This document provides an overview of databases and database management systems (DBMS). It begins with examples of common database applications like banking, reservations, and online shopping. Key points made include that a database is a collection of related data managed by a DBMS, which defines, constructs, manipulates and shares the database. Using a DBMS provides advantages like reducing data redundancy, supporting multiple views and users, and enforcing data integrity. The document also outlines common database roles and considerations for when a DBMS may not be needed.
*What is DBMS
*Database System Applications
*The Evolution of a Database
*Drawbacks of File Management System / Purpose of Database Systems
*Advantages of DBMS
*Disadvantages of DBMS
*DBMS Architecture
*types of modules
*Three-Tier and n-Tier Architectures for Web Applications
*different level and types
*Data Abstraction
*Data Independence
*Database State or Snapshot
*Database Schema vs. Database State
*Categories of data models
*Different Users
*Database Languages
*Relational Model
*ER Model
*Object-based model
*Semi-structured data model
DBMS Vs TRADITIONAL FILES COMPARISON, DBMS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES, CLASSIC FILE BASED SYSTEM, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CLASSICAL TECHNIQUE
*What is DBMS
*Database System Applications
*The Evolution of a Database
*Drawbacks of File Management System / Purpose of Database Systems
*Advantages of DBMS
*Disadvantages of DBMS
*DBMS Architecture
*types of modules
*Three-Tier and n-Tier Architectures for Web Applications
*different level and types
*Data Abstraction
*Data Independence
*Database State or Snapshot
*Database Schema vs. Database State
*Categories of data models
*Different Users
*Database Languages
*Relational Model
*ER Model
*Object-based model
*Semi-structured data model
DBMS Vs TRADITIONAL FILES COMPARISON, DBMS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES, CLASSIC FILE BASED SYSTEM, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CLASSICAL TECHNIQUE
Database management system is a computer software system that has been designed to manage databases, Oracle, DB2, Microsoft Access among others are examples of DBMS.
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Database Management Systems - Management Information SystemNijaz N
A DBMS is software that:Acts as an interface between application programs and the data files.Helps to reduce data redundancy and eliminate data inconsistency by allowing a central, shared data source
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Database management system is a computer software system that has been designed to manage databases, Oracle, DB2, Microsoft Access among others are examples of DBMS.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/ZEcPAc
Database Management Systems - Management Information SystemNijaz N
A DBMS is software that:Acts as an interface between application programs and the data files.Helps to reduce data redundancy and eliminate data inconsistency by allowing a central, shared data source
The CCNG Magnet Program is an exclusive Professional Peer Network (PPN) established to share knowledge and experience between contact center executives. It connects leaders to peers, colleagues and knowledge from throughout the industry. It is the best way to effectively build and leverage an industry-wide network of top contacts and best-practice experience.
NEW DESIGNS FOR LEARNING reported by Maria Angela B. Caparas BSE III EnglishCaparas222
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Introduction to database systems
Database size and complexity
What is DBMS?
Characteristics of Database approach
Users of database
Advantages of using database system
Database systems evolution
When not to use database systems
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1. Chapter 1
Database and Database
Users
Dr. Bernard Chen Ph.D.
University of Central Arkansas
2. Outline
Database Introduction
An Example
Characteristics of the Database
Actors on the Scene
Advantages of using the DBMS
approach
3. Database Examples
Database is involved like everywhere in our
world
For example:
If we go to bank to deposit or withdraw
Make hotel and airline reservation
Purchase something on line
Buy groceries in supermarkets
4. Database Applications
These examples are what we called traditional
database applications
(First part of book focuses on traditional applications)
More Recent Applications:
Youtube
iTunes
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Data Warehouses
Many other applications
5. Database can be any size and
complexity
For example:
A list of names and address
IRS
(assume it has 100 million taxpayers and each
taxpayer file 5 forms with 400 characters of
information per form=800Gbyte)
Amazon.com
(15 million people visit per day; about 100 people are
responsible for database update)
6. Database System
Database:
A collection of related data.
Data:
Known facts that can be recorded and have an
implicit meaning.
Database Management System
(DBMS):
A software package/system to facilitate the
Define, Construct, Manipulate and Share functions
of a computerized database.
