The document discusses the social aspect of BIM, which accounts for 90% of its value according to some experts. It notes that while CAD systems improved collaboration to some extent through features like external references, they still had limitations. BIM addresses this through integrated tools that link and share models and data in real-time, allowing different stakeholders to interact virtually and contribute to a project simultaneously. When team members utilize these collaboration features effectively, it can significantly improve coordination, productivity and the project outcome.

1. ‫االجتماعي‬ ‫والجانب‬ ‫البيم‬ :‫الرابع‬ ‫الفصل‬
Chapter Four: BIM (the Social aspect)
:‫مقدمة‬
‫األمريكي‬ ‫العمارة‬ ‫معهد‬ ‫مدير‬ ‫سيمبسون‬ ‫سكوت‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الكثيرون‬ ‫يقتبس‬AIA ‫عن‬ ‫عبارة‬ ‫البيم‬ ‫"إن‬ :‫قوله‬
10
%
‫و‬ ‫تكنولوجيا‬
90
%
‫عدة‬ ‫في‬ ‫استعماله‬ ‫وتم‬ ‫الهشيم‬ ‫في‬ ‫كالنار‬ ‫القول‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫انتشر‬ ،‫إجتماع‬ ‫علم‬
‫بالتشكي‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫وبدأ‬ ً‫ا‬‫متكلف‬‫أصبح‬ ‫حتى‬ ،‫بالموضوع‬ ‫متعلقة‬ ‫وغير‬ ‫متعلقة‬ ‫مناسبات‬
‫في‬ ‫والهدف‬ ،‫به‬ ‫ك‬
‫الجا‬ ‫على‬ ‫والتركيز‬ ‫مفهومه‬‫وتبسيط‬ ‫الجزء‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫شرح‬ ‫هو‬ ‫الفصل‬ ‫هذا‬
‫ونصيبه‬ ‫اإلجتماعي‬ ‫نب‬
‫األكبر‬
_
90
%
.‫البناء‬ ‫معلومات‬ ‫نمذجة‬ ‫من‬ _
‫المع‬ ‫بتبادل‬ ‫تؤمن‬ ‫التي‬ ‫المجتمع‬ ‫قدرة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫يحتاج‬ ‫البيم‬
‫بين‬ ‫لومات‬
.‫المشروع‬ ‫في‬ ‫المشاركة‬ ‫والخارجية‬ ‫الداخلية‬ ‫األطراف‬ ‫جميع‬
There are many who quote from Scott Simpson, the director of the American Institute of
Architecture (AIA), his saying: "BIM is a 10% technology and 90% sociology". This
saying spread like wildfire and was used in many related and non-related occasions until
it became mannered and some began to misbelieve it. The aim of this chapter is
explaining this part, simplifying its concept and focusing on the social aspect and its
largest share _90% _ of Building Information Modeling. BIM needs the community which
believes in the exchange of information between all internal and external parties involved
in the project.
] ‫تكلف‬ ‫قد‬ ‫التي‬ ‫وقراراتهم‬ ‫مركزهم‬ ‫خطورة‬ ‫والتخطيط‬ ‫الهندسة‬ ‫مجال‬ ‫في‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫معظم‬ ‫يعي‬
‫توفر‬ ‫أو‬
‫وع‬ ،‫عالية‬ ‫تنافسية‬ ‫وذات‬ ‫ومتوترة‬ ‫قلقة‬ ‫بيئة‬ ‫في‬ ‫فإنهم‬ ‫لذلك‬ ،‫طائلة‬ ‫مبالغ‬ ‫الشركة‬ ‫على‬
‫من‬ ‫الرغم‬ ‫لى‬
‫تعاون‬ ‫ثغرات‬ ‫على‬ ‫تطوره‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫احتوى‬ ‫أنه‬ ‫إال‬ ‫الكاد‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫تطور‬
‫أح‬ ‫الموقوتة‬ ‫كالقنابل‬ ‫كانت‬
ً‫ا‬‫يان‬
،
‫الـ‬ ‫(أو‬ ‫الخارجية‬ ‫المرجعية‬ ‫الـملفات‬ ‫فكرة‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫على‬ ‫وكمثال‬External References, x-ref. )
‫الكبير‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫لتقسيم‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫التنسيق‬ ‫لزيادة‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫فراغ‬ ‫في‬ ‫اختصاصين‬ ‫ربط‬ ‫لمحاولة‬
‫أجزاء‬ ‫لعدة‬
‫مك‬ ‫غير‬ ‫فكرة‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫أنها‬ ‫إال‬ ‫إنجازها‬ ‫المجموعات‬ ‫على‬ ‫يسهل‬
‫ف‬ ‫عند‬ ‫عكسي‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫وعملت‬ ،‫تملة‬
‫قدان‬
.‫الخطأ‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫مضاعفته‬ ‫أو‬ ‫تعديله‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الملف‬ ‫ذلك‬
Most of whom working in engineering and planning fields are aware of the seriousness
of their position and their decisions which may cost the company much more or much
less, so they are in a tense and highly competitive environment and despite of the

