This document provides an overview of quantitative research methods. It defines basic and applied research, as well as key concepts like rigor and control. It also outlines the steps of the quantitative research process, including formulating research problems, developing a framework, defining variables, selecting appropriate designs and methods of measurement, and communicating findings. Descriptive, correlational, quasi-experimental and experimental research designs are also briefly discussed.
This document discusses the process of interpreting research outcomes. It involves examining study evidence, determining findings, forming conclusions, identifying limitations, generalizing findings, considering implications, and suggesting further research. Key steps include evaluating the research plan, measurements, data collection, analysis, results, and previous studies to determine what the evidence shows and how to interpret the findings. Limitations must be identified and conclusions should not overgeneralize beyond the scope of the study. The implications and need for additional research are also considered.
This document outlines the tasks and assignments for a unit on scientific investigation. The unit focuses on developing investigative skills such as formulating hypotheses, planning experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting results. Learners will conduct a practical investigation on a topic of their choice, such as how various factors affect the resistance of a wire. The investigation involves researching the topic, designing and carrying out an experiment, and analyzing and reporting findings. A conference is held for learners to review their progress and receive feedback, and the unit culminates in a final report on the investigation.
This document discusses writing research proposals, including the typical structure and content of different types of proposals. It provides guidance on developing proposals for student research, quantitative research, qualitative research, condensed proposals for funding, and preproposals. Key sections that should be included are an introduction, literature review, methods, and procedures. Approval from institutional review boards and other relevant committees is also addressed.
The document discusses the key aspects of scientific research. It defines scientific research as focusing on solving problems through a logical and rigorous methodology. Some key hallmarks of scientific research discussed are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The document also discusses deduction, induction, and the hypothetico-deductive method which involves identifying a problem, developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting results. Other research methods like case studies and action research are also briefly outlined.
There are three main types of scientific investigations: descriptive investigations which describe natural phenomena, comparative investigations which compare two or more groups to determine correlations, and experimental investigations which compare an experimental group to a control group while manipulating an independent variable. Descriptive investigations quantify or qualify parts of a system, comparative investigations collect data under different conditions to compare, and experimental investigations test hypotheses by manipulating variables and comparing to a control group.
Observational research methods involve researchers gathering information by observing behaviors, occurrences, or objects without interfering. There are two types - participant observation where the researcher is involved, and non-participant observation where they observe unobtrusively. Data can be collected quickly through observation, and behaviors are observed as they naturally occur. However, observational research poses ethical issues regarding privacy if it involves tracking individuals without their permission. Experimentation research controls variables to test theories and determine cause-and-effect relationships. It can establish whether an intervention produces the intended result but historically some experiments like the Tuskegee Syphilis study severely disregarded ethics and human rights. Professional codes now aim to ensure research follows ethical standards and benefits society.
The document provides an overview of the scientific investigation process and its application to managerial decision making. It discusses key aspects of scientific research including being purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. An example is provided of scientifically investigating how to increase employee commitment by following the eight hallmarks of science. The document also outlines the building blocks of the hypothetico-deductive research method including making observations, developing a theoretical framework, generating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and making deductions.
This document discusses key concepts in sampling theory and methodology. It covers topics such as populations and elements, random and non-random sampling methods, sampling error, sample representativeness, and determining appropriate sample sizes. Random sampling methods like simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling are described as reducing sampling error and increasing study validity compared to non-random convenience sampling approaches. Factors that influence required sample sizes for quantitative studies include the expected effect size, number of variables, sensitivity of measurement tools, and data analysis techniques.
This document discusses the process of interpreting research outcomes. It involves examining study evidence, determining findings, forming conclusions, identifying limitations, generalizing findings, considering implications, and suggesting further research. Key steps include evaluating the research plan, measurements, data collection, analysis, results, and previous studies to determine what the evidence shows and how to interpret the findings. Limitations must be identified and conclusions should not overgeneralize beyond the scope of the study. The implications and need for additional research are also considered.
This document outlines the tasks and assignments for a unit on scientific investigation. The unit focuses on developing investigative skills such as formulating hypotheses, planning experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and presenting results. Learners will conduct a practical investigation on a topic of their choice, such as how various factors affect the resistance of a wire. The investigation involves researching the topic, designing and carrying out an experiment, and analyzing and reporting findings. A conference is held for learners to review their progress and receive feedback, and the unit culminates in a final report on the investigation.
This document discusses writing research proposals, including the typical structure and content of different types of proposals. It provides guidance on developing proposals for student research, quantitative research, qualitative research, condensed proposals for funding, and preproposals. Key sections that should be included are an introduction, literature review, methods, and procedures. Approval from institutional review boards and other relevant committees is also addressed.
