Presentation delivered at Nanjing Agricultural University in May 2016. Provides overview of how we have been thinking about science communication as strategic behavior (based on previous presentations and NSF grant)
Briefing presentation provided at Nanjing Agricultural University on what to think about when considering publishing in science communication-related journals listed in the Social Science citation Index.
China 2016: Overview of public opinion about science with a special focus on ...John C. Besley
This document summarizes key findings from the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators report on U.S. and global public opinion regarding science and technology issues. It finds that Americans have a moderate level of interest in science and a basic level of factual knowledge. Overall attitudes toward science are positive, though views on specific issues like genetic engineering and nuclear energy are more mixed and have declined slightly. The document analyzes factors influencing public opinions on various technologies, finding that demographics play a minor role while perceptions of scientific processes and trust in scientists have a stronger influence on attitudes.
Public Communication of Science and Technology (PCST) meeting presentation - ...John C. Besley
Draft results of 2015-2016 scientist surveys with discussion focused on comparisons between societies. More complete analysis to follow. Check against delivery.
Scientists prioritize certain objectives and goals over others when engaging in public communication. The top priorities include informing and educating the public about scientific issues, generating interest and excitement about science, and defending science against falsehoods. However, simply increasing science literacy and knowledge may have limited impact, and scientists are often seen as competent but cold. More emphasis could be placed on objectives like showing the public that scientists care about society and are open and transparent. The effectiveness of different engagement tactics also requires further research.
Visionlearning. Carpi & Lents, Sloan C 10.2009acarpi
Visionlearning: Building an open online learning environment for promoting the nature and practice of science. Anthony Carpi & Nathan Lents as presented to the Sloan C conference, October 30, 2009.
What is and what isn’t a good research question? Discover how to develop an impactful and significant research question by asking the right questions related to your field and area of study. This is a presentation developed through the Graduate Resource Center at the University of New Mexico.
These slides come from a presentation given as part of the session "Learning from the evidence: improving microbiology teaching through educational research" at the Society for General Microbiology conference in Nottingham, September 2010.
Briefing presentation provided at Nanjing Agricultural University on what to think about when considering publishing in science communication-related journals listed in the Social Science citation Index.
China 2016: Overview of public opinion about science with a special focus on ...John C. Besley
This document summarizes key findings from the 2016 Science and Engineering Indicators report on U.S. and global public opinion regarding science and technology issues. It finds that Americans have a moderate level of interest in science and a basic level of factual knowledge. Overall attitudes toward science are positive, though views on specific issues like genetic engineering and nuclear energy are more mixed and have declined slightly. The document analyzes factors influencing public opinions on various technologies, finding that demographics play a minor role while perceptions of scientific processes and trust in scientists have a stronger influence on attitudes.
Public Communication of Science and Technology (PCST) meeting presentation - ...John C. Besley
Draft results of 2015-2016 scientist surveys with discussion focused on comparisons between societies. More complete analysis to follow. Check against delivery.
Scientists prioritize certain objectives and goals over others when engaging in public communication. The top priorities include informing and educating the public about scientific issues, generating interest and excitement about science, and defending science against falsehoods. However, simply increasing science literacy and knowledge may have limited impact, and scientists are often seen as competent but cold. More emphasis could be placed on objectives like showing the public that scientists care about society and are open and transparent. The effectiveness of different engagement tactics also requires further research.
Visionlearning. Carpi & Lents, Sloan C 10.2009acarpi
Visionlearning: Building an open online learning environment for promoting the nature and practice of science. Anthony Carpi & Nathan Lents as presented to the Sloan C conference, October 30, 2009.
What is and what isn’t a good research question? Discover how to develop an impactful and significant research question by asking the right questions related to your field and area of study. This is a presentation developed through the Graduate Resource Center at the University of New Mexico.
These slides come from a presentation given as part of the session "Learning from the evidence: improving microbiology teaching through educational research" at the Society for General Microbiology conference in Nottingham, September 2010.
This document discusses developing research questions for a study. It provides examples of different types of research questions, such as descriptive, explanatory, and evaluative questions. The document also discusses how the research questions imply what type of data needs to be collected and how it will be analyzed. Developing good research questions is important as it guides the entire research process from data collection to analysis.
This document discusses research questions and their importance in guiding rigorous research. It defines what a research question is and explains that it focuses a study, determines the methodology, and guides all stages of inquiry. There are three main types of research questions: descriptive, comparative, and causal. Characteristics of good research questions are that they are feasible, clear, ethical, and significant. Rigorous research questions are focused on a specific research area and topic. They identify the right research paradigm and drive an appropriate research design. Non-rigorous questions are too broad, narrow, yes/no, or include presumptions. The choice of research question is important as the wrong question can waste time and effort.
Presentation done to JOOUST staff to highlight challenges facing young researchers on writing grants winning proposals at the commencement of their carriers.
This document discusses identifying and formulating a research problem. It explains that properly selecting a research problem is the most challenging phase of research. The researcher must draw on their knowledge, skills, interests, and experience to identify a problem within their subject area that is relevant, has clear objectives and scope, and is significant. Sources for identifying research problems include personal experience, reviewing literature, examining previous research findings, considering existing theories, analyzing social issues, brainstorming discussions, intuition, folklores, and exposure to real-world situations. Consulting experts can also help the researcher identify a worthwhile problem to study.