2. development in CAD system, it had many cooperation loopholes such as using External
References, x-ref.for linking between two disciplines in one work space to boost
coordination, or to split big projects into smaller parts to be easier to be handled, but it all
turned out to be uncompleted concept and worked on contrary in case of losing the
project file, editing, or duplicating it by mistake.
‫أعض‬ ‫بين‬ ‫اإلفتراضي‬ ‫للتفاعل‬ ‫الطرق‬ ‫من‬ ‫الكثير‬ ‫شاملة‬ ‫البيم‬ ‫تقنية‬ ‫جاءت‬ ‫وبالمقابل‬
‫مبنية‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫اء‬
‫نظ‬ ‫في‬ ‫الخارجية‬ ‫المرجعية‬ ‫الملفات‬ ‫استبدال‬ ‫وتم‬ ،‫الربط‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الخطأ‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫أساس‬ ‫على‬
‫الكاد‬ ‫ام‬
‫أنواعها‬ ‫بمختلف‬ ‫الملفات‬ ‫ربط‬ ‫مبدأ‬ ‫على‬ ‫تعمل‬ ‫فعالية‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫بأدوات‬Linking ‫ب‬ ‫والمشاركة‬
‫فريق‬ ‫ين‬
‫واحد‬ ‫تخصص‬ ‫عمل‬Sharing work ‫العاملين‬ ‫صالحيات‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫من‬ ‫النموذج‬ ‫مدير‬ ‫تمكن‬ ‫والتي‬ ،
،‫العمليات‬ ‫من‬ ‫وغيرها‬.... ‫تعديل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫وإدخال‬ ‫قراءة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫للقراءة‬ ‫النموذج‬ ‫يخصص‬ ‫كأن‬ ،‫عليه‬
‫والتي‬
‫مكت‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫المالحظات‬ ‫ترك‬ ‫إلمكانية‬ ‫إضافة‬ ،‫بالعمل‬ ‫المناط‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫مسؤولية‬ ‫مع‬ ‫تتوافق‬
‫وب‬
‫أو‬
‫خيارات‬ ‫وجميعها‬ ،‫المباشرة‬ ‫المحادثة‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫حتى‬ ‫أو‬ ‫مرفقة‬ ‫مستندات‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫على‬ ‫أو‬ ‫مطبوع‬
‫رائعة‬
‫بش‬ ‫تفعيلها‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫يختار‬ ‫لم‬ ‫ما‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫بين‬ ‫تفاعل‬ ‫أي‬ ‫تحقق‬ ‫لن‬ ‫لكنها‬
‫لزيادة‬ ‫إيجابي‬ ‫كل‬
.‫العمل‬ ‫إلنجاز‬ ‫وتواصلهم‬ ‫تعاونهم‬
Per contra, the BIM technology contains many virtual interaction ways among the team
members and it is based on avoiding clashes using linking principle. The external
reference files in CAD system were replaced with more effective tools which are based
on the principle of linking and work sharing. They allow the model manager to determine
authorities of who works on it: reading only, reading and writing, modifying .... and other
processes which correspond to responsibility of the person in charge, in addition to the