7. Typical DBMS Functionality
Define a particular database in terms of its data types,
structures, and constraints
Construct or Load the initial database contents on a secondary
storage medium
Manipulate the database:
Retrieval: Querying, generating reports
Modification: Insertions, deletions and updates to its content
Accessing the database through Web applications
Share a database allows multiple users and programs to access
the database simultaneously
10. Outline
Database Introduction
An Example
Characteristics of the Database
Actors on the Scene
Advantages of using the DBMS
approach
11. An UNIVERSITY example
A UNIVERSITY database for maintaining information
concerning students, courses, and grades in a
university environment
We have:
STUDENT file stores data on each student
COURSE file stores data on each course
SECTION file stores data on each section of each
course
GRADE_REPORT file stores the grades that students
receive
PREREQUISITE file stores the prerequisites
13. Database manipulation
Database manipulation involves querying
and updating
Examples of querying are:
Retrieve a transcript
List the prerequisites of the “Database” course
Examples of updating are:
Enter a grade of “A” for “Smith” in “Database”
course
14. Outline
Database Introduction
An Example
Characteristics of the Database
Actors on the Scene
Advantages of using the DBMS
approach
15. Database V.S. File
In the database approach, a single repository of data
is maintained that is defined once then accessed by
various users
The major differences between DB and File are:
1. Self-describing of a DB
2. Insulation between programs and data
3. Support of multiple views of the data
4. Sharing of data and multiuser transaction processing
16. Self-describing nature of a
database system
Database system contains not only the
database itself but also a complete definition
of the database structure and constrains
The information stored in the catalog is called
Meta-data (data about data), and it
describes the structure of the primary
database.
18. Insulation between programs
and data
In file processing, if any changes to the
structure of a file may require changing all
programs that access the file
In database system, the structure of data files
is stored in the DBMS catalog separately from
the access program
This is called program-data
independence
19. Support of multiple views of
the data
Each user may see a different view of
the database, which describes only the
data of interest to that user
It may also contain some virtual data
that is derived from the database files
but its not explicitly stored
20. Sharing of data and multi-user
transaction processing
Allowing a set of concurrent users to
retrieve from and to update the database.
Concurrency control within the DBMS
guarantees that each transaction is
correctly executed or aborted
For example, when several reservation clerks try
to assign a seat on an airplane flight
(these types of applications are generally called
online transaction processing (OLTP))
21. Outline
Database Introduction
An Example
Characteristics of the Database
Actors on the Scene
Advantages of using the DBMS
approach
22. Database Users
Database administrators:
Responsible for authorizing access to the database, for
coordinating and monitoring its use, acquiring software and
hardware resources, controlling its use and monitoring
efficiency of operations.
Database Designers:
Responsible to define the content, the structure, the
constraints, and functions or transactions against the
database. They must communicate with the end-users and
understand their needs.
End Users
System Analysts
23. End Users
Casual: access database occasionally by
sophisticated query language when needed.
(Manager)
Naïve: they make up a large section of the
end-user population. Learn only a few facilities
that they may use repeatedly
(bank clerk)
Sophisticated: These include business
analysts, scientists, engineers, others
thoroughly familiar with the system capabilities.
Stand-alone: maintain personal database by
using well designed GUI (Turbotax users)
24. Outline
Database Introduction
An Example
Characteristics of the Database
Actors on the Scene
Advantages of using the DBMS
approach
25. Controlling Redundancy
Controlling Redundancy is one of most
important feature to use DBMS
The traditional file approach, each group
independently keeps their own file.
For example: accounting office keeps data on
registration and billing info; whereas the
registration office keeps track of registration,
student courses and grades.
26. Controlling Redundancy
This redundancy in storing the same data
multiple times leads to several problems:
1. Logic update – we need to update several
times
2. Storage space is wasted
3. The file that represent the same data may
become inconsistent
27. Other Advantages of using the
DBMS approach
Restricting unauthorized access to data
Providing Storage Structures (e.g.
indexes) for efficient Query Processing
Providing backup and recovery services
28. Other Advantages of using the
DBMS approach
Providing multiple interfaces to different
classes of users
Representing complex relationships among
data
.
.
.
29. When NOT to use DBMS?
The overhead cost of using DBMS:
High initial investment in hardware,
software and training
The cost of defining and processing data
Overhead for security, concurrency control,
recovery, and integrity functions
30. When NOT to use DBMS?
Hence, it may be more desirable to use
regular files under the following
situations:
Simple, well-defined database applications
that are not expected to change
Real-time requirements for some programs
that may not be met due to DBMS
overheads
No multiple-user access to data