During this time period in the US, racism led to widespread segregation and discrimination. Segregation was legal and enforced in the South through Jim Crow laws, which separated public spaces by race. Violence against African Americans was also common, with over 1,400 lynchings from 1882-1892 alone. The 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court ruling established the "separate but equal" doctrine, allowing racial segregation to continue for decades. Discrimination also affected other groups like Mexican, Asian, and Native Americans through systems like debt peonage.

1. Chapter 8 Section 3 Segregation and Discrimination

2. Racism during this time period… Segregation almost every aspect of southern society was segregated by law. schools and neighborhoods in many northern cities were segregated. Violence/ Lynchings White southerners used violence to prevent Africans Americans from demanding equality Racial violence in the north was more random and less systematic.

3. Racism during this time period… Voting Rights following reconstruction African Americans were deprived of their right to vote. denied them political power and allowed whites to run the government any way they chose. Voting Limitations Grandfather clause Poll tax Literacy Tests

4. Jim Crow Laws Southern states passed these laws to enforce segregation. Separated black and white people in public and private places. Schools, hospitals, parks, and transportation systems are examples.

5. Ida B. Wells Teacher turned newspaper editor in Memphis, TN. Wrote about 3 friends who were lynched. Fought against violence and discrimination by writing, lecturing, and organizing groups.

6. Plessy v. Ferguson May 18, 1896 Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal and did not violate 14 th Amendment. Established “separate but equal” doctrine. The decision lasted for almost 60 years.

7. Violence Blacks were often accused of violating “the racial etiquette” and faced severe punishment including death. From 1882 – 1892, more than 1,400 African Americans were shot, burned, or hanged without a trial in the south. Lynching: to execute without due process.

8. Western Discrimination Racial tensions affected Mexicans, Asians, Native Americans, and African Americans. Debt Peonage: a system that bound laborers into slavery in order to work off a debt to the employer. Chinese immigrants were segregated into neighborhoods and schools. Ch. 7 – Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

9. Dawn of Mass Culture Leisure Amusement Parks – Coney Island 1884 Bicycling and Tennis Coca Cola – 1886 Atlanta Baseball & Boxing National League – 1876 American League – 1900

10. Literature and Fine Arts Joseph Pulitzer – innovations in newspapers William Randolph Hearst Sensational newspaper stories. Tried to compete with Pulitzer Mark Twain Novelist & Humorist Wrote American classics such as the adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

11. Shopping Marshall Field Chicago 1865 Opened first department store Chain Stores Catalogs and RFD