This chapter discusses the Reconstruction era and the emergence of the New South following the Civil War. It covers the challenges faced during Reconstruction in establishing a new social and political order across the South. This included debates around citizenship, civil rights, and economic opportunities for freed black Americans. However, Reconstruction was eventually abandoned as support waned in the North, allowing southern states to impose Jim Crow laws and disenfranchise black citizens despite efforts to integrate them as equal members of society during Reconstruction.

1. Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
Brinkley, The Unfinished
Nation, 4/e

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Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
 The Problems of Peacemaking
 The Aftermath of War and Emancipation
 The Devastated South
Richmond, VA 1865
(Library of Congress)

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 Competing Notions of Freedom
 Black Desire for Independence
 The Freedmen’s Bureau
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
A Freedman’s
Bureau School

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 Plans for Reconstruction
 Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
“From the beginning of our history the country has been
afflicted with compromise. It is by compromise that human
rights have been abandoned.”
-Charles Sumner

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 Plans for Reconstruction
 Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
 Wade-Davis Bill
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
Abraham Lincoln, 1865
(Library of Congress)

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 The Death of Lincoln
 John Wilkes Booth
Abraham Lincoln and His Son Tad
(Library of Congress)
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 Johnson and “Restoration”
 Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Problems of Peacemaking
 Johnson and “Restoration”
 Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
 Hardening Northern Attitudes
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 Radical Reconstruction
 The Black Codes
 Johnson’s Vetoes
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 Radical Reconstruction
 The Fourteenth Amendment
 Citizenship for African-Americans
 Radicals Ascendant
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 Radical Reconstruction
 The Congressional Plan
 Fifteenth Amendment
 Tenure of Office Act
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 Radical Reconstruction
 The Impeachment of the President
 The President Acquitted
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The South in Reconstruction
 The Reconstruction Governments
 “Scalawags” and “Carpetbaggers”
 Freedmen
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
The Louisiana Constitutional
Convention, 1868

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 The South in Reconstruction
 Education
 Establishment of Black Schools
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The South in Reconstruction
 Landownership and Tenancy
 Land Reform Thwarted
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The South in Reconstruction
 Landownership and Tenancy
 Land Reform Thwarted
 Rapid Growth of Sharecropping
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The South in Reconstruction
 Incomes and Credit
 Persistent Black Poverty
 The “Crop-Lien System”
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The South in Reconstruction
 The African-American Family in Freedom
 Families Reunited
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Grant Administration
 The Soldier President
 Grant Elected
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
Ulysses S. Grant
(Library of Congress)

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 The Grant Administration
 The Soldier President
 Grant Elected
 Liberal Republicans
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
“Universal suffrage can only mean in plain English
the government of ignorance and vice…”
Charles Francis Adams

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 The Grant Administration
 The Grant Scandals
 Crédit Mobilier
 “Whiskey Ring”
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
Grant the Trapeze Artist,
Joseph Keppler (1880)

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 The Grant Administration
 The Greenback Question
 Specie Resumption Act
 National Greenback Party
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Grant Administration
 Republican Diplomacy
 Purchase of Alaska
 “Alabama Claims” Resolved
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 The Southern States “Redeemed”
 Ku Klux Klan
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 Waning Northern Commitment
 Flagging Interest in Civil Rights
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 The Compromise of 1877
 Disputed Election
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
Election of 1876

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 The Compromise of 1877
 Disputed Election
 Special Electoral Commission
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 The Compromise of 1877
 Disputed Election
 Special Electoral Commission
 Federal Troops Withdrawn
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The Abandonment of Reconstruction
 The Legacy of Reconstruction
 Lasting Contributions
 Limits of Reconstruction
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The New South
 The “Redeemers”
 “Home Rule”
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The New South
 Industrialization and the “New South”
 Henry Grady
 Substantial Railroad Development
 Worker Exploitation
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The New South
 Tenants and Sharecroppers
 Impoverished
Agriculture
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
The Crop-Lien
System in 1880

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 The New South
 African Americans and the New South
 Booker T. Washington
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
“Educate the black man, mentally and
industrially, and there will be no doubt of
his prosperity.”
- Booker T. Washington

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 The New South
 African Americans and the New South
 Booker T. Washington
 Atlanta Compromise
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
“In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the
fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual
progress.”
- Booker T. Washington

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 The New South
 The Birth of Jim Crow
 Plessy v. Ferguson
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
“In my opinion, the judgment this day rendered will, in
time, prove to be quite as pernicious as the decision
made by this tribunal in the Dred Scott case…”
- Justice John Harlan

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 The New South
 The Birth of Jim Crow
 Plessy v. Ferguson
 Black Disenfranchisement
 Jim Crow Laws
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South

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 The New South
 The Birth of Jim Crow
 Plessy v. Ferguson
 Black Disenfranchisement
 Jim Crow Laws
 Ida B. Wells
Chapter Fifteen:
Reconstruction and the New South
A Lynch Mob, 1893