The document discusses the key aspects of scientific research. It defines scientific research as focusing on solving problems through a logical and rigorous methodology. Some key hallmarks of scientific research discussed are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The document also discusses deduction, induction, and the hypothetico-deductive method which involves identifying a problem, developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting results. Other research methods like case studies and action research are also briefly outlined.
There are three main types of scientific investigations: descriptive investigations which describe natural phenomena, comparative investigations which compare two or more groups to determine correlations, and experimental investigations which compare an experimental group to a control group while manipulating an independent variable. Descriptive investigations quantify or qualify parts of a system, comparative investigations collect data under different conditions to compare, and experimental investigations test hypotheses by manipulating variables and comparing to a control group.
Observational research methods involve researchers gathering information by observing behaviors, occurrences, or objects without interfering. There are two types - participant observation where the researcher is involved, and non-participant observation where they observe unobtrusively. Data can be collected quickly through observation, and behaviors are observed as they naturally occur. However, observational research poses ethical issues regarding privacy if it involves tracking individuals without their permission. Experimentation research controls variables to test theories and determine cause-and-effect relationships. It can establish whether an intervention produces the intended result but historically some experiments like the Tuskegee Syphilis study severely disregarded ethics and human rights. Professional codes now aim to ensure research follows ethical standards and benefits society.
The document provides an overview of the scientific investigation process and its application to managerial decision making. It discusses key aspects of scientific research including being purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. An example is provided of scientifically investigating how to increase employee commitment by following the eight hallmarks of science. The document also outlines the building blocks of the hypothetico-deductive research method including making observations, developing a theoretical framework, generating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and making deductions.
This document discusses key concepts in sampling theory and methodology. It covers topics such as populations and elements, random and non-random sampling methods, sampling error, sample representativeness, and determining appropriate sample sizes. Random sampling methods like simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling are described as reducing sampling error and increasing study validity compared to non-random convenience sampling approaches. Factors that influence required sample sizes for quantitative studies include the expected effect size, number of variables, sensitivity of measurement tools, and data analysis techniques.
The document discusses scientific research and the hypothetico-deductive method. It defines research as a systematic, objective inquiry to solve problems. Scientific research focuses on gathering data through logical steps to analyze problems and draw valid conclusions. The key aspects of scientific research are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method are to identify a problem, define hypotheses, determine measures, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results. Other research methods include case studies and action research.
This document provides an overview of scientific research methods. It discusses the hallmarks of scientific research, including purposiveness, rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability and parsimony. It also outlines the building blocks of science in research, including observation, problem identification, theoretical frameworks, hypotheses, research design, and the use of deduction and induction. A key method discussed is the hypothetico-deductive method, which involves 7 steps: identifying a problem area, defining the problem statement, developing hypotheses, determining measures, data collection, data analysis, and interpreting data. Other research types like case studies and action research are also briefly described.
The document discusses the scientific research process and the hallmarks of a scientific investigation. It describes the hypothetico-deductive method, which involves 7 steps: 1) identifying a problem area, 2) defining the problem statement, 3) developing hypotheses, 4) determining measures, 5) collecting data, 6) analyzing data, and 7) interpreting results. Rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability, and parsimony are key hallmarks of scientific research. An example is provided to illustrate how the hypothetico-deductive method is applied to investigate the lack of use of a new management information system.
The document outlines key aspects of the scientific method including forming a hypothesis, conducting controlled experiments with independent and dependent variables, considering sample size and validity. It provides examples of a hypothesis about declining salamander populations and how independent variables are deliberately manipulated to test their effect on dependent variables in experiments.
Indicators of Innovative Research (Klavans, Boyack, Small, Sorensen, Ioannidis)Kevin Boyack
Most people assume that highly cited papers are "innovative". Using survey results we show that most highly cited papers exemplify normal progress rather than innovation. We also attempt to correlate various indicators with those papers classified as innovative by their authors. Most of these correlations are very weak.
Introduction to meta-analysis (1612_MA_workshop)Ahmed Negida
This document provides an overview of a meta-analysis workshop. It will introduce descriptive and inferential statistics, the concept of meta-analysis, and meta-analysis software and models. The workshop covers new topics like quality effects meta-analysis, heterogeneity models, and assessment of publication bias. It explains that simply averaging study results is incorrect, and meta-analysis statistically combines studies while weighting them by size and power to provide a single pooled effect estimate. Meta-analysis has advantages like larger power but must address heterogeneity and differences between studies.
This document provides an overview of research methodology in otology. It discusses what constitutes ideal research, factors that affect confidence intervals, different types of study designs including descriptive, analytical, and interventional designs. Descriptive designs include cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Analytical designs include prospective and retrospective studies. The document also discusses variables, sample size calculation, data analysis techniques, and important considerations for research such as feasibility and timelines.
How to write a biomedical research paperAhmed Negida
This was the presentation of (How to write a biomedical research day workshop) given by Ahmed Negida as a part from MRGE continuous research activities in Egypt.