3. possibility of leaving written , printed , attached notes or even direct conversation and
they are all great options but they will not achieve better communication unless the team
members choose to use them effectively to increase their collaboration and productivity.
‫اإلحصاءات‬ ‫تعددت‬
ً‫ا‬‫مؤخر‬‫واإلستقصاءات‬
‫عام‬ ‫منذ‬ ‫وفوائده‬‫البيم‬ ‫عن‬
2007
‫تحسن‬ ‫أي‬ ‫ومالحظة‬ ،‫م‬
‫بي‬ ‫عام‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫واألداء‬‫الميزانية‬ ‫وتقدير‬ ،‫الوقت‬ ‫وتوفير‬،‫التشغيل‬ ‫تكلفة‬ ‫انخفاض‬ ‫في‬
‫المقاولين‬ ‫ن‬
‫س‬ ‫وظهر‬ .‫عظيمة‬ ‫وفائدة‬ ‫ملحوظ‬ ‫تحسن‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إيجابا‬ ‫الجميع‬ ‫وإجابة‬ ،‫ك‬ّ‫ال‬ُ‫م‬‫وال‬ ‫واالستشاريين‬
‫ؤال‬
!‫(لماذا؟‬ ‫آخر‬
‫الب‬ ‫يميز‬ ‫ما‬ )‫الفائدة؟‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫زيادة‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫وكيف‬ ‫؟‬ً‫ا‬‫مفيد‬ ‫تجعله‬ ‫التي‬ ‫العناصر‬ ‫وماهي‬
ً‫ال‬‫فع‬ ‫يم‬
‫ا‬ ‫الفروع‬ ‫من‬‫التحسينات‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الحسنات‬ ‫من‬ ‫الكثير‬ ‫استيراد‬ ‫إمكانية‬ ‫في‬ ‫المتمثلة‬ ‫مرونته‬ ‫هو‬
‫لعلمية‬
،)‫اإلحصاء‬ ‫علم‬ ‫المسماة‬ ‫ورياضياته‬ ‫اإلجتماع‬ ‫(علم‬ ‫أعاله‬ ‫العنوان‬ ‫هو‬ ‫كما‬ ‫هنا‬ ‫ومثالنا‬ ،‫األخرى‬
‫وم‬
‫ا‬
‫عناص‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بعوامل‬ ‫واشتراكها‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫فرق‬ ،‫وتقاطعها‬ _‫العمل‬ ‫_مجموعات‬ ‫المجموعات‬ ‫أنواع‬ ‫من‬ ‫يليها‬
‫ر‬
.‫إلخ‬ ... ‫بأخرى‬ ‫وتباينها‬
There have been many statistics and surveys about BIM and its benefits since 2007,
noticing improvements in construction costs, saving time, evaluating budget and general
performance among contractors, consultants and owners. From all aspects there was a
noticeable positive improvement and great benefits, then another question appeared and
it is “Why? What are the elements which make BIM useful? How can this benefit be
increased?” What distinguishes BIM is its flexibility to import a lot of improvements from
other scientific branches such as Sociology and statistics of work groups (their
intersections, work groups similarities and differences, etc).
‫العمل‬ ‫تحقق‬ ‫التسميتين‬ ‫وأي‬ ‫العمل؟‬ ‫لفريق‬ ‫آخر‬ ‫اسم‬ ‫مجرد‬ ‫هو‬ ‫وهل‬ ‫العمل؟‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫هي‬ ‫ما‬ ‫لكن‬
!‫الجماعي؟‬
‫بجم‬ ‫يقوم‬ ‫أن‬ _‫_بمفرده‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫ألي‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫أنه‬ ً‫ال‬‫أو‬ ‫درك‬ُ‫ن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫األسئلة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫على‬ ‫ولإلجابة‬
‫يع‬
‫اإل‬ ‫(كاألعمال‬ ‫محدد‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫تخصيص‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫أنه‬ ‫أي‬ ،‫الواحد‬ ‫المشروع‬ ‫في‬ ‫تخصصه‬ ‫مهام‬
‫أو‬ ‫نشائية‬
‫الجانب‬ ‫وتطبيق‬ ‫الجماعي‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫لفكرة‬ ‫الحاجة‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫ولهذا‬ ،‫األفراد‬ ‫من‬ ‫لمجموعة‬ )ً‫ال‬‫مث‬ ‫المدنية‬
.‫العمل‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫االجتماعي‬
But what is a work group? Is it just another name for work team? And which names
achieve collective action?!
To answer these questions, we must first realize that no single individual can carry out
all tasks of his specialization in the same project so a specific work (such as construction