This document outlines the purpose, nature, and criteria for selecting a research topic. It discusses how a research topic should aim to answer a question or solve a problem. A good research problem has a perceived discrepancy, unclear reasons for it, and multiple possible explanations. Strategies for identifying topics include observation, discussion, reading, and exploratory studies. The nature of the topic, whether a phenomenon or problem, helps determine if the research should be basic or applied.
The document provides steps to develop a well-focused research question. It instructs readers to choose a topic of interest, describe it in one sentence, study it because they want to find out something specific, convert the statement to a question, evaluate the question, restate it using different terms, review it with teachers, and begin research. The goal is to formulate a clear research question about an issue the reader cares about to guide their project work.
STEM Students Abroad: Understanding their Motivations and ExperiencesCIEE
This session will focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) students' motivations for studying abroad and the value of their experiences. With STEM fields underrepresented in study abroad, we hope to share student stories that encourage future STEM students to take the leap. Survey data from STEM student feedback will highlight: why STEM students study abroad, types of experiences, skills gained abroad for future careers or academic pursuits, perceived barriers to studying abroad, and ways to meet those challenges. Part of the session will focus on learning more about academic advisor perspectives on STEM students studying abroad, including benefits and challenges.
The document discusses developing a research question and provides guidance on defining topics and questions. It notes that a good research question defines the investigation, sets boundaries, and provides direction. It advises that if finding a topic is challenging, to use concept mapping or draw from personal experience, theory, observations, issues, or literature. The document emphasizes that narrowing, clarifying, and redefining questions is important and iterative. It provides a checklist for evaluating questions, including whether the question interests the researcher, is significant to the field, is well-articulated, can be answered, and is approved by supervisors and experts.
The document provides guidance on developing a research problem/question for an education research study. It discusses critics who argue education research uses inefficient and unscientific methods by relying too heavily on opinions and personal experience rather than objective evidence. The document then lists criteria for a good research problem, including that it sustains interest, is manageable in size, has a theoretical basis, and can make an original contribution. It also provides guidelines for writing a research question that implies a relationship between variables and for conducting a literature review to identify relevant past studies and gaps in the research. Finally, it instructs readers to work in groups to provide feedback on strengths and weaknesses of proposed research questions.
The document discusses selecting researchable topics and questions. It covers developing a research question, reviewing relevant literature, and considering practical factors like feasibility, access, time and costs when planning a study. A good research question can be studied within these practical constraints. The topics of interest for research often change over time due to changing social, political and economic climates as well as sources of funding. Gaining access to certain populations, like secretive groups, presents greater challenges for research.
The document provides guidance on developing effective research questions, noting that they should address the topic through an open-ended question, include key words for research, and be questions the researcher does not already know the answer to. Examples of too narrow, too broad, or too challenging questions are given. The document also discusses developing sub-questions to help answer the research question.
The document provides guidance on writing a research title. It states that a research title should summarize the main topic and key variables being studied in a concise way. Titles should be around 12-15 words to be effective. Examples of good titles are given, such as "Modern Counseling: Freudian Theory with a New Face" for a study on the influence of psychoanalysis on counseling. Guidelines are given that the title should reflect the general problem or variable being investigated by the research. Sources for topic ideas can come from theories, prior research, and personal experiences. Developing a title requires narrowing a topic to be sufficiently focused and manageable for a research study.
The document discusses key aspects of defining a research problem, including what constitutes a research problem, why it is important to define the problem, and examples of research problems. It also covers selecting a research problem by choosing a topic of interest that is manageable in scope. Finally, it discusses formulating the problem as a clear question and considering feasibility, clarity, significance, and ethics.
The document discusses research ethics and characteristics of inquiry-based learning. It defines research and outlines its key characteristics such as being empirical, logical, cyclical, and analytical. It also discusses ethics in research including respecting subjects, presenting objective findings, and avoiding bias or deception. Examples of ethical dilemmas researchers may face involve fabricating or falsifying data, failing to correct errors, and deciding whether to share full datasets with other researchers.
AAAS S&E indicators Chapter 7 Overview Presentation: Public Attitudes and Und...John C. Besley
Presentation by John C. Besley at the 2014 Meeting of the AAAS. Focus was key results from Chapter 7 of the 2014 Science and Engineering Indicators. Besley was the lead author of the chapter, although the views expressed in the presentation are his own and not necessarily those of the National Science Foundation or the National Science Board.
This document provides an introduction to action research and guides the reader through developing an action research plan. It defines action research and how it differs from traditional social science research. It also outlines the action research process, discusses what types of data are used, and provides exercises for the reader to start planning their own action research project, including conducting a SWOT analysis and developing research questions and objectives. Key aspects of action research plan development are discussed based on frameworks from McNiff and Whitehead.
This document discusses research methods for conducting surveys. It covers topics such as sampling, developing research questions, planning a survey, question types, and analyzing results. Some key points include:
- Sampling involves selecting a subset of a population to study. There are probability/random sampling methods and non-probability/convenience sampling methods.
- When planning a survey, researchers should consider who the respondents will be, what information they want to learn, and how to effectively collect that information.
