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Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Discovering
Computers 2012
Objectives Overview
Explain why computer
literacy is vital to
success in today’s world
Define the term,
computer, and describe
the relationship
between data and
information
Describe the five
components of a
computer
Discuss the advantages
and disadvantages that
users experience when
working with
computers
Define the term,
network, and identify
benefits of sharing
resources on a network
Discuss the uses of the
Internet and World
Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 2See Page 3
for Detailed Objectives
Objectives Overview
Distinguish between system
software and application
software
Differentiate among types,
sizes, and functions of
computers in each category
Describe the role of each
element in an information
system
Explain how home users,
small office/home office
users, mobile users, power
users, and enterprise users
each interact with
computers
Discuss how society uses
computers in education,
finance, government, health
care, science, publishing,
travel, and manufacturing
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 3See Page 3
for Detailed Objectives
A World of Computers
• Computers are everywhere
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 4Pages 4 - 5
Figure 1-1
What Is a Computer?
• A computer is an electronic machine, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 5Page 6
Collects
data
(input)
Processing
Produces
information
(output)
Information Processing Cycle
What Is a Computer?
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 6Page 6
Figure 1-2
The Components of a Computer
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and
mechanical components known as hardware
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 7Pages 6 - 8
• Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computerInput Device
• Hardware component that conveys information to one or more peopleOutput Device
• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that
are used to process dataSystem Unit
• Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage
mediaStorage Device
• Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and
information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
Communications
Device
The Components of a Computer
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 8Page 7
Figure 1-3
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
Advantages of
Using Computers
Disadvantages of
Using Computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 9
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
Communications
Health Risks
Violation of Privacy
Public Safety
Impact on Labor Force
Impact on Environment
Pages 9 - 10
Networks and the Internet
• A network is a
collection of computers
and devices connected
together, often
wirelessly, via
communications
devices and
transmission media
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 10Pages 10 - 11
Figure 1-6
Networks and the Internet
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 11Page 11
Figure 1-7
Networks and the Internet
• People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 12Pages 12 - 13
Figure 1-8
Communicate Research and
Access Information
Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading
Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application
Networks and the Internet
• A social networking Web site encourages
members to share their interests, ideas, stories,
photos, music, and videos with other registered
users
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 13Page 14
Figure 1-9
Computer Software
• Software, also called a program, tells the
computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 14Pages 15 - 16
Figures 1-10 - 1-11
System Software
• Operating system
• Utility program
Application Software
Computer Software
• Installing is the process of setting up software to
work with the computer, printer, and other
hardware
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 15Pages 16 - 17
Figure 1-12
Computer Software
• A programmer develops
software or writes the
instructions that direct
the computer to
process data into
information
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 16Page 18
Figure 1-13
Categories of Computers
Embedded computers
Supercomputers
Mainframes
Servers
Game consoles
Mobile computers and mobile devices
Personal computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 17Page 19
Personal Computers
• A personal computer can perform all of its input,
processing, output, and storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the
Apple
– Desktop computer
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 18Pages 19 - 20
Figures 1-15 - 1-16
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Personal computer you
can carry from place to
place
Examples include
notebook computers,
laptop computers,
netbooks, ultra-thins,
and Tablet PCs
Mobile
Computer
Computing device small
enough to hold in your
hand
Examples include smart
phones and PDAs, e-
book readers, handheld
computers, portable
media players, and
digital cameras
Mobile
Device
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 19Pages 20 - 23
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Notebook computer
Tablet PC
Smart phones and PDAs
E-book reader
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 20Pages 20 - 22
Figures 1-17 – 1-20
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Handheld computer
Portable media player
Digital camera
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 21Pages 22 - 23
Figures 1-21 – 1-23
Game Consoles
• A game console is a
mobile computing
device designed for
single-player or
multiplayer video
games
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 22Page 24
Figure 1-24
Servers
• A server controls access
to the hardware,
software, and other
resources on a network
– Provides a centralized
storage area for
programs, data, and
information
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 23Page 25
Figure 1-25
Mainframes
• A mainframe is a large,
expensive, powerful
computer that can
handle hundreds or
thousands of connected
users simultaneously
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 24Page 25
Figure 1-26
Supercomputers
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful
computer
– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single
second
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 25Page 25
Figure 1-27
Embedded Computers
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose
computer that functions as a component in a
larger product
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 26Page 26
Consumer
Electronics
• Mobile and digital
telephones
• Digital televisions
• Cameras
• Video recorders
• DVD players and
recorders
• Answering
machines
Home Automation
Devices
• Thermostats
• Sprinkling systems
• Security
monitoring systems
• Appliances
• Lights
Automobiles
• Antilock brakes
• Engine control
modules
• Airbag controller
• Cruise control
Process Controllers
and Robotics
• Remote monitoring
systems
• Power monitors
• Machine
controllers
• Medical devices
Computer Devices
and Office Machines
• Keyboards
• Printers
• Faxes
• Copiers
Embedded Computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 27Page 26
Figure 1-28
Elements of an Information System
Hardware Software Data
People Procedures
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 28Page 27
Elements of an Information System
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 29Page 27
Figure 1-29
Examples of Computer Usage
Home User
•Personal financial
management
•Web access
•Communications
•Entertainment
Small Office/Home
Office User
•Look up information
•Send and receive e-mail
messages
•Make telephone calls
Mobile User
•Connect to other computers
on a network or the Internet
•Transfer information
•Play video games
•Listen to music
•Watch movies
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 30Pages 28 – 31
Figures 1-30 – 1-32
Examples of Computer Usage
Power User
• Work with multimedia
• Use industry-specific
software
Enterprise User