The course was joined by 45 medical students and seniors from different Egyptian Universities and it was more than 6 hours of exciting learning activities.
Major Learning Objectives were:
1- Structure of biomedical Research Paper
2- How to Write a conference Abstract
3- Scientific Writing Rules
4- Research Protocol
5- Referencing Using Mendeley software
6- Scientific Publication
The document discusses the components of a good experimental design, using the example of a science fair project called "Drink, Drive, and Die". The experiment tested whether drinking small amounts of alcohol would decrease reaction time and impair driving ability. The student formulated a hypothesis, planned and conducted the experiment with controls and variables, collected data by measuring reaction times after different amounts of beer, and analyzed the results in a graph, concluding that the data supported the original hypothesis.
1) The document discusses the key aspects of research methodology, including defining research, the research process, and important concepts like variables and theoretical frameworks.
2) It emphasizes that research must be conducted scientifically, following steps like observing the problem, gathering preliminary data, developing a theoretical framework and hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings.
3) The research process is not always linear and researchers may need to revisit previous steps to refine their understanding before moving forward with the study.
Lec # 1 business research an introductionfizza tanvir
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
The hallmarks of science. Purposiveness. Rigor. Testability. Replicability (repetition of results). Objectivity (facts oriented). Generalizability. ParsimonyLimitation to scientic research in managementThe building blocks of Science and the hypothetico-deductive method of researc
This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE). It discusses key concepts like controlled and uncontrolled inputs, response variables, experimental and sampling units, and different types of statistical designs. Specifically, it explains that a designed experiment involves planned statistical considerations to increase efficiency. It also describes completely randomized designs and randomized complete block designs as two basic statistical designs. The goal of DOE is to obtain unbiased and efficient experimental results.
This document discusses scientific research methods and the hypothetico-deductive method. It outlines:
- The hallmarks of scientific research which include purposiveness, rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability and parsimony.
- The building blocks of scientific research including observation, problem identification, developing a theoretical framework and hypotheses.
- The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method including identifying a problem area, defining the problem statement, developing hypotheses, determining measures, data collection, data analysis and interpreting results.
The document discusses key elements of research design, including:
1. It defines a research design as a plan for investigating research questions and problems.
2. Key components of a research design are identified as the problem definition, theoretical framework, hypothesis generation, research methodology, data collection and analysis, and reporting.
3. Different types of research designs are explored, including exploratory, descriptive, and hypothesis testing designs. Factors like the level of researcher interference and study settings (contrived vs. non-contrived) are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of the steps involved in conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. It discusses defining a research question, developing search strategies to identify relevant studies, establishing inclusion/exclusion criteria, selecting studies, extracting effect sizes from studies, and conducting a statistical analysis to summarize results. The goal is to synthesize research evidence in a transparent, reproducible manner to answer the research question.
Bayesian Approaches To Improve Sample Size WebinarnQuery
Title: Bayesian Approaches To Improve Sample Size
Duration: 60 minutes
Speaker: Ronan Fitzpatrick, Head of Statistics, Statsols
In this webinar you'll learn about:
Bayesian Sample Size Determination: See how the growth of Bayesian analysis has helped transform our ideas about statistical inference and methodologies in clinical trials
Bayesian Assurance: Get an informative answer on how likely it is to see a “positive” outcome from the trial and then make better decisions on what trials to back
Posterior Credible Intervals and Mixed Bayesian Likelihood: Enable researchers to use prior information from pilot studies and other sources to make quicker and better decisions
Plus much more
Systematic reviews employ rigorous systematic methods to identify and synthesize data from multiple studies to obtain a quantitative summary of the effects of an intervention. This involves formulating clear objectives and criteria for inclusion of studies, assessing methodological quality, extracting data, and presenting results both descriptively and through meta-analysis to obtain a pooled effect estimate. Conducting systematic reviews using these standardized methods helps establish whether research findings are consistent and generalizable across studies.
This document discusses the evolution of nursing research from Florence Nightingale's pioneering work in the 1850s to the current emphasis on evidence-based practice. It traces how nursing research has developed from a focus on education, clinical studies, and the nursing process to encompass a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The document also introduces key concepts in nursing research such as outcomes research, intervention research, systematic reviews, and evidence-based practice guidelines.
The document is a 3-page article from the September 9, 2016 edition of El Mercurio, a Chilean newspaper. It discusses recent economic data showing a decline in Chile's GDP growth and discusses the government's plans to stimulate the economy through investment in infrastructure projects. Concerns are raised that global economic uncertainties could continue to negatively impact Chile's economic outlook.