- Questions should be clear, avoid bias and ambiguity, and not be leading. Common question types include closed-ended, open-ended, and scales.
- Analyzing results includes calculating the margin of error to determine accuracy based
Strategic science communication (Short Version): Delivered in Stellenbosch Se...John C. Besley
This is a shortened version of a talk I've prepared on science communication goals and objectives. I'll continue to update the presentation over time and appreciate the opportunity to talk about the ideas contained.
This document discusses what science is and is not. It begins by stating that science attempts to disprove ideas rather than prove them, and is concerned with understanding the natural world through observation and experimentation. It notes several misconceptions, such as the idea that science can prove anything or that there is a linear progression from hypothesis to theory to law. Good science minimizes bias through random sampling, appropriate measurement techniques, and independent verification. It emphasizes that science provides the most reliable knowledge about the natural world but does not claim certainty, only degrees of probability. Overall, the document provides a concise overview of the scientific process and addresses common misconceptions about the limitations and objectives of science.
This document discusses developing research questions for a study. It provides examples of different types of research questions, such as descriptive, explanatory, and evaluative questions. The document also discusses how the research questions imply what type of data needs to be collected and how it will be analyzed. Developing good research questions is important as it guides the entire research process from data collection to analysis.
This document discusses research questions and their importance in guiding rigorous research. It defines what a research question is and explains that it focuses a study, determines the methodology, and guides all stages of inquiry. There are three main types of research questions: descriptive, comparative, and causal. Characteristics of good research questions are that they are feasible, clear, ethical, and significant. Rigorous research questions are focused on a specific research area and topic. They identify the right research paradigm and drive an appropriate research design. Non-rigorous questions are too broad, narrow, yes/no, or include presumptions. The choice of research question is important as the wrong question can waste time and effort.
Presentation done to JOOUST staff to highlight challenges facing young researchers on writing grants winning proposals at the commencement of their carriers.
This document discusses identifying and formulating a research problem. It explains that properly selecting a research problem is the most challenging phase of research. The researcher must draw on their knowledge, skills, interests, and experience to identify a problem within their subject area that is relevant, has clear objectives and scope, and is significant. Sources for identifying research problems include personal experience, reviewing literature, examining previous research findings, considering existing theories, analyzing social issues, brainstorming discussions, intuition, folklores, and exposure to real-world situations. Consulting experts can also help the researcher identify a worthwhile problem to study.
This document outlines the purpose, nature, and criteria for selecting a research topic. It discusses how a research topic should aim to answer a question or solve a problem. A good research problem has a perceived discrepancy, unclear reasons for it, and multiple possible explanations. Strategies for identifying topics include observation, discussion, reading, and exploratory studies. The nature of the topic, whether a phenomenon or problem, helps determine if the research should be basic or applied.
The document provides steps to develop a well-focused research question. It instructs readers to choose a topic of interest, describe it in one sentence, study it because they want to find out something specific, convert the statement to a question, evaluate the question, restate it using different terms, review it with teachers, and begin research. The goal is to formulate a clear research question about an issue the reader cares about to guide their project work.
STEM Students Abroad: Understanding their Motivations and ExperiencesCIEE
This session will focus on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) students' motivations for studying abroad and the value of their experiences. With STEM fields underrepresented in study abroad, we hope to share student stories that encourage future STEM students to take the leap. Survey data from STEM student feedback will highlight: why STEM students study abroad, types of experiences, skills gained abroad for future careers or academic pursuits, perceived barriers to studying abroad, and ways to meet those challenges. Part of the session will focus on learning more about academic advisor perspectives on STEM students studying abroad, including benefits and challenges.
The document discusses developing a research question and provides guidance on defining topics and questions. It notes that a good research question defines the investigation, sets boundaries, and provides direction. It advises that if finding a topic is challenging, to use concept mapping or draw from personal experience, theory, observations, issues, or literature. The document emphasizes that narrowing, clarifying, and redefining questions is important and iterative. It provides a checklist for evaluating questions, including whether the question interests the researcher, is significant to the field, is well-articulated, can be answered, and is approved by supervisors and experts.
The document provides guidance on developing a research problem/question for an education research study. It discusses critics who argue education research uses inefficient and unscientific methods by relying too heavily on opinions and personal experience rather than objective evidence. The document then lists criteria for a good research problem, including that it sustains interest, is manageable in size, has a theoretical basis, and can make an original contribution. It also provides guidelines for writing a research question that implies a relationship between variables and for conducting a literature review to identify relevant past studies and gaps in the research. Finally, it instructs readers to work in groups to provide feedback on strengths and weaknesses of proposed research questions.
The document discusses selecting researchable topics and questions. It covers developing a research question, reviewing relevant literature, and considering practical factors like feasibility, access, time and costs when planning a study. A good research question can be studied within these practical constraints. The topics of interest for research often change over time due to changing social, political and economic climates as well as sources of funding. Gaining access to certain populations, like secretive groups, presents greater challenges for research.
The document provides guidance on developing effective research questions, noting that they should address the topic through an open-ended question, include key words for research, and be questions the researcher does not already know the answer to. Examples of too narrow, too broad, or too challenging questions are given. The document also discusses developing sub-questions to help answer the research question.