• Communicate among
employees
• Process high volumes
of transactions
• Blog
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 31Pages 31 – 32
Figures 1-33 – 1-34
Computer Applications in Society
Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 32Pages 34 - 36
Figures 1-36 – 1-39
Computer Applications in Society
Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 33Pages 36 - 38
Figures 1-40 – 1-43
Summary
Basic computer
concepts
Components of a
computer
Networks, the Internet,
and computer software
Many different
categories of
computers, computer
users, and computer
applications in society
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 34Page 39
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Discovering
Computers 2012
Chapter 1 Complete

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Chapter 1 introduction to computers

  • 1. Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Discovering Computers 2012
  • 2. Objectives Overview Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today’s world Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information Describe the five components of a computer Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 2See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
  • 3. Objectives Overview Distinguish between system software and application software Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of computers in each category Describe the role of each element in an information system Explain how home users, small office/home office users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users each interact with computers Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 3See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
  • 4. A World of Computers • Computers are everywhere Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 4Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1
  • 5. What Is a Computer? • A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 5Page 6 Collects data (input) Processing Produces information (output) Information Processing Cycle
  • 6. What Is a Computer? Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 6Page 6 Figure 1-2
  • 7. The Components of a Computer • A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 7Pages 6 - 8 • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computerInput Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more peopleOutput Device • Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process dataSystem Unit • Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage mediaStorage Device • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices Communications Device
  • 8. The Components of a Computer Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 8Page 7 Figure 1-3
  • 9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers Advantages of Using Computers Disadvantages of Using Computers Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 9 Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications Health Risks Violation of Privacy Public Safety Impact on Labor Force Impact on Environment Pages 9 - 10
  • 10. Networks and the Internet • A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 10Pages 10 - 11 Figure 1-6
  • 11. Networks and the Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 11Page 11 Figure 1-7
  • 12. Networks and the Internet • People use the Internet for a variety of reasons: Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 12Pages 12 - 13 Figure 1-8 Communicate Research and Access Information Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application
  • 13. Networks and the Internet • A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 13Page 14 Figure 1-9
  • 14. Computer Software • Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 14Pages 15 - 16 Figures 1-10 - 1-11 System Software • Operating system • Utility program Application Software
  • 15. Computer Software • Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 15Pages 16 - 17 Figure 1-12
  • 16. Computer Software • A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 16Page 18 Figure 1-13
  • 17. Categories of Computers Embedded computers Supercomputers Mainframes Servers Game consoles Mobile computers and mobile devices Personal computers Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 17Page 19
  • 18. Personal Computers • A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself • Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple – Desktop computer Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 18Pages 19 - 20 Figures 1-15 - 1-16
  • 19. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Personal computer you can carry from place to place Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs Mobile Computer Computing device small enough to hold in your hand Examples include smart phones and PDAs, e- book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras Mobile Device Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 19Pages 20 - 23
  • 20. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 20Pages 20 - 22 Figures 1-17 – 1-20
  • 21. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 21Pages 22 - 23 Figures 1-21 – 1-23
  • 22. Game Consoles • A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 22Page 24 Figure 1-24
  • 23. Servers • A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network – Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 23Page 25 Figure 1-25
  • 24. Mainframes • A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 24Page 25 Figure 1-26
  • 25. Supercomputers • A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer – Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 25Page 25 Figure 1-27
  • 26. Embedded Computers • An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 26Page 26 Consumer Electronics • Mobile and digital telephones • Digital televisions • Cameras • Video recorders • DVD players and recorders • Answering machines Home Automation Devices • Thermostats • Sprinkling systems • Security monitoring systems • Appliances • Lights Automobiles • Antilock brakes • Engine control modules • Airbag controller • Cruise control Process Controllers and Robotics • Remote monitoring systems • Power monitors • Machine controllers • Medical devices Computer Devices and Office Machines • Keyboards • Printers • Faxes • Copiers
  • 27. Embedded Computers Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 27Page 26 Figure 1-28
  • 28. Elements of an Information System Hardware Software Data People Procedures Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 28Page 27
  • 29. Elements of an Information System Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 29Page 27 Figure 1-29
  • 30. Examples of Computer Usage Home User •Personal financial management •Web access •Communications •Entertainment Small Office/Home Office User •Look up information •Send and receive e-mail messages •Make telephone calls Mobile User •Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet •Transfer information •Play video games •Listen to music •Watch movies Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 30Pages 28 – 31 Figures 1-30 – 1-32
  • 31. Examples of Computer Usage Power User • Work with multimedia • Use industry-specific software Enterprise User • Communicate among employees • Process high volumes of transactions • Blog Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 31Pages 31 – 32 Figures 1-33 – 1-34
  • 32. Computer Applications in Society Education Finance Government Health Care Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 32Pages 34 - 36 Figures 1-36 – 1-39
  • 33. Computer Applications in Society Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 33Pages 36 - 38 Figures 1-40 – 1-43
  • 34. Summary Basic computer concepts Components of a computer Networks, the Internet, and computer software Many different categories of computers, computer users, and computer applications in society Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 34Page 39
  • 35. Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Discovering Computers 2012 Chapter 1 Complete