The document discusses scientific research and the hypothetico-deductive method. It defines research as a systematic, objective inquiry to solve problems. Scientific research focuses on gathering data through logical steps to analyze problems and draw valid conclusions. The key aspects of scientific research are that it is purposeful, rigorous, testable, replicable, precise, objective, generalizable, and parsimonious. The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method are to identify a problem, define hypotheses, determine measures, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results. Other research methods include case studies and action research.
This document provides an overview of scientific research methods. It discusses the hallmarks of scientific research, including purposiveness, rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability and parsimony. It also outlines the building blocks of science in research, including observation, problem identification, theoretical frameworks, hypotheses, research design, and the use of deduction and induction. A key method discussed is the hypothetico-deductive method, which involves 7 steps: identifying a problem area, defining the problem statement, developing hypotheses, determining measures, data collection, data analysis, and interpreting data. Other research types like case studies and action research are also briefly described.
The document discusses the scientific research process and the hallmarks of a scientific investigation. It describes the hypothetico-deductive method, which involves 7 steps: 1) identifying a problem area, 2) defining the problem statement, 3) developing hypotheses, 4) determining measures, 5) collecting data, 6) analyzing data, and 7) interpreting results. Rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability, and parsimony are key hallmarks of scientific research. An example is provided to illustrate how the hypothetico-deductive method is applied to investigate the lack of use of a new management information system.
The document outlines key aspects of the scientific method including forming a hypothesis, conducting controlled experiments with independent and dependent variables, considering sample size and validity. It provides examples of a hypothesis about declining salamander populations and how independent variables are deliberately manipulated to test their effect on dependent variables in experiments.
Indicators of Innovative Research (Klavans, Boyack, Small, Sorensen, Ioannidis)Kevin Boyack
Most people assume that highly cited papers are "innovative". Using survey results we show that most highly cited papers exemplify normal progress rather than innovation. We also attempt to correlate various indicators with those papers classified as innovative by their authors. Most of these correlations are very weak.
Introduction to meta-analysis (1612_MA_workshop)Ahmed Negida
This document provides an overview of a meta-analysis workshop. It will introduce descriptive and inferential statistics, the concept of meta-analysis, and meta-analysis software and models. The workshop covers new topics like quality effects meta-analysis, heterogeneity models, and assessment of publication bias. It explains that simply averaging study results is incorrect, and meta-analysis statistically combines studies while weighting them by size and power to provide a single pooled effect estimate. Meta-analysis has advantages like larger power but must address heterogeneity and differences between studies.
This document provides an overview of research methodology in otology. It discusses what constitutes ideal research, factors that affect confidence intervals, different types of study designs including descriptive, analytical, and interventional designs. Descriptive designs include cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Analytical designs include prospective and retrospective studies. The document also discusses variables, sample size calculation, data analysis techniques, and important considerations for research such as feasibility and timelines.
How to write a biomedical research paperAhmed Negida
This was the presentation of (How to write a biomedical research day workshop) given by Ahmed Negida as a part from MRGE continuous research activities in Egypt.
The course was joined by 45 medical students and seniors from different Egyptian Universities and it was more than 6 hours of exciting learning activities.
Major Learning Objectives were:
1- Structure of biomedical Research Paper
2- How to Write a conference Abstract
3- Scientific Writing Rules
4- Research Protocol
5- Referencing Using Mendeley software
6- Scientific Publication
The document discusses the components of a good experimental design, using the example of a science fair project called "Drink, Drive, and Die". The experiment tested whether drinking small amounts of alcohol would decrease reaction time and impair driving ability. The student formulated a hypothesis, planned and conducted the experiment with controls and variables, collected data by measuring reaction times after different amounts of beer, and analyzed the results in a graph, concluding that the data supported the original hypothesis.
1) The document discusses the key aspects of research methodology, including defining research, the research process, and important concepts like variables and theoretical frameworks.
2) It emphasizes that research must be conducted scientifically, following steps like observing the problem, gathering preliminary data, developing a theoretical framework and hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings.
3) The research process is not always linear and researchers may need to revisit previous steps to refine their understanding before moving forward with the study.
Lec # 1 business research an introductionfizza tanvir
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
The hallmarks of science. Purposiveness. Rigor. Testability. Replicability (repetition of results). Objectivity (facts oriented). Generalizability. ParsimonyLimitation to scientic research in managementThe building blocks of Science and the hypothetico-deductive method of researc
This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE). It discusses key concepts like controlled and uncontrolled inputs, response variables, experimental and sampling units, and different types of statistical designs. Specifically, it explains that a designed experiment involves planned statistical considerations to increase efficiency. It also describes completely randomized designs and randomized complete block designs as two basic statistical designs. The goal of DOE is to obtain unbiased and efficient experimental results.
This document discusses scientific research methods and the hypothetico-deductive method. It outlines:
- The hallmarks of scientific research which include purposiveness, rigor, testability, replicability, precision, objectivity, generalizability and parsimony.
