Chapter11 section01 Describing Chemical Reactions By Hamdy Karim.

11.1

Describing Chemical Reactions

On May 6, 1937, the huge airship
Hindenburg erupted into a fireball.
Within a short time, 210,000 cubic
meters of hydrogen had burned and
the airship was destroyed. The
chemical reaction that occurred is
“hydrogen combines with oxygen to
produce water.” You will learn to
represent this chemical reaction by a
chemical equation.
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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

11.1

Describing Chemical
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Writing Chemical Equations

How do you write a word equation?

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Word Equations
To write a word equation, write
the names of the reactants to the
left of the arrow separated by plus
signs; write the names of the
products to the right of the arrow,
also separated by plus signs.
Reactant + Reactant  Product +
Product
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11.1

Describing Chemical
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Methane + Oxygen  Carbon dioxide +
Water

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11.1

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iron + oxygen → iron(III) oxide

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Hydrogen Peroxide  Water and Oxygen

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Chemical Equations
A chemical equation is a representation of
a chemical reaction; the formulas of the
reactants (on the left) are connected by an
arrow with the formulas of the products (on
the right).

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How do you write a skeleton equation?

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Write the formulas of the
reactants to the left of the
yields sign (arrow) and the
formulas of the products to the
right.

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A skeleton equation is a chemical
equation that does not indicate the
relative amounts of the reactants
and products.
Here is the equation for rusting:
Fe + O2  Fe2O3

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Describing Chemical
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A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the
reaction but is not used up in the reaction.
Without Catalyst

With Catalyst

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Animation 12
Relate chemical symbols and formulas to the
information they communicate.

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Practice Problems for Conceptual Problem 11.1

Problem Solving 11.2 Solve Problem
2 with the help of an interactive guided
tutorial.
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11.1

Describing Chemical
Reactions

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Balancing Chemical Equations

What are the steps in writing a balanced
chemical equation?

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Describing Chemical
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To write a balanced chemical equation,
first write the skeleton equation. Then
use coefficients to balance the equation
so that it obeys the law of conservation
of mass.

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This is a balanced equation for making a
bicycle. The numbers are called coefficients
—small whole numbers that are placed in
front of the formulas in an equation in order to
balance it.

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Describing Chemical
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A chemical reaction is also described by a
balanced equation in which each side of the
equation has the same number of atoms of
each element and mass is conserved.

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Describing Chemical
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Simulation 11
Sharpen your skills by balancing chemical
equations.

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tutorial.
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tutorial.
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11.1 Section Quiz.

Assess students’ understanding
of the concepts in Section 11.1.
Continue to:

-or-

Launch:

Section Quiz

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11.1 Section Quiz.
1. Propane gas reacts with oxygen to produce
water vapor and carbon dioxide. Choose the
correct word equation for this reaction.
a. propane + carbon dioxide → water +
oxygen
b. propane + oxygen + water → carbon
dioxide
c. propane + oxygen + water + carbon
dioxide
d. propane + oxygen → water + carbon
dioxide
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11.1 Section Quiz.
2. Which of the following is a skeleton equation?
a. H2 + CO → CH3OH
b. 2H2 + CO → CH3OH
c. 2H2 + CO2 → CH3OH
d. hydrogen + carbon monoxide → methanol

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11.1 Section Quiz.
3. What coefficient for H2SO4 is required to
balance the following equation?
Ca3(PO4)2 + ____ H2SO4 → 3CaSO4 + 2H3PO4
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
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Chapter11 section01 Describing Chemical Reactions By Hamdy Karim.

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