The document provides guidance on safety procedures for bunkering operations and precautions to take before, during, and after bunkering. It outlines the key steps in the bunkering process, including preparing equipment and tanks, monitoring the operation, and confirming fuel quantities received. Potential hazards like fires or spills are addressed through requirements for plugging scuppers, standing by with oil spill equipment, and following proper valve line-ups.

1. CARE FOR PERSONS
ON BOARD AND
ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER -9

2. INTRODUCTION
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to today's presentation where we embark on a journey
centered around safety, emphasizing the dual commitment to the well-being of
individuals on board and the preservation of our environment. In the next few slides, we
will delve into the intricacies of our safety protocols, shedding light on the critical
importance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and tailored precautions designed
for a spectrum of tasks.
As we navigate through the challenges presented by diverse job requirements, our
primary focus remains unwavering – ensuring that every task is executed not only with
efficiency but, more importantly, with a steadfast dedication to the safety of those on
board and the sustainability of our surroundings.

3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
01
03
02
04
WHAT IS PPE? PPE BENEFITS
TYPES OF PERMITS AND
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS PRIOR
BUNKERING

4. WHAT IS PPE?
01

5. PERSONAL
PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
(PPE) AT WORK
PPE IS THE MOST BASIC SAFETY

6. PPE
Welcome to the segment where we discuss the
crucial role of Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) on board. Whether at sea or in any
operational environment, PPE is the frontline
defense against potential hazards, ensuring the
safety and well-being of every individual. Let's
navigate through the specific considerations and
applications of PPE tailored to our on-board
operations.

7. PPE BENIFITS
02

8. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
1.Safety Helmet:
• Purpose: The safety helmet is designed to protect
the head from impact, falling objects, and
electrical hazards. It ensures the safety of
individuals working in environments where there
is a risk of head injuries.
2.Safety Goggles:
• Purpose: Safety goggles are intended to shield
the eyes from various hazards such as chemical
splashes, flying debris, or particles. They provide
essential eye protection in workplaces where
there is a risk of eye injuries.
3.Ear Muffs:
• Purpose: Ear muffs serve the purpose of
protecting the wearer's hearing from excessive
noise levels. They are crucial in environments
where loud machinery or equipment is present to
prevent noise-induced hearing loss.

9. 4. Face Mask:
○ Purpose: Face masks, including N95 respirators and surgical masks, are
designed to protect the wearer from inhaling airborne particles, viruses,
and contaminants. They play a critical role in preventing the spread of
respiratory infections and safeguarding respiratory health.
5. Boiler Suit:
○ Purpose: The boiler suit, or coverall, serves as full-body protection against
chemical spills, contaminants, and other workplace hazards. It ensures
that the wearer is shielded from head to toe, minimizing the risk of
exposure to harmful substances.
6. Hand Gloves:
○ Purpose: Hand gloves are intended to protect the hands from cuts,
abrasions, chemicals, and other hazards. They provide a barrier between
the skin and potential sources of harm, ensuring the safety and well-being
of the hands.
7. Safety Shoes:
○ Purpose: Safety shoes are designed to protect the feet from crushing,
punctures, and impacts. They play a crucial role in preventing foot injuries
in environments where heavy objects or machinery may pose a risk.
8. Safety Harness:
○ Purpose: Safety harnesses are essential for individuals working at heights.
They provide fall protection by securing the wearer to an anchorage point,
preventing injuries in the event of a fall.

10. LOCATION OF ALL LIFESAVING AND
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Lifesaving Equipment:
1.Lifebuoys:
1. Location: Mounted on railings or stored in designated brackets on open decks.
2. How to Use: Throw lifebuoys to a person in distress, making sure the person can reach and
hold onto the buoy.
2.Lifejackets:
1. Location: Stored in easily accessible locations, such as cabins or designated storage areas
on board.
2. How to Use: Wear the lifejacket, ensuring it is properly fastened and adjusted to fit snugly.
Follow any instructions on the lifejacket for inflation.
3.Life Rafts:
1. Location: Stored in designated containers on open decks or at specific locations on board.
2. How to Use: Deploy life rafts according to the vessel's emergency procedures. Board the
life raft safely and follow instructions for survival.
4.Lifeboats:
1. Location: Suspended from davits on the ship's deck.
2. How to Use: Lower lifeboats using the ship's launching system. Follow proper procedures
for boarding and launching.