4. or civil works) must be assigned to a group of individuals. Here the need for the idea of
teamwork and applying the social aspect in work arose.
:‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬
ُ‫والر‬ ‫المعلومات‬ ‫لتبادل‬ ‫يتواصلون‬ ‫تخصصات‬ ‫لعدة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واحد‬‫لتخصص‬ ‫األفراد‬ ‫من‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫هي‬
‫ىؤى‬
‫اآلخري‬ ‫بمسؤوليات‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫يقوم‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إمكانية‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الخاصة‬ ‫مصلحته‬ ‫حسب‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ك‬‫القرارات‬ ‫التخاذ‬
‫ولكن‬ ،‫ن‬
‫فيهم‬ ‫شخص‬ ‫لكل‬ ‫النهاية‬ ‫في‬
‫تخ‬ ‫الكاد‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫بيئة‬ ‫في‬ ‫العالقة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫وتمثيل‬ ،‫عمل‬ ‫وطريقة‬ ‫هدف‬
‫عنها‬ ‫تلف‬
‫وال‬ ‫األفراد‬ ‫توضح‬ ‫النقاط‬ ‫أن‬ ‫مالحظة‬ ‫(مع‬ :‫التالية‬ ‫األشكال‬ ‫في‬ ‫موضح‬ ‫هو‬ ‫كما‬ ‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬
‫خطوط‬
.)‫األفراد‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التواصل‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫هي‬
Work group: is a group of individuals for one or several specializations who
communicate to exchange information and visions to make decisions according to each
of their own interest and some individuals may assume the responsibilities of others, but
at the end each individual has a goal and a way of work. Representing this relationship
in environment of CAD system differs from its representation in environment of the BIM
system as shown in the illustrations below: (Note that the individual is represented by a
point and a connection between them by a line).
‫الشكل‬
1
‫الكاد‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫تواصل‬ ‫يمثل‬ ‫نموذج‬ :
Figure 1: The model represents communication in a work group environment in the CAD
system

5. ‫الشكل‬
2
‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫تواصل‬ ‫يمثل‬ ‫نموذج‬ :
Figure 2: The model represents communication in a work group environment in the BIM
system
:‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬
‫ويتشار‬ ‫بينهم‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫يتواصلون‬ ،‫واحد‬ ‫ومسمى‬ ‫عنوان‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫يجتمعون‬ ‫األفراد‬ ‫من‬ ‫محدد‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫هو‬
‫في‬ ‫كون‬
‫مسئوليات‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫يتم‬ ،‫المشروع‬ ‫في‬ ‫تعاقدية‬ ‫أطراف‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫طرف‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫ينتمون‬ ‫وقد‬ ،‫العمل‬
‫و‬
‫اضحة‬
.‫تجمعهم‬ ‫التي‬ ‫ذاتها‬ ‫هي‬ ‫األهداف‬ ‫وهذه‬ ،‫موحدة‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫طريقة‬ ‫فق‬ِ‫و‬ ‫محددة‬ ‫أهداف‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫لكل‬
Work team: is a specific number of individuals who have the same title. They
communicate and collaborate with each other and they may belong to one or more
contracting parties of the project. The responsibilities of each individual are determined
to achieve specific goals according to a unified method of work and these goals are
brought them together.

6. ‫الشكل‬
3
‫الكاد‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التواصل‬ ‫يمثل‬ ‫نموذج‬ :
Figure 3: The model represents the communication in a work team environment in the
CAD system
‫الشكل‬
4
‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التواصل‬ ‫يمثل‬ ‫نموذج‬ :
Figure 4: The model represents the communication in a work team environment in the
BIM system
:‫اإلجتماعي‬ ‫الجانب‬ ‫لتطبيق‬‫عتمدة‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ‫النظريات‬

7. ‫ن‬ ‫فكرة‬ ‫توضيح‬ ‫أوال‬ ‫يجب‬ ،‫النوعين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫المميز‬ ‫األساسي‬ ‫العامل‬ ‫هو‬ ‫المنفعة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الهدف‬ ‫وألن‬
‫ظريتين‬
‫األنظمة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫المجموعات‬ ‫داخل‬ ‫القرارات‬ ‫واتخاذ‬ ‫االحتماالت‬ ‫في‬ ‫المتحكمة‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تتحدثان‬
( ‫بـ‬ ‫ى‬ّ‫سم‬ُ‫ي‬ ‫ما‬ ‫وهو‬ ،‫المعقدة‬Factors that govern chance & decision making inside
complex systems:)
Because the goal or benefit is the main factor distinguishing between the two types, we
should clarify the idea of the two theories talking about the factors that govern chance
and decision-making inside complex systems.
‫يخدم‬ ‫الفردي‬ ‫والطموح‬ ‫المنافسة‬ :)‫م‬1790-‫م‬1723(‫سميث‬ ‫آدم‬ ‫الرياضيات‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫لعا‬ ‫األولى‬ ‫النظرية‬
‫ا‬ ‫بين‬ ‫بالتنافس‬ ‫العام‬ ‫الصالح‬ ‫ويتحقق‬ ،‫منفعته‬ ‫طلب‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫كل‬ ‫على‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أي‬ ،‫العام‬ ‫الصالح‬
‫الساعين‬ ‫ألفراد‬
.)‫العمل‬ ‫(مجموعة‬ ‫أسلوب‬ ‫في‬ ‫واضح‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫تبع‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ‫هو‬ ‫النمط‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ونجد‬ ،‫طموحاتهم‬ ‫لتحقيق‬
‫فرد‬ ‫كل‬ ‫يعمل‬ ‫عندما‬ ‫العام‬ ‫الصالح‬ ‫يتحقق‬ :)‫م‬2015-‫م‬1928( ‫ناش‬ ‫فوربيز‬ ‫جون‬ ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬‫للعا‬ ‫الثانية‬ ‫النظرية‬
( ‫أسلوب‬ ‫في‬ ‫بوضوح‬ ‫نراه‬ ‫ما‬ ‫وهو‬ ،‫للمجموعة‬ ‫العام‬ ‫الصالح‬ ‫مع‬ ‫تعارض‬ ‫دون‬ ‫الخاصة‬ ‫لمصلحته‬
‫فريق‬
.)‫العمل‬
The first theory of the mathematician Adam Smith (1723-1790): individual competition
and ambition serve the public good: that means everyone has to seek for his own
interest and the public good is achieved by competition among individuals seeking to
achieve their ambitions. This pattern is clearly found in the work style of the Work group.
The Second Theory of the scientist John Vorbis Nash (1928 - 2015): The public good is
achieved when everyone works for his own interests without conflict with the public good
of the group, which is clearly seen in the work team method.
‫بالت‬ ‫المجموعات‬ ‫تبدأ‬ ،)‫العمل‬ ‫ومجموعة‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫(فريق‬ ‫المفهومين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫للتفريق‬ ‫أعمق‬ ‫ولفهم‬
‫من‬ ‫شكل‬
‫إمكاني‬ ‫بزيادة‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫لحجم‬ ‫تلبية‬ ‫عددها‬ ‫ازدياد‬ ‫مع‬ ‫وثباتها‬ ‫قوتها‬ ‫على‬ ‫وتحافظ‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫اجتماع‬
‫التواصل‬ ‫ات‬
‫ال‬ ‫إدخال‬ ‫تم‬ ‫حيث‬ ‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫في‬ ‫تم‬ ‫ما‬ ‫بالفعل‬ ‫وهو‬ ،‫المشتركة‬ ‫األهداف‬ ‫مع‬
‫م‬ ‫الشبكي‬ ‫تواصل‬
‫من‬ ً‫ا‬‫ستفيد‬
‫مد‬ ‫على‬ ً‫ا‬‫معتمد‬ ‫للفرد‬ ً‫ا‬‫خيار‬ ‫التواصل‬ ‫يبقى‬ ‫ولكن‬ ،‫اإلجتماعية‬ ‫التواصل‬ ‫تطبيقات‬ ‫ثورة‬
‫تنظيم‬ ‫ى‬
‫داخلي‬ ‫استعداد‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫لدى‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫البد‬ .‫المصالح‬ ‫توحيد‬ ‫مدى‬ ‫وعلى‬ ،‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬
‫ال‬ ‫معلومات‬ ‫لنمذجة‬ ‫ناجح‬ ‫تطبيق‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫لن‬ ‫اإللفة‬ ‫فبدون‬ ،‫للتعاون‬
‫أ‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫كان‬ ‫مهما‬‫بناء‬
‫جهزة‬
‫كأعض‬ ‫المجموعة‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫بين‬ ‫التعامل‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫ولهذا‬ ،‫للتنفيذ‬ ‫خطة‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫مع‬ ‫حتى‬ ‫حديثة‬ ‫وبرامج‬
‫حيويين‬ ‫اء‬
.‫العائلة‬ ‫من‬ ‫وكأفراد‬

8. To understand the difference between the two concepts (the work group and the work
team), groups begin to form a meeting of individuals and maintain their strength and
stability as their number increase in response to the workload by increasing the means
of communicating with common goals and this is exactly what happened in BIM, where it
used network communication, taking advantages of the social media revolution. But
communication remains an individual choice based on the level of organizing and
unifying of interests. The members of the team must have an internal willingness to
cooperate because there won’t be a successful application of BIM without treating the
team members as a family and vital component of the system, no matter how modern
devices and programs are, even with an implementation plan.
:‫الجماعي‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫في‬ ‫المؤثرة‬ ‫العوامل‬
‫إ‬ ‫في‬ ‫المؤثرة‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫تلخيص‬ ‫اآلن‬ ‫نستطيع‬
‫الشروع‬ ‫عند‬ ‫معقدة‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫داخل‬‫القرارات‬ ‫تخاذ‬
‫في‬
:‫كاآلتي‬ ‫ما‬ ‫لمشروع‬ ‫المعلومات‬ ‫نمذجة‬
We can now summarize the factors influencing decision making within a complex group
when we start information modeling for a project as follows:

‫عمل‬ ‫فريق‬ :‫المعقدة‬ ‫المجموعة‬ ‫نوع‬
.‫عمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫أم‬

‫أنه‬ ‫أم‬ ،)‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫في‬ ‫الحال‬ ‫هو‬ ‫(كما‬ ‫اإلدارة‬ ‫في‬ ‫اشتراك‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫هل‬ :‫القرارات‬ ‫إتخاذ‬ ‫طريقة‬
.)‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫في‬ ‫(كما‬ ‫وصريح‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫مدير‬

‫أو‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫داخل‬‫والتحديث‬ ‫المعلومات‬ ‫تبادل‬ ‫مستوى‬ ‫بمثل‬ ‫االتصال‬ ‫حجم‬ ‫إن‬ :‫التواصل‬
‫وم‬ ،‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫في‬ ‫ومنظم‬‫هائل‬ ‫فهو‬ ،‫المجموعة‬
.‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫في‬ ‫الكثافة‬ ‫ومتفاوت‬‫تقطع‬

‫أنهم‬ ‫أم‬ ،)‫العمل‬ ‫(فريق‬ ً‫ا‬‫مع‬ ‫ويقررون‬ ‫ويتناقشون‬ ‫معا‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫يعمل‬ ‫هل‬ :‫العمل‬ ‫طريقة‬
‫معلومات‬ ‫توافر‬ ‫لعدم‬ ً‫ا‬‫نظر‬ ،‫القادم‬ ‫لالجتماع‬ ‫القرارات‬ ‫يأجلون‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫األمور‬ ‫ويناقشون‬ ‫يجتمعون‬
.)‫العمل‬ ‫(مجموعة‬ ‫القرار‬ ‫التخاذ‬ ‫كافية‬

‫التصحيح‬
‫باجتماع‬ ‫العملية‬ ‫وإجراء‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫في‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫مسار‬ ‫وتغير‬‫التصحيح‬ ‫كيفية‬ :‫سائلة‬ُ‫م‬‫وال‬
‫واالكتفاء‬ ‫حدة‬ ‫على‬ ‫خطأ‬ ‫كشف‬ ‫كان‬ ‫األمر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أم‬ ،)‫العمل‬ ‫(فريق‬ ‫األخطاء‬ ‫وتصحيح‬ ‫الكل‬
.)‫العمل‬ ‫(مجموعة‬ ‫األخطاء‬ ‫عن‬ ‫بالتقارير‬
 Complex group type: work team or work group

9.  Decision making method: Is there participation in management (as in the work
team) or is it a single and explicit manager (as in the work group)?
 Communication: The volume of communication represents the level of
information exchange and updating within the team or group, it is enormous and
organized in the work team and it is intermittent and uneven in the work group.
 How they work: Do team members work together and discuss and decide
together (work team), or do they meet and discuss issues and then postpone
decisions to the next meeting because of the lack of sufficient information to
make a decision (work group)?
 Correction and accountability: the method of correction and changing the course
of work in the team and conduct this process by holding meeting with all
members and repair of mistakes (work team), or it is just an error detection and
rely only error reports (workgroup).
‫كبير‬ ‫وفائدة‬ ‫ملحوظ‬ ‫تقدم‬ ‫على‬ ‫للحصول‬ ‫ولكن‬،‫مهمة‬ ‫أعاله‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫جميع‬ ‫أن‬ ‫التجربة‬ ‫أثبتت‬
‫يجب‬ ‫ة‬
‫الثالث‬ ‫العنصر‬ ‫باستعمال‬ ‫عليهما‬ ‫وبالتركيز‬ ،‫والخامس‬ ‫األول‬ ‫العنصر‬ ‫تحقيق‬
‫ن‬ ‫ستحقق‬
.‫مذهلة‬ ‫تائج‬
Experience has shown that all the above factors are important, but for achieving
significant progress and great benefit, the first and fifth factors must be achieved and by
focusing on them with the third factor, you will get amazing results.
:‫الخاتمة‬
‫ف‬ ‫حلها‬ ‫وتم‬ ‫المشاكل‬ ‫وناقش‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫من‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫كل‬ ‫عاد‬ ‫لو‬ ‫كبير‬ ‫فرق‬ ‫هناك‬
‫(كما‬ ً‫ا‬‫ور‬
‫حل‬ ‫أحدهم‬ ‫من‬ ً‫ا‬‫منتظر‬ ‫الخطأ‬ ‫بفضح‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫كل‬ ‫يكتفي‬ ‫أن‬ ‫من‬ ً‫ال‬‫بد‬ ،)‫واحد‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫في‬ ‫يحدث‬
‫المشكلة‬
‫يستطي‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫فريق‬ ‫أن‬ ‫نالحظ‬ ‫كما‬ .)‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫في‬ ‫(كما‬
‫عمل‬ ‫وإنجاز‬ ‫أكبر‬ ‫مشاريع‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ع‬
‫أف‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫بزيادة‬ ‫المتزايدة‬ ‫العشوائية‬ ‫على‬ ‫السيطرة‬ ‫الستطاعته‬ ‫وذلك‬ ،‫أفضل‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫جماعي‬
‫راد‬
‫ب‬ ‫الفريق‬ ‫أعضاء‬ ‫باقي‬ ‫مع‬ ‫ربطه‬ ‫وبالتالي‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫كل‬ ‫ومركز‬ ‫عنوان‬ ‫بتوثيق‬ ‫وذلك‬ ،‫المجموعة‬
‫التواصل‬
‫الوقت‬ ‫بنفس‬ ‫والخاصة‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫المصلحة‬ ‫تجمعهم‬ ‫حيث‬ ‫بينهم‬ ‫واالتصال‬
‫العشو‬ ‫تنمو‬ ‫بينما‬ .
‫في‬ ‫ائية‬
‫ال‬ ‫العشوائية‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫وتزداد‬ ،