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Chameleon suitjun02
The document proposes a "Chameleon Suit" concept that would liberate human space exploration by developing a more adaptive spacesuit. It envisions a suit that integrates life support, environmental protection, and mobility functions through emerging technologies. A multi-phase study is outlined to develop the concept through technology exploration, system design, and establishing a roadmap. The goal is a suit that can adapt to environmental conditions, harvest energy from the environment, and potentially regenerate oxygen through artificial photosynthesis.
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Chameleon suitjun02
- 1. A Chameleon Suitto Liberate Human Exploration of Space Environments Ed Hodgson HSSSI Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 1
- 2. Introduction • “Toboldly go …… – We’ve found that you need a spacesuit – Vacuum, radiation, extreme heat and cold, micrometeoroids – This sure isn’t Kansas … So… • “Working in their bulky spacesuits … – But does it have to be this way forever? – We think not! Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 2
- 3. Overview • StudyFoundations • The Phase I Chameleon Suit Study • The Phase II Study Concept • The Emergence of Enabling Technologies • The Study Plan • Where It All Leads Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 3
- 4. Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Systems Development History • The base paradigm – “Protecting the human from a hostile environment” • Subsystem architecture – Protective pressure suit – Life support – Communication & information Life Support - Oxygen supply - CO2 removal - Humidity - Waste heat - Trace contaminants - Pressure control - Gas circulation Information Systems Pressure Suit (Isolation) - Insulation - Pressure barrier - MMOD - Radiation Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 4
- 5. Human Systems InEvery-Day Life • Environmentally adaptive & connected – Multi-tiered control – Broad tolerance • Functionally integrated – Multi-purpose systems – Distributed functions 1 2 3 4 Insulation Factor(CLO) Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 5 From: NASA STD 3000
- 6. The Phase IChameleon Suit Study Sun Heated Surfaces Insulated Metabolic Heat Rejected Through Transmissive Surfaces With Low Sink Temperature • Testing a new space-suit paradigm: – Working with the environment – Integration of life support and pressure garment • Focus on thermal management • Applying emerging technologies Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 6
- 7. The Phase IChameleon Suit Study •According to environmental conditions • Vary conduction - active polymers control layer spacing • Vary layer emissivity Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 7
- 8. The Phase IIStudy Concept Active Heat Transport Selective Mass Transport Energy Harvesting CO2 H2O O2 Oxygen Recovery Active Suit Fit Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 8
- 9. Active Heat TransportTechnology • Micro-machines • Thermoelectrics • Recent breakthroughs in performance • Flexible thermoelectric polymers • Distributed thin-film modules Progress of Thermoelectic Improvements 5 Polymer state of the art Figure of Merit, ZT Conventional material 4 3 2 1 0 state of the art Commercially available material 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Year Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 9
- 10. Active Suit FitTechnology • Personal & variable fitting • Mechanical Counter Pressure (MCP) increases mobility & flexibility – SMA mesh – Smart gels • Joints – Unidirectional Stretch Fabric • Active mobility support Active Fit Mat’ls Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 10
- 11. Selective Mass TransportTechnology • Separate CO2, H2O from O2 with minimal O2 loss • Facilitated transport of CO2 through chemical reaction • Facilitators immobilized in membrane CO2 H2O 0.1 1 10 100 1000 O2 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 CO2 permeance x10-5 (scm3/cm2/sec/cmHg) Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 11 CO2/N2 selectivity Performance Sodium goal glycinate sodium carbonate
- 12. Energy Harvesting IdealPower Recovery Potential From Metabolic Waste Heat With Radiation To Various Heat Sinks 28 89 167 194 222 117 234 352 469 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Power (watts) Tsink (K) Met. Rate (Watts) Power (Watts) 120-140 100-120 80-100 60-80 40-60 20-40 0-20 • Incident Sunlight – Increased solar cell efficiency – Thin, flexible solar arrays • Waste Metabolic Heat – Lower radiating temperatures – Thermoelectric heat pumps • Reduce battery size • Local storage eliminates need for power distribution Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 12
- 13. Oxygen Recovery –Artificial Photosynthesis • Transform CO2, H2O back into O2 and fuel • Thermo-chemical reactions, electrochemical reactions, catalysis • Interest from environmen-tal, biochemistry, medical fields sugars CO2 Carbon fixation NADPH NADP H+ light light e-e-e- chlorophyll chlorophyll PS II PS I Water O2+H+ H+ ADP ATP ATPase thylakoid membrane H+ http://photoscience.la.asu.edu/photosyn/education/photointro.html Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 13
- 14. The Emergence ofEnabling Technologies Advanced Materials Technologies Bio-mimetic Technologies Advanced Information Technologies Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 14
- 15. Advanced Materials Technology Molecular Design Capabilities Nano-assembly Capabilities Engineered Polymers / Nano-composites Thermal Optical Functional Materials Chemical Mechanical CO2 H2O O2 Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 15
- 16. Advanced Information Technologies CAD / CASE Tools Advanced Manufacture Reducing Scale Advanced Integration Connectivity/ Networking Technologies Smaller, Faster, Cheaper, Systems Advanced, Electrically Active Materials Integrated Intelligence Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 16
- 17. Bio-Mimetic Technologies Learningfrom nature Understanding biological materials and processes Biologically inspired designs and approaches Self assembling systems Advanced Materials Toolbox Biocatalysts Bio-membranes Engineered Bio-mimetic Designs Artificial Muscles Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 17
- 18. The Study Plan– What We Are Doing About It • Technology exploration • System concept development • System concept characterization – Prioritization and selection • NASA coordination • Technology needs and potential assessment • Roadmap definition Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 18
- 19. The Study Plan System Evolution Perspective Chameleon Suit Concept Evolution Roadmap 2010 2040 Research Needs & Directions Enabling Concept Technologies Evolution No-Expendables Heat Rejection Integrated Heat Pump Self -Fitting Pressure Suit Integrated CO2 & H2O Management Energy Generation & Capture O2 Regeneration Smart Polymers MEMS Wearable Electronics Polymeric Thermo-Electrics Microturbines / Micro-channel HX High Force Active Polymer Advanced Joint Designs Chemical Transport Smart Polymers - Selective Membranes Polymer Photo- & Thermo-Electrics Advanced Energy Storage Biomimetic Technologies Artificial Photosynthesis Active Polymer Space Environment Tolerance High Performance IR Electro-chromics Fabric - MEMS Integration Large Scale Wearables Integration Flexible, Light Weight, Thermo-electric Heat Pump Efficient Integrated Micro-Fluid Systems Electro-Active Polymer Molecular Design Advanced Structural Design and Modeling Controlled Anisotropic Materials Chemically Enhanced Transport Membranes Transport Control Mechanisms Integration With Active Polymers High Efficiency Photo Conversion Extended Life Metastable States Enhanced Charge Transfer Broad Spectrum Photo-Energy Capture High Efficiency Thermal Energy Conversion Low Energy Cost Reactions Oxygen Recovery Carbon Fixation Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 19
- 20. Where It AllLeads Chameleon Suit, Ed Hodgson 20