11. LOCATION OF ALL LIFESAVING AND
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT
1.EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon):
1. Location: Usually stored in a readily accessible location.
2. How to Use: Activate the EPIRB in the event of an emergency. The device will transmit a
distress signal with the vessel's location to search and rescue authorities.
2.SART (Search and Rescue Transponder):
1. Location: Typically stored with lifesaving equipment.
2. How to Use: Activate the SART in the vicinity of a ship or aircraft in distress. It will provide
radar signals to assist in locating the distressed vessel.
Firefighting Equipment:
1.Fire Extinguishers:
1. Location: Distributed throughout the vessel, especially in accommodation areas,
machinery spaces, and near potential fire hazards.
2. How to Use: Pull the pin, aim the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire, squeeze the
handle, and sweep from side to side.
2.Fire Hose Reels:
1. Location: Mounted in strategic locations, such as hallways or near potential fire sources.
2. How to Use: Unwind the hose, open the valve, and direct the stream of water at the base
of the fire.

12. LOCATION OF ALL LIFESAVING AND
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT
1.Fireman's Outfit (PPE):
1. Location: Stored in designated lockers.
2. How to Use: Don the protective clothing and breathing apparatus as per training. Follow
firefighting procedures and coordinate with the team.
2.Fire Blankets:
1. Location: Found in galley areas or other locations with a potential for cooking-related
fires.
2. How to Use: Pull the blanket from its container and carefully place it over the fire to
smother it.
Communication and Safety Systems:
1.GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System):
1. Location: Integrated communication equipment on the vessel.
2. How to Use: Follow GMDSS protocols for distress, urgency, and safety communication.
Includes emergency frequencies, satellite communication, and automated distress
alerting.

13. LOCATION OF ALL LIFESAVING AND
FIREFIGHTING EQUIPMENT
Pollution Control:
1.SOPEP (Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan):
1. Location: Onboard documentation and equipment for responding to oil pollution
incidents.
2. How to Use: Activate the SOPEP procedures and use the provided equipment to contain
and control oil spills.
Other Equipment:
1.Air Compressors:
1. Location: Typically found in designated machinery spaces.
2. How to Use: Use air compressors to supply compressed air for various shipboard
systems, including starting and stopping of main and auxiliary engines, pneumatic tools,
and other applications.

14. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS FACED BY A DECK
SEAMAN
1. Slips, Trips, and Falls:
• Hazard: Slippery decks, uneven surfaces, and unpredictable weather conditions can lead to
slips, trips, and falls.
• Prevention: Regular deck maintenance, use of non-slip surfaces, and proper footwear with
good traction.
2. Manual Handling and Lifting:
• Hazard: Deck seamen often engage in manual handling tasks, such as lifting heavy
equipment or cargo, which can lead to musculoskeletal injuries.
• Prevention: Training in proper lifting techniques, using mechanical aids, and implementing
team lifting when handling heavy loads.
3. Falling Overboard:
• Hazard: The risk of falling overboard during various activities, such as maintenance work or
while handling mooring lines.
• Prevention: Wearing personal flotation devices (PFDs), maintaining a secure footing, and
following strict safety protocols during deck operations.

15. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS FACED BY A DECK
SEAMAN
4. Noise Exposure:
• Hazard: Deck machinery, engines, and other equipment generate high levels of noise,
potentially causing hearing damage.
• Prevention: Use of hearing protection, regular health checks, and rotating crew members to
limit continuous exposure.
5. Entanglement and Crush Hazards:
• Hazard: Working with winches, cables, and other machinery poses the risk of entanglement or
crush injuries.
• Prevention: Strict adherence to safety protocols, proper use of protective clothing, and
maintaining a safe distance from moving machinery.
6. Chemical Exposure:
• Hazard: Contact with cleaning agents, paints, fuels, and other chemicals used on board can
result in skin irritation or respiratory issues.
• Prevention: Proper training on handling chemicals, use of personal protective equipment
(PPE), and adherence to safety data sheets.

16. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS FACED BY A DECK
SEAMAN
7. Weather Conditions:
• Hazard: Exposure to adverse weather conditions, including high winds, heavy rain, and
extreme temperatures.
• Prevention: Wearing weather-appropriate clothing, securing equipment during adverse
weather, and following safety protocols in different weather situations.
8. Confined Spaces:
• Hazard: Deck seamen may need to enter confined spaces for maintenance or inspection,
posing risks such as poor air quality and limited escape routes.
• Prevention: Strict adherence to confined space entry procedures, proper training, and use of
gas detection equipment.
9. Vibration Exposure:
• Hazard: Continuous exposure to vibrations from machinery, engines, or equipment can lead
to vibration-related disorders.
• Prevention: Regular breaks, use of anti-vibration tools, and monitoring and addressing early
signs of vibration-related issues.

17. OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS FACED BY A DECK
SEAMAN
10. Working at Heights:
• Hazard: Deck seamen often work at heights during tasks such as rigging, maintenance, or
cargo handling.
• Prevention: Use of fall protection equipment, secure footing, and strict adherence to safety
procedures for working at heights.
• Deck seamen face these hazards as part of their routine activities, and mitigating these risks
requires a combination of proper training, adherence to safety protocols, and the use of
appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Regular safety drills and ongoing education
contribute to the overall safety of the crew at sea

18. TYPES OF
PERMITS AND
SAFETY
03

19. What is the purpose of a work permit?
1. Working onboard merchant ships can be hazardous and at times dangerous.
From welding sparks to cutting metal sheets, entering enclosed/restricted
spaces as well as handling chemicals and electrical work. These jobs are prone
to minor incidents which if not properly handled can escalate.
2. Work permits as instituted in the Safety Management System are a systematic
process used to authorize work/jobs onboard with potentially hazardous
conditions.The process includes risk assessment, the establishment of safety
protocol,communication, and oversight to minimize or eliminate environmental,
health, and safety risks.

20. HOW MANY TYPES OF WORK PERMITS?
Work permits are categorized onboard depending on the nature of the task and
the hazards involved
in it.
THERE ARE SOME WORK PERMIT’S -
Hot work permits,
Cold work permits,
Enclosed space entry permits,
Working aloft permits ( working over side permit),
Electrical work permits,

21. HOT WORK PERMIT
Hot work permits must be accomplished prior to jobs like welding and cutting steel,
pipes, sheets, etc. Master and Chief Mate/Chief Engineer should be satisfied before
approval of such permit. If work is done in port, proper authorities must also be
informed. Fire safety precautions and measures must be properly observed as well as
the establishment of a fire watch.

22. COLD WORK PERMIT
Cold work permit covers those tasks that are not part of hot work. These include
disconnecting pipes, and fitting valves, blanks, or blinds. It also covers tasks that cannot
create a source of ignition or generate temperature conditions likely to be of sufficient
intensity to cause ignition.

23. ENCLOSED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT
Entry into the enclosed space permit covers jobs like cleaning ballast tanks which
may include top-side tanks, double-bottom tanks, and for or aft peak tanks. Such a
permit would allow the crew to check the oxygen content of a particular tank and
monitor other gases. Communication must be established with the lookout so as to
respond immediately when an incident occurs

24. WORKING ALOFT PERMIT
A working aloft permit is required for any work that is to be done more than two
meters on any deck surface. These tasks include maintenance work on the deck crane,
painting of the superstructure and funnel, as well as other deck maintenance that would
require the use of scaffolding, bosun’s chair, or staging. Safety precautions and gear
must be established to avoid injury. Working aloft or overside means a work being
performed at a height and involves risk of falling, resulting in an injury.