The document provides guidance on writing a research title. It states that a research title should summarize the main topic and key variables being studied in a concise way. Titles should be around 12-15 words to be effective. Examples of good titles are given, such as "Modern Counseling: Freudian Theory with a New Face" for a study on the influence of psychoanalysis on counseling. Guidelines are given that the title should reflect the general problem or variable being investigated by the research. Sources for topic ideas can come from theories, prior research, and personal experiences. Developing a title requires narrowing a topic to be sufficiently focused and manageable for a research study.
The document discusses key aspects of defining a research problem, including what constitutes a research problem, why it is important to define the problem, and examples of research problems. It also covers selecting a research problem by choosing a topic of interest that is manageable in scope. Finally, it discusses formulating the problem as a clear question and considering feasibility, clarity, significance, and ethics.
The document discusses research ethics and characteristics of inquiry-based learning. It defines research and outlines its key characteristics such as being empirical, logical, cyclical, and analytical. It also discusses ethics in research including respecting subjects, presenting objective findings, and avoiding bias or deception. Examples of ethical dilemmas researchers may face involve fabricating or falsifying data, failing to correct errors, and deciding whether to share full datasets with other researchers.
AAAS S&E indicators Chapter 7 Overview Presentation: Public Attitudes and Und...John C. Besley
Presentation by John C. Besley at the 2014 Meeting of the AAAS. Focus was key results from Chapter 7 of the 2014 Science and Engineering Indicators. Besley was the lead author of the chapter, although the views expressed in the presentation are his own and not necessarily those of the National Science Foundation or the National Science Board.
This document provides an introduction to action research and guides the reader through developing an action research plan. It defines action research and how it differs from traditional social science research. It also outlines the action research process, discusses what types of data are used, and provides exercises for the reader to start planning their own action research project, including conducting a SWOT analysis and developing research questions and objectives. Key aspects of action research plan development are discussed based on frameworks from McNiff and Whitehead.
This document discusses research methods for conducting surveys. It covers topics such as sampling, developing research questions, planning a survey, question types, and analyzing results. Some key points include:
- Sampling involves selecting a subset of a population to study. There are probability/random sampling methods and non-probability/convenience sampling methods.
- When planning a survey, researchers should consider who the respondents will be, what information they want to learn, and how to effectively collect that information.
- Questions should be clear, avoid bias and ambiguity, and not be leading. Common question types include closed-ended, open-ended, and scales.
- Analyzing results includes calculating the margin of error to determine accuracy based
Strategic science communication (Short Version): Delivered in Stellenbosch Se...John C. Besley
This is a shortened version of a talk I've prepared on science communication goals and objectives. I'll continue to update the presentation over time and appreciate the opportunity to talk about the ideas contained.
This document discusses what science is and is not. It begins by stating that science attempts to disprove ideas rather than prove them, and is concerned with understanding the natural world through observation and experimentation. It notes several misconceptions, such as the idea that science can prove anything or that there is a linear progression from hypothesis to theory to law. Good science minimizes bias through random sampling, appropriate measurement techniques, and independent verification. It emphasizes that science provides the most reliable knowledge about the natural world but does not claim certainty, only degrees of probability. Overall, the document provides a concise overview of the scientific process and addresses common misconceptions about the limitations and objectives of science.
The document discusses key aspects of science:
1. Science aims to understand the natural world through observation and testing of hypotheses, not to prove ideas.
2. Objectivity is important to good science - experiments must be designed to minimize bias.
3. Two main types of bias are sampling bias, from an unrepresentative sample, and measurement bias, from an inaccurate measurement method.
4. The scientific community uses independent verification of results and peer review to reduce bias in published findings.
The document discusses key aspects of science:
1. Science aims to understand the natural world through observation and testing of hypotheses, not to prove ideas.
2. Objectivity is important to good science - experiments must be designed to minimize bias.
3. Two main types of bias are sampling bias, from an unrepresentative sample, and measurement bias, from an inaccurate measurement method.
4. The scientific community uses independent verification of results and peer review to reduce bias in published findings.
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and accounting for multiple factors. Bias can come from the language used, data reported, and source of the data. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of results and peer review to eliminate bias.
The document discusses identifying bias in scientific studies. It states that good science minimizes bias through random sampling, minimizing measurement bias, and having a large enough sample size. Bias can influence results and different scientists may find different solutions to the same problem. The scientific community engages in quality control like independent duplication of studies and peer review to eliminate bias. Results are more reliable if verified through these methods.
A primary goal of mental health education is to increase awareness. This involves teaching children what mental health means, and how to maintain positive mental health. It is vital that youth understand the concept of self-care and that they are responsible for their own mental health.
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. FINER criteria of a good research question are: Feasible, Interesting, Novel, Ethical, Relevant.
2. A null hypothesis is a statistical hypothesis that predicts that no relationship exists between two variables.
3. The types of relationships that may exist between two variables are: positive, negative, or no relationship.
4. Read around comes first before read into. Read around gives a broad overview of the topic area, while read into involves an in-depth review.
5. The literature review is often called the "mother of the research" as it helps identify gaps and formulate the research question.
