Constructors are special methods in Java that are used to initialize objects. There are two types of constructors: default or no-argument constructors that initialize fields to default values if no other constructor is defined, and parameterized constructors that allow initializing fields with custom values passed as arguments. Constructors can be overloaded like methods to allow creating objects in different ways depending on the number, type, and order of parameters.
Slide 2:
What are the Constructor & destructor ?
Slide 3:
Characteristics of Constructor
Slide 4:
Special CHaracteristics of Destructor
Slide 5:
Similarities
Slide 6:
Dissimilarities
Slides 7:
Default Constructor with example
Slide 8:
Parameterized Constructor
Slide 9:
Copy Constructor with example
Slide 10:
Destructor
Slide 11:
Bibliography
Constructor are almost similar to methods except for two things
Name is same as the class name
It has no return type
Constructor in java is used to create the instance of the class
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Slide 2:
What are the Constructor & destructor ?
Slide 3:
Characteristics of Constructor
Slide 4:
Special CHaracteristics of Destructor
Slide 5:
Similarities
Slide 6:
Dissimilarities
Slides 7:
Default Constructor with example
Slide 8:
Parameterized Constructor
Slide 9:
Copy Constructor with example
Slide 10:
Destructor
Slide 11:
Bibliography
Constructor are almost similar to methods except for two things
Name is same as the class name
It has no return type
Constructor in java is used to create the instance of the class
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. Blue Ridge Public School
Standard X
Computer Applications – Chapter – 7 - Constructors
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2. Topics
• What are Constructors?
• Need for Constructors
• Types of Constructors
• Parameterized Constructors
• Constructor Overloading
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3. What are Constructors?
• A constructor in Java is a block of code similar to a method
that is called when an instance of an object is created
• It is a special method that is used to initialize a newly created
object
• Java constructor is invoked at the time of object creation
• It constructs the values i.e. provides data for the object that is
why it is known as constructor
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4. What are Constructors – cont.
• Key differences between a constructor and a method
• A constructor doesn’t have a return type (not even void) since
the basic aim is to place the value in the object. If we write the
return type for the constructor then that constructor will be
treated as ordinary method
• The name of the constructor must be the same as the name of
the class
• Constructor definitions should not be static as constructors will
be called each and every time, whenever an object is created
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5. What are Constructors – cont.
• Unlike methods, constructors are not considered members of a
class
• A constructor is called automatically when a new instance of an
object is created
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Method Constructor
Method can be any user
defined name
Constructor must be class
name
Method should have return
type
It should not have any return
type (even void)
Method should be called
explicitly either with object
reference or class reference
It will be called automatically
whenever object is created
Method is not provided by
compiler in any case
The java compiler provides a
default constructor if we do
not have any constructor
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6. Need for Constructors
• It can be cumbersome to initialize all variables in a call each
time an instance of a class in created
• Constructors are mainly created for initializing the object
• Initialization is a process of assigning user defined values at
the time of allocation of memory space
• An advantage of constructors in Java is it eliminates placing
the default values
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7. Need for Constructors – cont.
• Whenever we create an object of any class, memory is
allocated memory for all the data members and their
values are initialized to their default values
• To eliminate these default values by user defined values
we use constructor
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8. Constructor Example
class Programming
{ //constructor method
Programming()
{
System.out.println("Constructor method called.");
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Programming object = new Programming(); //creating object
}
}
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9. Types of Constructors
• Based on creating objects in Java, constructor are classified in
two types. They are:
• Default or no argument Constructor
• Parameterized Constructor
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10. Types of Constructors – cont.
Default or no argument Constructor
• A constructor that has no parameter is known as default
constructor
• If we do not define a constructor in a class, then compiler
creates default constructor(with no arguments) for the class
• If we write a constructor with arguments or no-argument then
compiler does not create default constructor
Default constructor provides the default values to the object like
0, null etc. depending on the type
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11. Types of Constructors – cont.
• Example of default constructor
• In this example, we are creating the no-argument constructor in
the Bike class
• It will be invoked at the time of object creation
class Bike
{
Bike()
{
System.out.println("Bike is created");
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Bike b=new Bike ();
}
}
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12. Types of Constructors – cont.
• If there is no constructor in a class, compiler automatically
creates a default constructor
• The default constructor is a constructor that the Java
compiler adds to your code if no explicit constructor is
available
• If you have added your own constructor (no matter whether
it's without parameters or with parameters) the compiler will
not add the default constructor in this case
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13. Types of Constructors – cont.
• Parameterized Constructor
• A constructor that has parameters is known as parameterized
constructor
• If we want to initialize fields of the class with your own values,
then use parameterized constructor
• This type of constructor accepts parameters and initializes the
data members based on the arguments passed to it
• A parameter is a variable in a method definition. When a method is
called, the arguments are the data you pass into the method's
parameters
public void MyMethod(String myParam) { }
...
String myArg1 = "this is my argument"; myClass.MyMethod(myArg1);
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14. Types of Constructors – cont.
• Example of parameterized constructor
class Student4{
int id;
String name;
Student4(int i,String n){
id = i;
name = n;
}
void display()
{
System.out.println(id+" "+name);
}
public static void main(String args[]){
Student4 s1 = new Student4(111,"Karan");
Student4 s2 = new Student4(222,"Aryan");
s1.display();
s2.display();
}
}
• In this example, we have created the constructor of Student class that has two parameters
• We can have any number of parameters in the constructor
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15. Constructor Overloading
• Constructor overloading is a technique in Java in which a class
can have any number of constructors that differ in parameter
lists
• Like methods, we can overload constructors for creating
objects in different ways
• Compiler differentiates constructors on the basis of numbers
of parameters, types of the parameters and order of the
parameters
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16. Constructor Overloading – cont.
• Example of Constructor Overloading
class Student5{
int id;
String name;
int age;
Student5(int i,String n){
id = i;
name = n;
}
Student5(int i,String n,int a){
id = i;
name = n;
age=a;
}
void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name+" "+age);}
public static void main(String args[]){
Student5 s1 = new Student5(111,"Karan");
Student5 s2 = new Student5(222,"Aryan",25);
s1.display();
s2.display();
}
}
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17. Constructor Overloading – cont.
class Demo{
int value1;
int value2;
Demo(){
value1 = 10;
value2 = 20;
System.out.println("Inside 1st Constructor");
}
Demo(int a){
value1 = a;
System.out.println("Inside 2nd Constructor");
}
Demo(int a,int b){
value1 = a;
value2 = b;
System.out.println("Inside 3rd Constructor");
}
public void display(){
System.out.println("Value1 === "+value1);
System.out.println("Value2 === "+value2);
}
public static void main(String args[]){
Demo d1 = new Demo();
Demo d2 = new Demo(30);
Demo d3 = new Demo(30,40);
d1.display();
d2.display();
d3.display();
}
}
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Output
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