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The document discusses the network layer and Internet Protocol (IP). It describes the basic role of the network layer in data networks and the characteristics of IP, including being connectionless, unreliable, and media independent. It also covers hierarchical addressing, routing, and packet forwarding between networks and subnetworks using routers and routing tables. Key concepts covered include IP header fields, grouping devices into logical subnetworks, and the use of routes, next hop addresses, and gateways to transport packets across networks.
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- OSPF is configured on the network with areas and interfaces assigned addresses according to the proposed scheme. A virtual link is also specified to connect the non-contiguous areas as required.
Network Layer & Transport Layer
Introduction to the Network Layer: Network layer services, packet switching, network layer performance, IPv4 addressing, forwarding of IP packets, Internet Protocol, ICMPv4, Mobile IP Unicast Routing: Introduction, routing algorithms, unicast routing protocols. Next generation IP: IPv6 addressing, IPv6 protocol, ICMPv6 protocol, transition from IPv4 to IPv6. Introduction to the Transport Layer: Introduction, Transport layer protocols (Simple protocol, Stop-and-wait protocol, Go-Back-n protocol, Selective repeat protocol, Bidirectional protocols), Transport layer services, User datagram protocol, Transmission control protocol
ipbasics.ppt
This document provides an overview of IP and networking basics. It discusses the origins of TCP/IP which was developed by ARPA to create a distributed and decentralized network. It then covers the OSI model and compares it to the TCP/IP architecture. The networking layer uses IP to provide addressing and routing functions across different underlying networks. IP addressing is hierarchical, using both network and host portions. Special addresses like broadcast and loopback are also defined.
IP Address
IP is the protocol that governs how data is sent between devices on the internet. Each device has a unique IP address that is used to route data packets to the correct destination. IP addresses are numerical identifiers composed of four groups of numbers separated by periods. IP provides an unreliable connectionless delivery service and handles fragmentation of data into packets that may arrive out of order.
Network Layer
A research paper on the concept of network layer explaining its terminologies, uses, and functionalities.
This paper was presented by me as an NTCC report in 2nd Year of B.Tech Computer Science.
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chapter_5
- 1. OSI Network Layer Network Fundamentals – Chapter 5
- 26. Summary