- The building blocks of scientific research including observation, problem identification, developing a theoretical framework and hypotheses.
- The seven steps of the hypothetico-deductive method including identifying a problem area, defining the problem statement, developing hypotheses, determining measures, data collection, data analysis and interpreting results.
The document discusses key elements of research design, including:
1. It defines a research design as a plan for investigating research questions and problems.
2. Key components of a research design are identified as the problem definition, theoretical framework, hypothesis generation, research methodology, data collection and analysis, and reporting.
3. Different types of research designs are explored, including exploratory, descriptive, and hypothesis testing designs. Factors like the level of researcher interference and study settings (contrived vs. non-contrived) are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of the steps involved in conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. It discusses defining a research question, developing search strategies to identify relevant studies, establishing inclusion/exclusion criteria, selecting studies, extracting effect sizes from studies, and conducting a statistical analysis to summarize results. The goal is to synthesize research evidence in a transparent, reproducible manner to answer the research question.
Bayesian Approaches To Improve Sample Size WebinarnQuery
Title: Bayesian Approaches To Improve Sample Size
Duration: 60 minutes
Speaker: Ronan Fitzpatrick, Head of Statistics, Statsols
In this webinar you'll learn about:
Bayesian Sample Size Determination: See how the growth of Bayesian analysis has helped transform our ideas about statistical inference and methodologies in clinical trials
Bayesian Assurance: Get an informative answer on how likely it is to see a “positive” outcome from the trial and then make better decisions on what trials to back
Posterior Credible Intervals and Mixed Bayesian Likelihood: Enable researchers to use prior information from pilot studies and other sources to make quicker and better decisions
Plus much more
Systematic reviews employ rigorous systematic methods to identify and synthesize data from multiple studies to obtain a quantitative summary of the effects of an intervention. This involves formulating clear objectives and criteria for inclusion of studies, assessing methodological quality, extracting data, and presenting results both descriptively and through meta-analysis to obtain a pooled effect estimate. Conducting systematic reviews using these standardized methods helps establish whether research findings are consistent and generalizable across studies.
This document discusses the evolution of nursing research from Florence Nightingale's pioneering work in the 1850s to the current emphasis on evidence-based practice. It traces how nursing research has developed from a focus on education, clinical studies, and the nursing process to encompass a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The document also introduces key concepts in nursing research such as outcomes research, intervention research, systematic reviews, and evidence-based practice guidelines.
The document is a 3-page article from the September 9, 2016 edition of El Mercurio, a Chilean newspaper. It discusses recent economic data showing a decline in Chile's GDP growth and discusses the government's plans to stimulate the economy through investment in infrastructure projects. Concerns are raised that global economic uncertainties could continue to negatively impact Chile's economic outlook.
The article discusses the results of a new poll conducted by Cadem that shows President Michelle Bachelet's approval rating has fallen to 26%, the lowest level since she took office. Only 26% of those polled approved of her administration, while 64% disapproved. The poll also found that 62% of Chileans believe the country is heading in the wrong direction.
Cuatro grandes grupos económicos controlan el 90% de la pesca en Chile. Con la nueva ley de pesca, buscan obtener concesiones perpetuas e incluso hereditarias sobre los recursos pesqueros. Esto afectaría a 190 mil familias de pescadores artesanales y limitaría la soberanía alimentaria de los chilenos. Los grupos ejercen gran influencia política a través de sus vínculos con familias poderosas y sectores políticos.
Este documento proporciona una lista detallada de los diferentes cortes de carne de res en Argentina y cómo se conocen esos cortes en otros países de América Latina como Brasil, Chile, México y España. Explica brevemente la ubicación y el uso común de cada corte.
Este documento presenta una guía de nomenclatura internacional para cortes de carne de res de Estados Unidos y diferentes países. Proporciona una lista de 42 a 52 cortes estadounidenses con sus equivalentes en más de 35 países de Latinoamérica, Europa, Asia, Oceanía y el mundo árabe. El autor explica que la guía fue desarrollada a través de una extensa investigación bibliográfica y consultas con expertos para compilar los nombres de los cortes en diferentes idiomas y culturas, con el fin de facilitar el comercio internacional de carne.
The document discusses various methods used to measure physiological phenomena in research studies, including self-report, observation, laboratory tests, electronic monitoring, and genetic tests. It provides examples of specific measurement tools like rating scales, questionnaires, interviews, and physiological monitoring devices. The key aspects of developing, validating, and implementing various measurement methods are addressed.
This document discusses the evolution of nursing research from Florence Nightingale's time to the present day. It traces how nursing research has developed from data collection on patient outcomes, to a focus on nursing education, clinical research and the nursing process. More recently, research has emphasized evidence-based practice and using various research methods and studies to synthesize the best evidence to guide nursing practice.
