The document discusses feasibility analysis and system proposals. It identifies six types of feasibility - operational, cultural, technical, schedule, economic, and legal feasibility - and their respective criteria for evaluating proposed information systems. Various techniques for assessing economic feasibility like payback analysis, return on investment, and net present value analysis are described. The document also discusses writing system proposals, including recommended formats, elements, and guidelines for formal written reports and presentations to stakeholders.
These slides, covering the topics of Software Maintenance and Evolution, are introductory slides to the course LINGI2252 “Software Maintenance and Evolution”, given by Prof. Kim Mens at UCL, Belgium
These slides, covering the topics of Software Maintenance and Evolution, are introductory slides to the course LINGI2252 “Software Maintenance and Evolution”, given by Prof. Kim Mens at UCL, Belgium
Allocation of processors to processes in Distributed Systems. Strategies or algorithms for processor allocation. Design and Implementation Issues of Strategies.
Usability Engineering Presentation Slideswajahat Gul
Usability: the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.“
For instance:
• Appropriate for a purpose
• Comprehensible, usable, (learnable), …
• Ergonomic, high-performance, ...
• Reliable, robust, …
PATRI 00. Framework for Scaling Social Business - Rizwan TayabaliRizwan Tayabali
DIY Framework to help social enterprises and social businesses to scale their impact and operations.The PATRI Framework takes you through each step of the scaling process, from defining vision to rolling out your solution at scale.
Allocation of processors to processes in Distributed Systems. Strategies or algorithms for processor allocation. Design and Implementation Issues of Strategies.
Usability Engineering Presentation Slideswajahat Gul
Usability: the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.“
For instance:
• Appropriate for a purpose
• Comprehensible, usable, (learnable), …
• Ergonomic, high-performance, ...
• Reliable, robust, …
PATRI 00. Framework for Scaling Social Business - Rizwan TayabaliRizwan Tayabali
DIY Framework to help social enterprises and social businesses to scale their impact and operations.The PATRI Framework takes you through each step of the scaling process, from defining vision to rolling out your solution at scale.
In this business analysis training, you will learn Gap Analysis. Topics covered in this session are:
• GAP Analysis
• Basic Process
• Stages
• Feasibility Study
• What is Feasibility Study?
• Why?
• Types
• ROI
• Feasibility Matrix
• Example
For more information, visit this link: https://www.mindsmapped.com/courses/business-analysis/business-analyst-training-for-beginners/
Online auction system is web based application, in which the seller can sell the goods by sitting in his own house ,so the main advantage of this application is that there is no more system compatibility requirement problem. The main advantage of the online auction system is that the user can have the better choices for their investment and also it is time saving , and through this system user can invest in their own selected firm.
https://www.learntek.org/blog/sdlc-phases/
https://www.learntek.org/
Learntek is global online training provider on Big Data Analytics, Hadoop, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, IOT, AI, Cloud Technology, DEVOPS, Digital Marketing and other IT and Management courses.
https://www.learntek.org/blog/sdlc-phases/
https://www.learntek.org/
Learntek is global online training provider on Big Data Analytics, Hadoop, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, IOT, AI, Cloud Technology, DEVOPS, Digital Marketing and other IT and Management courses.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
2. Objectives
• Identify feasibility checkpoints in the systems life
cycle.
• Identify alternative system solutions.
• Define and describe six types of feasibility and
their respective criteria.
• Perform various cost-benefit analyses using
time-adjusted costs and benefits.
• Write suitable system proposal reports for
different audiences.
• Plan for a formal presentation to system owners
and users.
11-2
4. Feasibility Analysis
Feasibility – the measure of how beneficial or
practical an information system will be to an
organization.
Feasibility analysis – the process by which
feasibility is measured.
Creeping Commitment – an approach to
feasibility that proposes that feasibility should be
measured throughout the life cycle.
11-4
6. Six Tests For Feasibility
Operational feasibility – a measure of how well a
solution meets the system requirements.
Cultural (or political) feasibility - a measure of how
well a solution will be accepted in an organizational
climate.
