The document discusses accessing and using the command line interface (CLI) of Cisco switches. It describes three methods for accessing the CLI - console, Telnet, and SSH. It also explains the different modes of the CLI, including user mode, privileged mode, and configuration mode, and how to store configurations on the switch for persistence through reboots.

1. Using the Command-Line
Interface
This topic is very important before you configure or verify the cisco
router and switches.
CLI – Command Line Interface
No specific exam topics included in this chapter.
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2. Accessing the Cisco Catalyst Switch CLI
• CLI – Command Line Interface:
• The CLI is a text-based interface in which the user, typically a network engineer, enters a text
command and presses Enter.
• Pressing Enter send a command to the brain of the device i.e., Control Plane, to do something.
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3. Cisco Catalyst Switches
• 2960-XR model is the leading switch manufactured by Cisco
• Cisco refers to a switch’s physical connectors as either interfaces or ports.
• Normally called as Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet – 10 , 100 ,1000.
• Namings :
• Its always good to name them with Fa Slot/Port ex., Fa 0/1 or Fa0/2 sometimes Fa FPC/Slot/Port
Slot 0
Slot 1
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4. Accessing the Cisco IOS CLI
• Like any other hardware’s, cisco also needs Operating System and we call it as IOS – Internetwork
Operating System
The switch CLI can be accessed through three popular methods
1.Console – Using a Serial cable one end to the router other end to PC
2. Telnet – Remote access - Not Encrypted. – Port Number 23
3. SSH - Remote access – Encrypted - Port Number 22
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5. Cabling the Console Connection
• The connections can be with RJ45, USB Port, USB Console
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6. • The default console port settings on a switch are as follows.
9600 bits/second
No hardware flow control
8-bit ASCII
No parity bits
1 stop bit
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7. Accessing the CLI with Telnet and SSH
• Telnet uses the concept of a Telnet client (the terminal application) and a Telnet server (the switch in this
case).
• SSH encrypts the contents of all messages, including the passwords, avoiding the possibility of someone
capturing packets in the network and stealing the password to network devices.
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8. User and Enable (Privileged) Modes
• When we access the device by any of the above 3 methods the CLI places the user in User Exec mode or
user mode, allows the user to look around but not break anything.
• Exec mode is self explanatory You enter a command and it will display something.
• More Powerful Exec mode is Privileged mode or enable mode, this name came because we have to type
enable from user mode to move to this mode.
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9. Password Security for CLI Access from the Console
• Passwords can be configured in two modes 1. When someone login 2. When they move to any other
modes.
• The enable secret love configuration command defines the password that all users must use to reach
enable mode.
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10. Practical Demo Rec 4
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11. Cisco IOS Software Command Help
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13. The debug and show Commands
• Show commands is the one of most important and famous command.
• It has a large variety of options, and with those options, you can find the status of almost every feature of
Cisco IOS.
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14. Configuring Cisco IOS Software
• Configuration mode is another mode for the Cisco CLI, similar to user mode and privileged mode.
• User mode ( R1> ) lets you issue nondisruptive commands and displays some information.
• Privileged mode ( R1# ) supports a superset of commands compared to user mode, including commands that
might disrupt switch operations.
• Configuration mode ( R1(config)) accepts configuration commands
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15. Different Configuration Modes
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17. Storing Switch Configuration Files
• When you configure a switch, it needs to use the configuration. It also needs to be able to retain the
configuration in case the switch loses power.
• Think RAM IS A VOLATILE MEMORY
Devices have following other types of Memory
1. Flash - Stores Fully functional IOS image
2. ROM - Loads Cisco IOS image into RAM when we boot the device
3. NVRAM - Stores the initial or startup configuration file
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19. Erase Startup config
• You can erase the entire startup config by using below command.
R1#erase startup-config
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20. Command Reference
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