This document discusses the evolution of nursing research from Florence Nightingale's pioneering work in the 1850s to the current emphasis on evidence-based practice. It traces how nursing research has developed from a focus on education, clinical studies, and the nursing process to encompass a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The document also introduces key concepts in nursing research including outcomes research, intervention research, systematic reviews, and evidence-based practice guidelines.
This document discusses evidence-based practice and strategies for synthesizing evidence, including conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. It describes the 10 step process for systematic reviews, which includes formulating a clinical question, searching for and selecting studies, critically appraising studies, and developing a final report. It also discusses how to conduct meta-analyses by statistically combining data from multiple studies to determine the overall effectiveness of an intervention.
This document discusses key concepts in developing a research study, including frameworks, purposes, problems, objectives, questions, hypotheses, and variables. It provides examples of how to formulate objectives and aims for both quantitative and qualitative studies. Objectives and aims should clearly state the goal or focus of the study. Research questions are interrogative statements that include variables. Hypotheses formally predict relationships between two or more variables and can be associative or causal. Variables can be independent, which are manipulated, or dependent, which are measured outcomes.
This document discusses research objectives, questions, hypotheses, and variables. It provides examples of how to formulate objectives for quantitative and qualitative studies in 3 sentences or less. It also discusses how to write research questions for quantitative and qualitative studies. Finally, it explains the differences between independent and dependent variables, and how hypotheses involve predicting relationships between variables.
This document discusses key concepts in developing a research study, including frameworks, purposes, problems, objectives, questions, hypotheses, and variables. It provides examples of how to formulate objectives and aims for both quantitative and qualitative studies. Objectives and aims should clearly state the goal or focus of the study. Research questions are interrogative statements that include variables. Hypotheses formally predict relationships between two or more variables and can be associative or causal. Variables can be independent, which are manipulated, or dependent, which are measured outcomes. The document also distinguishes between simple and complex hypotheses as well as directional and nondirectional hypotheses.
This document discusses concepts related to measurement in research, including definitions of measurement, instrumentation, levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio), types of measurement error (random, systematic), reliability, and validity. It provides examples of different types of reliability (test-retest, internal consistency) and validity (face validity, content validity, convergent validity). The key concepts covered include assigning quantitative values to concepts being studied, developing tools to accurately measure concepts, reducing errors, and ensuring tools consistently and actually measure the intended constructs.
This document discusses the process of disseminating research findings, including developing a research report and communicating results through presentations and publications. It covers the typical sections of a research report such as the introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It also discusses strategies for targeting different audiences and outlets for sharing results, such as publishing in journals, presenting at conferences, or communicating to consumers. The goal is to share findings with others in order to advance science and nursing practice.
This document discusses the process of disseminating research findings, including developing a research report and communicating results through presentations and publications. It covers the typical sections of a research report such as the introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It also discusses strategies for targeting different audiences and outlets for sharing results, such as publishing in journals, presenting at conferences, or communicating to consumers. The goal is to share findings with others in order to advance science and nursing practice.
This document discusses nursing research and its importance. It defines nursing research as a scientific process that validates existing knowledge and generates new knowledge to improve nursing practice. The document outlines different roles nurses can play in research based on their level of education. These roles range from critically appraising studies for BSN nurses to leading research teams for PhD nurses. The document also discusses the purposes of nursing research as description, explanation, prediction, and control. It provides examples of potential research questions that could address these purposes. Finally, it briefly introduces different research methods used in nursing research.
This document discusses nursing research and its importance. It defines nursing research as a scientific process that validates existing knowledge and generates new knowledge to improve nursing practice. The document outlines different roles nurses can play in research based on their level of education. These roles range from critically appraising studies for BSN nurses to leading research teams for PhD nurses. The document also discusses the purposes of nursing research as description, explanation, prediction, and control. It provides examples of potential research questions that could address these purposes. Finally, it briefly introduces different research methods used in nursing research.
This document discusses different types of research design. It describes exploratory research, descriptive research, and experimental research designs. Exploratory research is conducted initially to gain background information and develop hypotheses. Descriptive research aims to describe characteristics of a phenomenon through qualitative methods like observations and interviews. Experimental research tests hypotheses by manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effects on a dependent variable while controlling for other factors. Key aspects of experimental design discussed are replication, randomization, and local control to ensure validity and generalizability.
This document discusses evidence-based practice and the five steps of evidence-based decision making: constructing a relevant question, searching literature, critically appraising evidence, applying evidence to clinical practice, and evaluating performance. It defines key concepts like clinical expertise, best evidence, and patient values. It also addresses barriers to implementing evidence-based practice and the role of nurses in utilizing research findings.