Technical feasibility – a measure of the practicality of a
technical solution and the availability of technical
resources and expertise.
Schedule feasibility – a measure of how reasonable the
project timetable is.
Economic feasibility - a measure of the cost-
effectiveness of a project or solution.
Legal feasibility - a measure of how well a solution can
be implemented within existing legal/contractual
11-6 obligations.
7. Operational Feasibility
• How well proposed system solves the
problems and takes advantage of
opportunities identified during the scope
definition and problem analysis phases
• How well proposed system satisfies
system requirements identified in the
requirements analysis phase
• Is the problem still worth solving?
11-7
8. Cultural (or political) feasibility
• Does management support the system?
• How do end users feel about their role in
the system?
• What end users may resist or not use the
system? How can this be overcome?
• How will the working environment
change? Can users and management
adapt to the change?
11-8
9. Technical feasibility
• Is the proposed technology or solution
practical?
• Do we currently possess the necessary
technology?
• Do we possess the necessary technical
expertise?
11-9
10. Schedule feasibility
• Are specified deadlines mandatory or
desirable?
• Are mandatory deadlines realistic for
proposed solution?
11-10
11. Economic feasibility
• During Scope Definition
• Do the problems or opportunities warrant the cost of
a detailed study and analysis of the current system?
• During Problem Analysis
• After a detailed study of the current system
• Better estimates of development costs and benefits
• During Decision Analysis
• Requirements now defined
• Development costs can be better estimated
11-11
12. Legal feasibility
• Copyrights
• Union contracts
• Legal requirements for financial reporting
• Antitrust laws
• National data and work laws
11-12
13. Information System Costs
• Development costs - one time costs that will
not recur after the project has been completed.
• Personnel
• Computer usage
• Training
• Supply, duplication, and equipment
• Computer equipment and software
• Operating costs - costs that recur throughout
the lifetime of the system.
• Fixed costs — occur at regular intervals but at
relatively fixed rates.
• Variable costs — occur in proportion to usage.
11-13
14. Information System Benefits
• Tangible benefits are those that can be easily
quantified.
• Intangible benefits are those benefits believed
to be difficult or impossible to quantify.
• Fewer processing errors
• Increased throughput
• Decreased response time
• Elimination of job steps
• Increased sales
• Reduced credit losses
• Reduced expenses
11-14
16. Three Popular Techniques to
Assess Economic Feasibility
• Payback Analysis
• Return On Investment
• Net Present Value
11-16
17. Time Value of Money
• Used with all three cost-effectiveness
techniques.
• Concept that recognizes that a dollar today is
worth more than a dollar one year from now.
• Invest $100 at 2% for one year yields $102.
• So $100 today and $102 one year from today
represent the same value.
• Given $20,000 benefit from information system two
years from now and 10% return from other
investments, means that benefit is worth $16,528
today.
11-17
18. Payback Analysis
Payback analysis – a technique for
determining if and when an investment will
pay for itself.
Payback period – the period of time that
will lapse before accrued benefits overtake
accrued and continuing costs.
11-18
19. Present Value Formula
Present value – the current value of a
dollar at any time in the future.
PVn = 1/(1 + i)n
Where n is the number of years and i is discount rate
Discount rate – a percentage similar to
interest rates that you earn on your savings.
• In most cases the discount rate for a business is the
11-19
opportunity cost of being able to invest money in
other projects or investments
21. Return-on-Investment Analysis
(ROI)
Return-on-Investment (ROA) analysis – a
technique that compares the lifetime profitability
of alternative solutions.
The ROI for a solution or project is a percentage rate that
measures the relationship between the amount the business
gets back from an investment and the amount invested.
Lifetime ROI =
(estimated lifetime benefits – estimated lifetime costs) /
estimated lifetime costs
Annual ROI = lifetime ROI / lifetime of the system
11-21
22. Net Present Value (NPV)
Analysis
Net present value – analysis technique that compares
annual discounted costs and benefits of alternative
solutions.
