This document is a chapter from a textbook about the Great Depression. It is divided into multiple sections that discuss: the onset of the Depression including the stock market crash; the impact on different groups like African Americans, women, and artists; President Hoover's unsuccessful efforts to address the crisis; and Franklin Roosevelt's election in 1932 amid a worsening economy and banking collapse. The chapter examines the Depression's causes, social and cultural consequences, and the political changes it brought about.