Nursing research aims to generate new knowledge through systematic inquiry to improve nursing practice and patient outcomes. It has evolved from a focus on education and administration to examining issues like health care delivery, quality of life, and evidence-based practice. Research follows a process including developing questions, designing studies, collecting and analyzing data, and communicating conclusions. Both quantitative and qualitative designs are used, with some focusing on discovery and others on verification. Findings must be critically appraised and implemented into practice to advance evidence-based care.
The document discusses key concepts related to research design including defining research design, the purposes of research design such as establishing the study questions and minimizing bias, and important elements to consider when designing a study like manipulation, control, randomization, and causality. It also outlines various types of research designs like true experimental, quasi-experimental, and their characteristics.
The slides will help you in knowing the components of research design in brief what is research design, components of research design, differnt types of research design
Solving research problem_3539ce35db1215c11a780b1712d47e46Kæsy Chaudhari
1. The document discusses research design, which is a plan for conducting research to answer questions or solve problems. It outlines the steps, methods, and strategies used to collect and analyze data.
2. Research design provides answers to questions like what is being studied, why it's being studied, where and when data will be collected, what techniques and sources will be used, and how results will be analyzed and reported.
3. Different types of research designs are explored, including those for exploratory, descriptive, diagnostic, and hypothesis-testing studies. Key concepts discussed include variables, hypotheses, experimental setup, and treatments.
This document provides an overview of key statistical concepts needed to understand nursing research. It discusses why knowledge of statistics is important for both qualitative and quantitative research. Some key points covered include the importance of identifying appropriate statistical tests for the study design and hypotheses, evaluating statistical and clinical significance of results, and how to perform critical appraisal of quantitative study results. The document also defines important statistical terms like types of errors, power, inference, and parametric vs nonparametric tests. Consulting a statistician early in the research process can help with developing the statistical analysis plan and properly interpreting results.
The document discusses various microbiology techniques for culturing microbes including inoculation, isolation, incubation, inspection, and identification. It describes how to produce pure cultures through methods like streak plating and describes different types of culture media including solid, liquid, enriched, selective, and differential media. The goals are to transfer microbes to produce isolated colonies, grow them under proper conditions, observe characteristics, and identify organisms through comparing data.
The document provides instructions for creating a research poster, including reviewing sample posters and an article on best practices. It discusses font size, logo placement, poster size, image and graphic quality, and elements that make a poster engaging. A sample student research poster is also included, with sections on the problem, methodology, results, conclusions, and references. The poster summarizes a study on the occupations of school-aged children who have siblings with cognitive or behavioral disabilities.
The document provides instructions for creating an effective research poster. It discusses reviewing sample posters to understand best practices like font size, logo placement, size of the poster, and quality of images. It also recommends considering what makes sample posters visually engaging and how one's own poster could be improved.
Position Your Body for Learning implements evidence-based measurements to assess optimal positioning for learning. The document describes three simple assessments - "roll", "rattle", and "rumble" - to determine if desk height matches elbow rest height and chair height matches popliteal height. It explains that proper ergonomic positioning through adjustments can improve students' attention, fine motor skills, and performance on standardized tests. The document provides a form called "Measuring for Optimal Positioning" to document student measurements and identify furniture adjustments needed.
The agenda outlines a thesis dissemination meeting that will include welcome and introductions, a syllabus review, project summaries from students, breaks, a presentation on APA style and thesis document preparation from the writing center, library resources overview, and discussion of thesis resources and dismissal. The document also lists various thesis course, poster, article, and conference resources that will be made available to students.
This document discusses program evaluation, outlining key concepts and approaches. It describes the purposes of program evaluation as determining if objectives are met and improving decision making. Formative and summative evaluations are explained, with formative used for ongoing improvement and summative to determine effects. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are appropriate, including experimental, quasi-experimental and non-experimental designs. Stakeholder involvement, utilization of results, and addressing ethical considerations are important aspects of program evaluation.
The document outlines topics from Chapter 6 of a course, including similarities and differences between intervention planning for individuals and community programs, best practices for developing mission statements and effective teams, and issues related to program sustainability. It also provides examples and activities for developing SMART goals, vision and mission statements, and sustainability plans for a fall prevention program. Resources and considerations are presented for each step of the program development process.
Compliance, motivation, and health behaviors stanbridge
This document provides information about compliance, motivation, and health behaviors as they relate to learners. It introduces several occupational therapy students and their backgrounds. The objectives cover defining key terms and discussing theories of compliance, motivation concepts, and strategies to facilitate motivation. The document then matches vocabulary terms to their definitions and discusses several theories of behavior change, including the health belief model, self-efficacy theory, protection motivation theory, stages of change model, and theory of reasoned action. Motivational strategies and the educator's role in health promotion are also outlined.
Ch 5 developmental stages of the learnerstanbridge
This document provides an overview of developmental stages of the learner from infancy through older adulthood. It begins with introductions of the presenters and learning objectives. Key terms are defined. Development is discussed in terms of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial characteristics at each stage: infancy/toddlerhood, early childhood, middle/late childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle-aged adulthood, and older adulthood. Teaching strategies are outlined for each developmental stage. The role of family in patient education is also addressed.