6. If we
The document summarizes key findings from the 2011 Public Attitudes to Science study in the UK. It found that while most of the public values science and sees its benefits, some remain concerned about regulation of scientists and potential negative consequences. Segmentation analysis identified groups with different levels of engagement, from "Confident Engagers" who are already highly engaged to "Indifferent" who are least engaged. Effective communication requires understanding these groups and their preferences to build understanding and trust in science.
This document provides information about how sociologists conduct research, including the steps they take to decide what to study, collect data, and analyze their findings. It discusses 1) how sociologists choose research topics based on their interests, current debates, and practical considerations like time and funding, 2) common methods for collecting data such as questionnaires, interviews, observations, case studies and longitudinal studies, and 3) important considerations for sociologists in collecting a sample and ensuring it is representative of the overall population. The document also defines key terms and concepts in sociological research.
Sociologists follow several steps when deciding what to research:
1. They choose a topic influenced by their interests, current debates, and practical issues like time and resources.
2. They read previous research on the topic.
3. They form a hypothesis or research question to focus the study.
4. They prepare a research design which may involve collecting primary or secondary data using various methods like surveys, observation, existing statistics, and documents. Sample selection is important to make generalizations about the overall population.
SRA 2016: Do Scientists who Study 'Risky' Topic Communicate MoreJohn C. Besley
Presentation analyzed data from scientists from across a range of scientific societies to assess the degree to which scientists' beliefs about the public's risk perceptions are associated with scientists' with past communication behavior, willingness to communicate, communication objectives, and communication goals. The primary predictor variables were whether the scientists said they thought the public saw (1) too little risk in their area, (2) too much risk in their area, and (3) whether scientists thought their area was controversial.
Research is a systematic investigation to discover new information or verify existing facts. It involves collecting data through objective analysis and experiments. The goals of research are to discover new facts, verify existing knowledge, analyze relationships, and develop new theories. People conduct research for various motivations such as obtaining an advanced degree, solving problems, gaining recognition, or satisfying curiosity. Research is important for advancing knowledge in many fields like science, technology, medicine, and social sciences. It provides solutions to problems and guidelines for government policies. Choosing appropriate research methods and methodology is essential for effectively planning and conducting research.
The research question is the most crucial element of any academic paper and the first and most important stage in the publication process. A paper with results that are unoriginal, predictable, or trivial is less likely to be published.
Race to the Top Presentation on Integrated UnitsArch Grieve
This document summarizes an annual conference for the Dayton Regional STEM School. It provides information about the school's mission, philosophy, approach, student demographics, and test scores. The school's mission is to prepare students for the global economy while nurturing enthusiasm for discovery. The school's philosophy focuses on developing persistence, inquiry, communication, creativity, and collaboration in students. The school engages students in authentic, real-world problems and assesses them in various ways. It also emphasizes meaningful relationships with various partners. The document outlines the school's approach to team-based planning and integrated project development in nine steps. It provides examples of projects integrating various subjects around essential questions.
Similar to China 2016; Being strategic in science communication (20)
2023 - MI Farm Bureau - Trust - How do you want to be perceived.pptxJohn C. Besley
Talk shared with the Michigan Farm Bureau Voice of Agriculture Conference in Traverse City, MI. Emphasis was on fostering a discussion about how the farm community could be more specific/strategic in trying to foster trust by demonstrating and communicating trustworthiness (i.e., ability/expertise, benevolence/caring, integrity, openness, shared values).
2022 - Book Talk: Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.pptxJohn C. Besley
This document discusses communication strategies for science engagement. It emphasizes the importance of:
1) Having clear and specific behavioral goals for target audiences rather than just general communication objectives. Goals could include increasing trust in scientists or influencing policymakers' funding decisions.
2) Understanding how communication objectives like shaping perceptions, emotions, and frames relate to behavioral goals, with objectives affecting goals indirectly.
3) Using evidence and social science theories to inform the choice of objectives and tactics, and evaluating their effectiveness, rather than just skills like storytelling. Strategic success requires achieving objectives that lead to goals.
4) Considering both fast, intuitive communication that relies on cognitive shortcuts, and slow, deliberative communication that aims to
SciPEP Goal Survey - Initial Thinking v2.pptxJohn C. Besley
This document discusses goals and objectives for scientists communicating their research to non-scientists. It proposes surveying scientists to understand their goals for communication and prioritization of different audiences and behavioral goals. The discussion focuses on categorizing goals as related to behavior, trust/legitimacy, or ensuring scientists make the best research decisions. It also considers asking scientists about priorities for communication objectives and perceptions of science communicators. The goal is to have an evidence-based understanding of scientists' communication goals to improve conversations around achieving those goals.
Workshop at SciTalk '22 on strategic science communication in which we make a strong argument for focusing on behavioral goals and communication objectives as beliefs, feelings, and frames.
2022 Talk for for NIH Office of AIDS Research and Sexual Gender and Minority ...John C. Besley
This is a 30 minute talk from 2022 for participants in a post bachelors degree fellows program provided the NIH Office of AIDS Research and the Sexual Gender and Minority Research Office. The talk includes some new slides, thinking on strategic science communication
2022 - Fostering Strategic Science Communication related to TrustJohn C. Besley
This document summarizes a presentation on strategic science communication. It discusses how most science communication training focuses on individual tactical skills rather than strategic goals and objectives. It advocates treating communication choices as behaviors that can be influenced by attitudes, norms, and efficacy beliefs. The presentation argues that communication objectives that target evaluative beliefs, feelings, and frames are key to effective strategic communication. It provides models for how trust is built and discusses researching communication choices as planned behaviors. The overall message is that science communicators should be clearer about their goals and objectives in order to be strategic and effective.
