine sample
 or ask you to use a cotton swab to get a
sample from your vagina.

12.  Five tests are commonly used to determine the
presence of Chlamydia:
 Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA)
 Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)
 Nucleic Acid Probe (GEN-PROBE)
 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
 Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR)
 The DFA, EIA, and GEN-PROBE tests can only be
done using genital swabs.
 The PCR and LCR tests can be performed on
genital swabs or urine samples

13.  Chlamydia is often treated with the single
dose antibiotic azithromycin (Zithromax).
 It can also be treated with a weeklong
prescription of the antibiotic doxycycline .

14.  Treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis with a
small molecule inhibitor of the Yersinia type
III secretion system disrupts progression of
the chlamydial developmental cycle

15.  Chlamydia — Rates of Reported Cases by Age
Group and Sex, United States, 2015

16.  the use of latex or polyurethane condoms
during vaginal, oral, or anal sexual
intercourse.
 regular testing, especially with a change in
sexual partners or during pregnancy.