This document summarizes the content covered in Week 2 of a course on community-based occupational therapy practice. Chapter 3 discusses using theories from related disciplines in community practice and identifying strategies for organizing communities to meet health needs. Chapter 4 covers understanding relevant federal legislation, including laws supporting reimbursement and those focused on education, medical rehabilitation, consumer rights, and environmental issues. The document also lists vocabulary terms and guest speakers for the week.
This document outlines the topics and activities to be covered in Week 3 of a course on community health and health promotion program development. It will describe processes of environmental scanning, trend analysis, and the key steps of community health program development. Students will learn about needs assessments, theories in health promotion planning, goals and objectives, and the ecological approach. They will develop implementation strategies at different levels of intervention and learn the purposes of program evaluation. Readings, discussions, and activities are planned, including a scenario analyzing a sheltered workshop using SWOT analysis. Key terms and concepts are defined.
This document outlines the topics that will be covered in the first two chapters of a course on community-based occupational therapy practice. Chapter 1 will discuss the history and roles of OT in community-based practice as well as characteristics of effective community-based OTs. It will also cover paradigm shifts in OT. Chapter 2 will address concepts in community and public health, determinants of health, and strategies for prevention. It will discuss OT's contributions to Healthy People 2020 and its role in health promotion. The schedule includes lectures, small group work, and a guest speaker.
This document discusses how to critically appraise quantitative studies for clinical decision making. It covers evaluating the validity, reliability, and applicability of studies. Key points include assessing for bias, determining if results are statistically and clinically significant, and considering how well study findings can be applied to patients. Study designs like randomized controlled trials, case-control studies, and cohort studies are examined. The importance of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in evidence-based practice is also covered.
This document discusses the importance of clinical judgment in evidence-based nursing practice. It states that research evidence must be considered alongside patient concerns and preferences. Good clinical judgment requires carefully examining the validity of evidence and how it is applied to specific patients. The fit between evidence and each patient's unique situation is rarely perfect. Nurses must understand patients narratively and use judgment over time to determine the most appropriate care based on evidence and the patient's needs. Experiential learning and developing expertise in caring for particular patient populations enhances a nurse's clinical grasp and judgment.
This document discusses qualitative research and its application to clinical decision making. It describes how qualitative evidence can inform understanding of patient experiences and perspectives, which are important components of evidence-based practice. The document outlines different qualitative research traditions like ethnography, grounded theory, and phenomenology. It also discusses techniques for appraising qualitative studies based on their credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The key point is that qualitative evidence provides insights into human experiences, values, and meanings that can help inform clinical decisions.
This document discusses critically appraising knowledge for clinical decision making. It explains that practice should be based on unbiased, reliable evidence rather than tradition. The three main sources of knowledge for evidence-based practice are valid research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient choices. Clinical practice guidelines are the primary source to guide decisions as they synthesize research evidence. Internal evidence from quality improvement projects applies specifically to the setting where it was collected, unlike external evidence which is more generalizable. Both internal and external evidence should be combined using the PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) cycle for continuous improvement.
This document discusses implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical settings. It emphasizes that engaging all stakeholders, including clinical staff, administrators, and other disciplines, is key. It also stresses that assessing and addressing barriers like knowledge, attitudes, and resources is important. Finally, it highlights that evaluating outcomes through quantifiable measures can help determine the impact of EBP changes on patient care.
This document discusses clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), including how they are developed based on evidence, how they can standardize care while allowing flexibility, and how to evaluate and implement them. It notes that CPGs systematically develop statements to guide regional diagnosis and treatment based on the best available evidence. While CPGs provide time-effective guidance, the commitment of caregivers is most important for successful implementation.
This document discusses key aspects of writing a successful grant proposal. It explains that grant proposals request funding for research or evidence-based projects by outlining specific aims, background, significance, methodology, budget, and personnel. Successful grant writers are passionate, meticulous planners who can persuade reviewers of a project's importance and address potential barriers. The most important initial question is whether a project meets the funding organization's application criteria. Proposals need compelling abstracts that explain why a project deserves funding and clearly written background and methodology sections. Common weaknesses that can lead to rejection are a lack of significance or novel ideas and inadequate description of study design.
The document discusses ethical considerations for evidence implementation and generation in healthcare. It outlines key ethical principles like beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy and justice. These principles form the foundation for core dimensions of healthcare quality according to the Institute of Medicine. The document also differentiates between clinical research, quality improvement initiatives, and evidence-based practice. It notes some controversies around applying different ethical standards to research versus quality improvement. Overall, the document provides an overview of how ethical principles guide evidence-based healthcare practices and quality improvement efforts.