25. ELECTRICAL WORK PERMIT
Maintenance on the monkey deck would most likely require an electrical work permit
when the Electrician checks the scanner of Radar ARPA, ECDIS, GPS, and other
equipment. Proper signage must be placed to avoid inadvertent use of any equipment.
Proper personal protective equipment must be used to avoid the electrocution of any
crew.

26. PRECAUTIONS
PRIOR
BUNKERING
04

27. WHAT IS BUNKERING?
Bunkering procedure is one such operation on a
ship which has been the reason for several
accidents in the past. Bunkering on a ship can be
of fuel oil, sludge, diesel oil, cargo etc. Bunkering
of fuel or diesel oil requires utmost care and
alertness to prevent any kind of fire accident or oil
spill.

28. Bunkering Operation Procedure
 The bunkering procedure on a ship can be divided into three important stages:
 Preparation– Preparing for the bunkering operation which will involve the
readiness of bunkering equipment, storage tanks and bunkering safety
 Perform– Performing the bunkering operation in real time as per the
pre-decided procedure and receiving the marine fuel according to the bunker
plan
 Wrap-up– Wrapping up the bunkering operation with utmost safety and
ensuring the correct amount and quality of bunker fuel has been received
onboard from the bunkering facilities (bunker ship or shore truck etc.)

29. BEFORE BUNKERING OPERATION
 Chief Engineer should be calculate and plan how much quantity of fuel oil and
lube oil will bunker.
 First placed a fenders at which side is bunkering occur.
 Take sounding of each tank in which oil will be bunkered.
 All scuppers should be plugged properly.
 Check bunkering flange.
 Hoist a BRAVO flag.
 Ready with all SOPEP equipment's.
 All save all trays are to be Plugged.
 Put a no smoking board at bunkering side.
 Overflow tank to be kept empty.
 Open all valves from which side we bunkering.
 Close all valves of opposite side’s bunkering.
 Turn off radar, central AC , engine blower, etc.

30. DURING BUNKERING PROCEDURE
 During the start of the bunker, the pumping rate is kept low; this is done to check that
the oil is coming to the tank to which the valve is opened
 The ship staff must track the sounding of selected bunkering tank and other tanks
which are not involved in the operation to ensure oil is only going to the selected tank
 After confirming the oil is coming to the proper tank, the pumping rate is increased as
agreed before.
 The max allowable to which tank is filled is 90 %, and when the tank level reaches
about to maximum level.
 The temperature of the bunker oil is also to be checked; generally, the barge or
supplier will provide the bunker temperature.
 A continuous sample is taken during bunkering with the help of sampling cock at the
manifold.

31. AFTER BUNKERING PROCEDURE
 Once the bunker is finished, it is a general practice to air blow the bunkering
supply line for discharging all the oil trapped in the pipelines. At this stage,
ensure all sounding pipe caps are closed and keep a watch on those storage
tank vents which are at its maximum limit.
 Draught and trim of the ship is checked.
 Take sounding of all the tanks bunkered.
 Four samples are taken during bunkering. One is kept onboard, one for the
bunker ship or barge, one for analysis, one for port state or IMO.
 The chief engineer will sign the bunker receipt (BDN) and the amount of
bunker received.
 After everything is settled, the hose connection is removed
 The sample is sent for laboratory analysis

32. SOPEP LOCKER EQUIPMENTS
 SOPEP locker equipment's are –
 OS dispersant
 Sawdust
 Rags
 Absorbent pads
 Oil kit bags
 Scoops
 Shovel
 Brooms & brushes
 Buckets
 Drums( 200 liter)
 Rubber suits/boots/gloves
 Wilden pump with hoses

33. “LIVING WITH YOUR MISTAKES IS
HARDER THAN YOU THINK…...”
WEAR YOUR SAFETY GEAR

34. 80% ACCIDENTS ON
BOARD HAPPENS DUE
TO PPE NEGLIGENCE

35. THANK YOU