11-22
23. Candidate Systems Matrix
Candidate 1 Name Candidate 2 Name Candidate 3 Name
Stakeholders
Knowledge
Processes
Communications
Candidate Systems Matrix – a tool used to document
similarities and differences between candidate systems.
• Stakeholders - how system will interact with people and other
systems.
• Knowledge - how data will be implemented, how inputs will be
captured, how outputs will be generated.
• Processes - how processes will be built and implemented.
• Communications - how processes and data will be
11-23
distributed.
24. Sample Candidate Systems
Matrix
Characteristics Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Portion of System COTS package Platinum Member Services and Same as candidate 2.
Computerized Plus from Entertainment warehouse operations in
Brief description of that portion Software Solutions would be relation to order fulfillment.
of the system that would be purchased and customized
computerized in this candidate. to satisfy Member Services
required functionality.
Benefits This solution can be Fully supports user required Same as candidate 2.
Brief description of the implemented quickly business processes for
business benefits that would because it’s a purchased SoundStage Inc. Plus more
be realized for this candidate. solution. efficient interaction with
member accounts.
Servers and Technically architecture Same as candidate 1. Same as candidate 1.
Workstations dictates Pentium III, MS
A description of the servers Windows 2000 class servers
and workstations needed to and workstations (clients).
support this candidate.
Software Tools Needed MS Visual C++ and MS MS Visual Basic 5.0 MS Visual Basic 5.0
Software tools needed to Access for customization of System Architect 2001 System Architect 2001
design and build the candidate package to provide report Internet Explorer Internet Explorer
(e.g., database management writing and integration.
system, emulators, operating
systems, languages, etc.). Not
generally applicable if
11-24
applications software
packages are to be purchased.
25. Sample Candidate Systems
Matrix (cont.)
Characteristics Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Application Software Package solution Custom Solution Same as candidate 2.
A description of the software
to be purchased, built,
accessed, or some
combination of these
techniques.
Method of Data Client/Server Same as candidate 1. Same as candidate 1.
Processing
Generally some combination
of: on-line, batch, deferred
batch, remote batch, and real-
time.
Output Devices and (2) HP4MV (2) HP4MV department laser Same as candidate 2.
Implications department laser printers.
A description of output devices printers (2) HP5SI LAN laser printers
that would be used, special (2) HP5SI LAN laser
output requirements, (e.g., (1) PRINTRONIX bar-code printer
printers (includes software & drivers)
network, preprinted forms,
etc.), and output
considerations (e.g., timing
constratints)
Web pages must be designed to
VGA resolution. All internal
11-25 screens will be designed for
SVGA resolution.
26. Sample Candidate Systems
Matrix (cont.)
Characteristics Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Input devices and Keyboard & mouse. Apple “Quick Take” digital camera Same as candidate 2.
Implications and software
A description of input methods (15) PSC Quickscan laser bar-
to be used, input devices (e.g., code scanners
keyboard, mouse, etc.),
special input requirements (1) HP Scanjet 4C Flatbed
(e.g., new or revised forms Scanner
from which data would be Keyboard and mouse
input), and input
considerations (e.g., timing of
actual inputs).
Storage Devices and MS SQL Server Same as candidate 1. Same as candidate 1.
Implications DBMS with 1000GB
Brief description of what data arrayed capability.
would be stored, what data
would be accessed from
existing stores, what storage
media would be used, how
much storage capacity would
be needed, and how data
would be organized.
11-26
27. Feasibility Analysis Matrix
Feasibility Analysis Matrix – a tool
used to rank candidate systems.
Weighting Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Description
Operational Feasibility
Cultural Feasibility
Technical Feasibility
Schedule Feasibility
Economic Feasibility
Legal Feasibility
Ranking
11-27
28. Sample Feasibility Analysis
Matrix
Wt Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Description Purchase commercial Write new application in- Rewrite current in-house
off-the-shelf package for house using new company application using
member services. standard VB.NET and SQL Powerbuilder.
Server database
Operational 15% Supports only Member Fully supports user- Fully supports user-
feasibility Services requirements. required functionality. required functionality.
Current business
process would have to
be modified to take Score: 100 Score: 100
advantage of software
functionality. Also there
is concern about security
in the system.
