Chemistry is the study of atoms, which are the building blocks of nature. Everything in our daily lives involves chemistry, from the soap we use to shower to the materials in our homes and the foods we eat. Chemical science has also improved our lives through new materials, better health products, cleaner energy sources, and more environmentally friendly production methods. It continues to look toward the future to develop new technologies and solutions that can further enhance our lives and world.
Soft drink manufacturing and marketing strategiessreek21
A presentation which describes the manufacturing processes of carbonated soft drinks as well as the marketing strategies employed by the leading soft drink manufacturers.
Soft drink manufacturing and marketing strategiessreek21
A presentation which describes the manufacturing processes of carbonated soft drinks as well as the marketing strategies employed by the leading soft drink manufacturers.
What is Air? What is atmosphere ?
Definition of Air Pollution.
Types of Air Pollution.
Sources of Air pollution.
Effects of Air pollution.
Prevention of Air pollution.
Solving Ideas
Conclusion.
You must know what chemistry is. It is one of the most important subjects of science, without whose knowledge a lot of work cannot be done in this world. Apart from this, we will also know in the article how this word originated?
What is Air? What is atmosphere ?
Definition of Air Pollution.
Types of Air Pollution.
Sources of Air pollution.
Effects of Air pollution.
Prevention of Air pollution.
Solving Ideas
Conclusion.
It is a short presentation on ways find out by group of students. And I believe in sharing whatever we have that's why I am uploading the whole presentation for you
What is Air? What is atmosphere ?
Definition of Air Pollution.
Types of Air Pollution.
Sources of Air pollution.
Effects of Air pollution.
Prevention of Air pollution.
Solving Ideas
Conclusion.
You must know what chemistry is. It is one of the most important subjects of science, without whose knowledge a lot of work cannot be done in this world. Apart from this, we will also know in the article how this word originated?
What is Air? What is atmosphere ?
Definition of Air Pollution.
Types of Air Pollution.
Sources of Air pollution.
Effects of Air pollution.
Prevention of Air pollution.
Solving Ideas
Conclusion.
It is a short presentation on ways find out by group of students. And I believe in sharing whatever we have that's why I am uploading the whole presentation for you
Similar to Chemistryinour community tcm18-76487 (2) (20)
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
2. The Chemical Universe
Chemistry is the study of atoms
Atoms are the building blocks of nature
How many atoms are there in a cup of
tea?
Chemical Science is shaping our future
15,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
3. Chemistry of Flowers
Smell a Flower
• The Fragrance is Chemistry
See a Flower
• The Colours are Chemistry
Touch a Flower
• The Structure is Chemistry
4. Chemistry in the Home
Everything in your home is Chemistry
Shower Gel, Wallpaper, Baked Beans…
Teflon™
was discovered by accident
Energy efficient, colour changing
buildings
5. Paints
Pigment
• Particles to add colour
Matte Paints
• Particles to add texture
Non-Drip Paints
• Polymers to change consistency
6. Improved Performance
Our leisure time has been changed by
Chemical Science
Computer parts, sports equipment
Carbon fibre is 3 times stronger than steel
Better flat screen displays
7. Flat Screen Displays
The past
• Cathode ray tubes
The present
• Liquid Crystals
• Plasma displays
The future
• Light emitting polymers
• Electronic Ink
8. Art and the Chemical Sciences are
linked
Art preservation
Chemistry is art
• Sense-ational
• Visual Elements
New materials for artists
Modern Masters
10. Cooking is Chemistry
Chemical changes are responsible for
changes in flavour and texture
Chemistry keeps food fresh
Most E-numbers are naturally
occurring
Healthy Cream Cakes!
12. Energy is Chemistry
Chemistry can be used to store energy
Batteries are chemistry
The Space Shuttle’s solid rockets burn
10 tonnes of fuel per second
Cleaner sources of energy
14. Green Chemistry
Chemical science that is
environmentally friendly
More efficient production of the
chemicals we need
53% of people recycle paper - only
23% recycle plastic
Cars powered by hydrogen
15. Organic Farming
Use of natural pesticides and fertilisers
Chemists isolate, develop and make these
Even organic pesticides are chemicals!
16. Fashion
Looking good is down to chemical science
2-in-1 shampoos, non-iron shirts
Toothpaste and paint have many similar
ingredients
Self-cleaning clothes
18. Healthier Lives
All medicines use chemical science
Clean water through chemical science
We live twice as long now as 100
years ago
Cures for Cancer, AIDS…
19. Asthma Drugs
Container
• Plastic shell
Active Ingredient
• Pharmaceutical
Spray Formation
• Aerosol
Image courtesy of GlaxoSmithKline
20. Biochemistry
Human body is made up of 100 trillion
cells
Adult body is 50-65% water
Carbon is key element in the body
22 amino acid structures
22. Chemical Science...
... is important to us all
… is the world around us
… is always looking to the future
… is more than you might have thought
Editor's Notes
Most people are familiar with Liquid Crystal Displays (watches, calculators, laptops etc.) and also Plasma displays (the extremely expensive flat screen TVs people envy in department stores). But other technology is being developed for flat screen technology.
New advances in LCD technology can make the screens flexible (currently they have to be sandwiched between glass) see
http://www.extra.research.philips.com/technologies/paintdisp/
For more details.
Light emitting polymer technology also allows flexible displays, but unlike LCD’s does not need a separate backlight. More information on the technology at
http://www.cdtltd.co.uk
The concept of electronic paper – displays that look and feel like a sheet of paper, with the same definition, is being developed with electronic ink technology. The advantage of this technology is that once an image is set, no more power is required. More information at:
http://www.eink.com