Brief webinar on science talks at SRA in which I emphasize being clear about your goal and thinking about what content to include to achieve that goal. You don't just have to talk about the science; you should talk about the impact, etc.
LTAR 2021 - Strategic Science Communication - A Focus on GoalsJohn C. Besley
Short talk (and long discussion) about the value of being strategic in science communication the context of the annual meeting of the Long Term Agroecosystem Research Network (LTAR).
Talk on Trust and Trustworthiness in the USAJohn C. Besley
This document discusses trust and trustworthiness in science and scientists in the USA. It presents data showing levels of confidence in various institutions like the military, scientific community, and Supreme Court over time. It differentiates between behavioral trust and trustworthiness beliefs, noting the importance for communication strategy. Building trust requires demonstrating trustworthiness through behaviors, what is said, and how it is communicated. While efforts to communicate trustworthiness are ethical, fostering these beliefs will take time and organizations cannot reach everyone. Scientific groups should work to genuinely be trustworthy and address any weaknesses in how they are perceived.
2021 PCST - Response to Mike Schaefer's KeynoteJohn C. Besley
Slides for brief response to Mike Schaefer's 2021 keynote on audience segmentation in which I agree with Mike but also argue for the importance of setting communication goals before segmenting.
2021 - Communicating Astronomy with the Public TalkJohn C. Besley
An updated version of the 'strategic science communication' talk for astronomy communicators. Focuses more deeply on the goals that might make the most sense for basic science researchers.
2021 Hubbard Brook - Three questions about trust buildingJohn C. Besley
These are the slides from a 30 minute discussion about how we might think about trust building in the context of stakeholder engagement activities. Key argument is to recognize why we want people to see us in certain ways and then to recognize the dimensions of 'people perceptions.' Ultimately, strategy is needed to prioritize and implement procedures that ensure that we self-present in the way we want to be seen.
These are the slides from my 2020 talk on what Society for Risk Analysis members think about the potential communication goal of ensuring policymakers consider scientific evidence when making decisions. Key message is that scientists are open to the society helping members pursue such goals and that the best predictor of support are perceived likelihood for impact, potential for engagement enjoyment, and ethicality.
2020 Slides to Support Short SRA Plenary TalkJohn C. Besley
This document summarizes 40 years of risk communication research. It discusses what is now known about the psychological processes underlying risk perceptions and decision making, the evaluative beliefs that influence risk behaviors, the importance of affect and emotions, and how to ethically use communication tactics to influence behaviors. However, it notes that more needs to be done to get the scientific community to apply a more scientific approach to risk communication and rebuild trust in science.
This document discusses a study of the culture of public engagement at Hubbard Brook and Harvard Forest research sites. It presents survey and interview findings about scientists' levels and types of public engagement activities, attitudes towards engagement, and priorities for engagement goals and objectives. The study aims to understand the engagement culture at the sites and whether engagement efforts should focus more on strategic goals and aligned tactics and communication objectives.
1) The document reports on surveys conducted in 2017 and 2019 of scientists at Hubbard Brook and Harvard Forest to understand their attitudes towards public engagement and perceptions of engagement staff.
2) The surveys found moderate levels of self-reported public engagement activities among scientists, with willingness and opportunities for different engagement types varying.
3) Perceptions of engagement staff were generally positive, seeing them as respectful and competent, though interactions were often indirect or infrequent.
4) Future work includes additional interviews and surveys to further understand drivers of engagement among scientists and how to better support long-term public engagement infrastructure.
This document summarizes the work of understanding public engagement culture at Hubbard Brook and Harvard Forest over 2.5 years. Interviews and surveys of scientists were conducted in 2017, 2019, and will continue in 2020+ to track changes in engagement culture and its impacts over the long term. The path to better science communication involves ensuring organizational support for scientists and collaboration. As long-term research institutions embedded in communities, Hubbard Brook and Harvard Forest have an opportunity to enhance their impacts through building a culture that seriously supports public engagement.
This presentation focused on scientists' goals for communication and made a point of differentiating behavioral goals from nearer-term communication objectives (i.e., beliefs, feelings, frames that result from different communication choices. The data used came from two surveys of scientists; one done in the United States and one done in Canada.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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China 2016; Being strategic in science communication
1. Thinking about objectives and
goals for science communication
John C. Besley, Ph.D. (Twitter: @johnbesley)
Ellis N. Brandt Chair
College of Communication Arts and Sciences
This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF, Grant AISL 14241214-421723. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
2. My objectives
1. You will think about engagement as a strategic
act that involves purposeful choice of long-term
goals and intermediate objectives.
2. You will think about engagement tactics and
skills in terms of whether they can help you
achieve your intermediate objectives.