Score: 60
Cultural 15% Possible user resistance No foreseeable problems. No foreseeable problems.
Feasibility to non-standard user
interface of proposed
purchased package. Score: 100 Score: 100
Score: 70
11-28
29. Sample Feasibility Analysis Matrix
(cont.)
Wt Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Technical 20% Current production Solution requires writing Although current technical
feasibility release of Platinum Plus application in VB .NET. staff is comfortable with
package is version 1.0 Although current Powerbuilder, management
and has been on the technical staff has only is concerned about
market for only 6 weeks. Powerbuilder acquisition of Powerbuilder
Maturity of product is a experience, it should be by Sybase Inc. MS SQL
risk, and company relatively easy to find Server is the current
charges and additional programmers with VB company standard for
monthly fee for technical .NET experience. database, which competes
support. with Sybase DBMS. We
have no guarantee that
Score: 95
future versions of
Required to hire or train
Powerbuilder will "play well"
Java J2EE expertise to
with our current version of
perform modifications for
SQL Server.
integration requirements.
Score: 60
Score: 50
11-29
30. Sample Feasibility Analysis Matrix
(cont.)
Wt Candidate 1 Candidate 2 Candidate 3
Economic 30%
feasibility
Cost to
develop: Approx. $350.000 Approx. $418.000 Approx. $400.000
Payback
(discounted): Approx. 4.5 years Approx. 3.5 years Approx. 3.3 years
Net present Approx. $210,000 Approx. $307,000 Approx. $325,000
value:
Detailed
calculations: See Attachment A See Attachment A See Attachment A
Score: 60 Score: 85 Score: 90
11-30
32. The System Proposal
System proposal – a report or
presentation of a recommended solution.
• Usually formal written report or oral
presentation
• Intended for system owners and users
11-32
33. Length of the Written Report
• To Executive-level managers - one or two
pages
• To Middle-level managers - three to five
pages
• To Supervisory-level managers - less
than 10 pages
• To clerk-level personnel - less than 50
pages.
11-33
34. Formats for Written Reports
• factual format - traditional and best suited to readers
interested in facts and details as well as conclusions.
• administrative format - modern, result-oriented format
preferred by managers and executives.
Factual Format Administrative Format
I. Introduction I. Introduction
II. Methods and procedures II. Conclusions and recommendations
III. Facts and details III. Summary and discussion of facts
and details
IV. Discussion and analysis of IV. Methods and procedures
facts and details
V. Recommendations V. Final conclusion
VI. Conclusion VI. Appendixes with facts and details
11-34
35. Organization of the Written
Report
• Primary elements present the actual
information that the report is intended to
convey.
• Secondary elements package the report
so the reader can easily identify the report
and its primary elements.
11-35
36. Secondary Elements for a
Written Report
Letter of transmittal
Title page
Table of contents
List of figures, illustrations, and tables
Abstract or executive summary
(The primary elements--the body of the report, in either the factual
or administrative format--are presented in this portion of the
report.)
11-36 Appendices
37. Writing the Report
• Paragraphs should
convey a single idea.
• Sentences should not
be too complex.
• Write in active voice.
• Eliminate jargon, big
words, and deadwood.
11-37
38. System Proposal – formal
presentations
Formal presentation – a special meeting used
to sell new ideas and gain approval for new
systems. They may also be used for any of
these purposes:
• Sell new system
• Sell new ideas
• Head off criticism
• Address concerns
• Verify conclusions
• Clarify facts
11-38 • Report progress
39. Typical Outline and Time Allocation
for an Oral Presentation
I. Introduction (one-sixth of total time available)
A. Problem statement
B. Work completed to date
II. Part of the presentation (two-thirds of total time available)
A. Summary of existing problems and limitations
B. Summary description of the proposed system
C. Feasibility analysis
D. Proposed schedule to complete project
III. Questions and concerns from the audience (time here is not to be included in the time allotted
for presentation and conclusion; it is determined by those asking the questions and voicing
their concerns)
IV. Conclusion (one-sixth of total time available)
A. Summary of proposal
B. Call to action (request for whatever authority you require to continue systems
11-39 development)
41. Conducting the Formal
Presentation
• Dress professionally.
