This document discusses different types of number patterns and sequences including odd, even, prime, and composite numbers. It also defines key concepts such as factors, multiples, highest common factors (HCF), and lowest common multiples (LCM). Examples are provided to illustrate each type of number pattern or concept.

1. CHAPTER 2
Number Patterns and Sequences

2. Number sequence is a list of numbers based on a certain pattern.
Example :
6, 9 12,…
Odd Numbers are numbers that are not exactly divisible by 2
Example:
1, 3, 5, 7,…
Even Numbers are numbers that are exactly divisible by 2
Example:
2, 4, 6, 8, …

3. Prime Numbers are whole numbers that are divisible only by 1 and itself.
Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11,…
Number 1 is not a prime number.
Number 2 is the only prime number that is even
The prime factors of a quantity are all of the prime quantities that will exactly divide the
given quantity.
Example : Prime factors of 20
2 20
2 10 Thus, the prime factors of 20 are 2 and 5
5 5
1

4. A factor is a number that divides a number exactly.
Example : factor of 6
1×6
2×3 Thus, 1, 2, 3 & 6 are factors of 6
3×2
The Highest Common Factor (HCF) of a group of numbers is the common factor that has the highest
values.
Example : HCF of 8, 12 and 20
Thus, HCF of 8, 12 and 20
2 8, 12, 20 =
=4
2 4, 6, 10
2, 3, 5

5. The Multiple of a number is the product of the number with a number that is not 0.
Example : 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, … are multiples of 4.
The common multiples of two or more numbers are multiples that belong to the numbers.
Example :
Common multiples of 2 and 3.
Multiples of 2 : 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, …
Thus, 6, 12 & 18 are multiples of 2 & 3
Multiples of 3 : 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21, …
The lowest common multiple (LCM) of a group of numbers is the common multiple that has the
lowest value
Example : LCM of 4, 8 and 12
4 4, 8, 12 Thus, LCM of 4, 8 and 12
=
2 1, 2, 3
= 24
3 1, 1, 3
1, 1, 1