4. Numbers vary … but scientists clearly engage
• 63% interacted with a journalist in last year
Dunwoody and Ryan, 1985
• 70% interacted with a journalist in last 3 years
Peters, Brossard, de Cheveigné, Dunwoody, 2008
• 51% have ever interacted with journalist
AAAS 2015
• 33% engaged directly with policy-makers
Royal Society 2006
• 24% blogged about science
AAAS 2015
• 13% worked with a science center/museum
Royal Society 2006
*All work done collaboratively with Anthony Dudo, U. Texas
5. 5
Our new survey data: U.S.-Based Scientific Societies
Type of society N Rate n* Avg. Age Male White
General 1,257 8% 1,064 62 69% 90%
Microbiology* 1,111 14% 634** 53 54% 60%
Geophysical 1,013 10% 877** 50 65% 89%
Geological 2,304 10% 666 50 67% 92%
Chemical# 1,257 5% 374** 51 68% 86%
Ecological 732 11% 339 53 60% 93%
* Respondents who are university affiliated and not a student and all societies except the
ecological society received 4 contacts (they received 3 contacts), **Sample for some reported
questions smaller because of sample splitting by engagement mode, # Survey still in progress
This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF, Grant AISL 14241214-421723. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
6. 6
Past Engagement previous 12 months (never) …
Type of society F2F News Online Policy
General 34% 45% 59% 58%
Microbiology 41% 54% 51% 70%
Geophysical 26% 38% 47% 59%
Geological 21% 41% 51% 62%
Chemical (TBD) 40% 62% 60% 77%
Ecological (TBD) 26% 38% 47% 59%
0.00-
9.99
10.00-
19.99
20.00-
29.99
30.00-
39.99
40.00-
49.99
50.00-
59.99
60.00-
69.99
70.00-
79.99
80.00-
89.99
90.00-
100.00
%
Many U.S. scientists
engage, especially
face-to-face
7. 7
Willingness to engage …
Type of society F2F Policy News Online
General 5.63 5.25 5.14 3.98
Microbiology 5.81 5.32 5.05 4.57
Geophysical 5.97 5.43 5.46 4.62
Geological 5.97 5.17 5.23 4.25
Chemical 5.38 4.64 4.58 4.20
Ecological 6.02 5.63 5.54 4.55
1.00-
1.49
1.50-
1.99
2.00-
2.49
2.50-
2.99
3.00-
3.49
3.50-
3.99
4.00-
4.49
4.50-
4.99
5.00-
5.49
5.50-
5.99
6.00-
6.49
6.50-
7.00
Typical SE is between .05 and .08Scientists want to engage,
especially face-to-face and
with policy makers
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
8. 8
Societal goals (for Face-to-Face engagement) …
Type of society Use
Evidence
Culture
Values
Better
Personal
Research
Funding
STEM
Careers
Diversify
STEM
General 6.34 6.15 5.59 5.52 5.29 5.05
Microbiology 6.38 6.31 5.80 5.78 5.46 5.22
Geophysical 6.40 6.06 5.50 5.00 5.03 5.08
Geological 6.35 6.09 5.66 5.15 5.41 5.00
Chemical (TBD) 6.11 6.18 5.62 5.51 5.28 5.03
Ecological (TBD) 6.54 6.04 5.76 5.09 5.07 5.26• Getting policy makers to use scientific evidence
• Helping ensure our culture values science
• Helping people use science to make better personal
decisions
• Obtaining adequate funding for scientific research
• Getting more young people to choose scientific
careers
• Helping to diversify the STEM workforce
9. 9
Societal goals (for Face-to-Face engagement) …
Type of society Use
Evidence
Value
Science
Better
Personal
Research
Funding
STEM
Careers
Diversify
STEM
General 6.34 6.15 5.59 5.52 5.29 5.05
Microbiology 6.38 6.31 5.80 5.78 5.46 5.22
Geophysical 6.40 6.06 5.50 5.00 5.03 5.08
Geological 6.35 6.09 5.66 5.15 5.41 5.00
Chemical 6.11 6.18 5.62 5.51 5.28 5.03
Ecological 6.54 6.04 5.76 5.09 5.07 5.26
1.00-
1.49
1.50-
1.99
2.00-
2.49
2.50-
2.99
3.00-
3.49
3.50-
3.99
4.00-
4.49
4.50-
4.99
5.00-
5.49
5.50-
5.99
6.00-
6.49
6.50-
7.00
Typical SE is between .05 and .08Scientists most want others
to draw on evidence and
value science culture
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
Very similar results for
other modalities (i.e. online,
media), when available
10. What happens if you get really good
at communicating the wrong stuff?
I don’t mean
bad content…
11. Most science communication training …
• Focuses on writing/speaking skills
• Focuses on honing YOUR message
• Understanding media/political norms
• Focuses on learning to use technology
12. What does it mean to be an “effective” communicator?
14. What do scientists want to ULTIMATELY
achieve through public engagement?
15. Most would say:
• Raise awareness of XYX topic
• Teach people about XYZ topic
• Correct myths about XYZ topic
• Get people interested in XYZ topic
• Build positive image of science
• Get people to think about XYZ topic in a new way
The may be good things … but I do not
think of them as ULTIMATE goals …
• Key question: Why do you
want to “raise awareness,” etc.
16. Very few people say:
• Seek a specific policy position (e.g. climate action)
• Seek more funding for science
• Seek more freedom for scientific endeavors
• Make the world healthier, wealthier, and wiser
• Promote science as a career*
To me … these are the ULTIMATE goals
(*this may be an intermediate objective)
17. Tactics, objectives, and goals
*Work done collaboratively with Anthony Dudo, U. Texas
Scientists may/should
also have personal
goals (enhance career
and sense of impact)
Channels provide
different
“affordances”
Not every
objective is
equally effective …
18. 1
Objective Prioritization (for Face-to-Face engagement) …
Very similar results for mediated, and online engagement
Type of
society
Inform/
Educate
Interest
/Excite
Defend
Science
Show
caring
Show
openness
Frame
Issue
Show
Values
Hear
Others
Show
Expert
General 6.21 5.99 5.77 5.73 5.50 5.30 5.33 5.16 4.86
Microbiology 6.27 6.01 6.03 5.78 5.47 5.38 5.37 5.23 4.97
Geophysical 6.20 5.86 5.58 5.45 5.36 5.22 4.99 4.88 4.69
Geological 6.19 5.93 5.91 5.57 5.40 5.15 5.15 4.88 4.91
Chemical 6.15 5.70 5.85 5.64 5.51 5.14 5.30 5.00 4.90
Ecological 6.03 5.97 5.44 5.33 5.07 4.98 5.33 4.96 4.31
• Helping to inform people about scientific issues
• Getting people interested or excited about
science
• Defending science from those who spread
falsehoods
• Showing that the scientific community cares
about society's well-being
• Demonstrating the scientific community's
openness and transparency
• Framing research implications so members of the
public think about a topic in a way that resonates
with their values
• Showing that scientists share community values
• Hearing what others think about scientific issues
• Showing the scientific community's expertise
19. 1
Objective Prioritization (for Face-to-Face engagement) …
Type of
society
Inform/
Educate
Interest
/Excite
Defend
science
Show
caring
Show
openness
Frame
issue
Show
values
Hear
others
Show
expert
General 6.21 5.99 5.77 5.73 5.50 5.30 5.33 5.16 4.86
Microbiology 6.27 6.01 6.03 5.78 5.47 5.38 5.37 5.23 4.97
Geophysical 6.20 5.86 5.58 5.45 5.36 5.22 4.99 4.88 4.69
Geological 6.19 5.93 5.91 5.57 5.40 5.15 5.15 4.88 4.91
Chemical 6.15 5.70 5.85 5.64 5.51 5.14 5.30 5.00 4.90
Ecological 6.03 5.97 5.44 5.33 5.07 4.98 5.33 4.96 4.31
1.00-
1.49
1.50-
1.99
2.00-
2.49
2.50-
2.99
3.00-
3.49
3.50-
3.99
4.00-
4.49
4.50-
4.99
5.00-
5.49
5.50-
5.99
6.00-
6.49
6.50-
7.00
Typical SE is between .05 and .08
Strongly Disagree Strongly Agree
BUT scientists love the
‘literacy’ objective …
29. Objective:
Build positive views
about science/scientists
Those involved in
science have
a generally
positive image?
2013 Harris poll on views
about professions
38. Tactics, objectives, and goals
*Work done collaboratively with Anthony Dudo, U. Texas
If not just
knowledge, what
else can we
focus on?
39. Tversksy, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981). The framing of
decisions and the psychology of choice. Science, 211, 453-458.
Classic work on heuristics …
40. Tversksy, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981). The framing of
decisions and the psychology of choice. Science, 211, 453-458.
41. “Frames are interpretive storylines that set a
specific train of thought in motion,
communicating why an issue might be a problem,
who or what might be responsible for it, and
what should be done about it.”
Objective: Put issue in new context (frame)
Nisbet, Matthew C. 2010. "Framing science: A new paradigm in public engagement." In
Communicating Science: New Agendas in Communication, edited by L. A. Kahlor and P. A. Stout, 40-67.
42. “Frames are interpretive storylines
that set a specific train of thought in
motion, communicating why an issue
might be a problem, who or what
might be responsible for it, and what
should be done about it.”
This is really about _______________ and how ____________ is/are
responsible for ____________. We therefore need to _____________.
This is really about Bill Gates copied Apple and how Microsoft is
responsible for copyright infringement. We therefore need to sue.
Re. How should we think about the origins of the graphical user interface?
This is really about Apple and Microsoft both borrowed an idea from
the public conversation (i.e., Xerox) and how no one is responsible for
damages. We therefore need to do nothing, except compete.
49. Tactics, objectives, and goals
What do they want to hear?
What might they want to say?
What do they think/feel about you?
How are they thinking about issues?
But don’t forget …
What are YOU trying to achieve?
What is the ethical path
to achieving it?
50. Logic model/Theories of change
We will you do:
___________
It will lead to:
___________
It will lead to:
___________
It will lead to:
___________
The impact will be:
___________
The impact will be:
___________
What skills do we need: ___________________
What resources do we need: _______________
What’s the first step: ______________________
How does this fit our needs: ________________
How does this fit our values: _______________
How will you know if you succeed: __________
+
51. Final thoughts I …
There are no
silver bullets
Not everyone
is reachable
It takes time
52. Final thoughts II …
It might be okay to
have a friend
photograph your
wedding … This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF, Grant AISL 14241214-421723. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
But sometimes
help is … helpful.
And there’s no
need to reinvent
the wheel …