• Avoid using the "I" word when making the
presentation.
• Maintain eye contact with the group and
keep an air of confidence.
• Be aware of your own mannerisms.
11-41
42. When Answering Questions
• Always answer a question seriously, even
if you think it is a silly question.
• Answer both the individual who asked the
question and the entire audience.
• Summarize your answers.
• Limit the amount of time you spend
answering any one question.
• Be honest.
11-42
Editor's Notes
This repository of slides is intended to support the named chapter. The slide repository should be used as follows: Copy the file to a unique name for your course and unit. Edit the file by deleting those slides you don’t want to cover, editing other slides as appropriate to your course, and adding slides as desired. Print the slides to produce transparency masters or print directly to film or present the slides using a computer image projector. Each slide includes instructor notes. To view those notes in PowerPoint, click-left on the View Menu; then click left on Notes View sub-menu. You may need to scroll down to see the instructor notes.
No additional notes.
Teaching Notes This slide shows the how this chapter's content fits with the building blocks framework used throughout the textbook. We are in the Decision Analysis phase when all the logical DATA, PROCESS, and COMMUNICATION analysis is evaluated to produce a system proposal. For the first time system designers are involved in the process as well as systems analysts, owners, and users.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
Conversion Notes Cultural (or political) feasibility and legal feasibility are new to the seventh edition. Teaching Notes It is useful to take an example information system and explain how it might fail each test of feasibility. For example, a payroll system might fail legal feasibility for a multi-national corporation faced with national laws regarding the exportation of employee data. Emphasize that all candidates should be analyzed according to all of the above criteria. Students should understand that rarely will any one candidate solution be the most feasible candidate according to all criteria.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide in the seventh edition.
Teaching Notes Our experience suggests that students will need examples of each. The chapter includes several examples. Try providing the students with a list of items and ask them to classify them as a cost or benefit and to distinguish between the type of cost or benefit. While students tend to understand intangible benefits, they may have some difficulty in quantifying them. An exercise or two will help to reinforce the fact that intangible benefits can indeed be quantified.
Teaching Notes Our experience suggests that students will need examples of each. The chapter includes several examples. Try providing the students with a list of items and ask them to classify them as a cost or benefit and to distinguish between the type of cost or benefit. While students tend to understand intangible benefits, they may have some difficulty in quantifying them. An exercise or two will help to reinforce the fact that intangible benefits can indeed be quantified.
Teaching Notes We often walk through this line-by-line. Though this is not representative of every information system project, it does illustrate typical costs. For instance, note that programmer/analysts are needed after the system goes into operation. Users always want some revisions.
Teaching Notes While the textbook covers only the above popular techniques, it is important to stress that there may be others that organizations choose to use in assessing the economic feasibility of an investment. Stress the importance of determining the investment decision-making process or techniques used by the organization. It should also be pointed out that sometimes the techniques vary according to the individuals involved.
Teaching Notes It is well worth going over this concept carefully as it is the basis for all calculations on succeeding slides.
No additional notes.
Teaching Notes While you may want your students to know this formula, be sure to emphasize that PV tables are available and spreadsheets generally include a PV function. Point out that the lifetime of an investment may be dictated by an organization and its investment decision makers. Point out that the interest rate is often dictated. Many companies choose to use the current prime rate.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
Teaching Notes This is a greatly simplified version of the Candidate Systems Matrix shown on the next slides. The actual matrix can vary, but in any methodology the candidates should be evaluated in these general areas.
No additional notes.
Teaching Notes The weightings serve to make some kinds of feasibility more important in the rankings than others kinds. The weightings should add up to 100%.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
Conversion Notes This is a new slide for the seventh edition
Conversion Notes The definitions were added to this slide for the seventh edition.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
Conversion Notes The bulleted guidelines are new to the seventh edition.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
No additional notes.
Conversion Notes This slide is new to the seventh edition.
Conversion Notes This slide is new to the seventh edition.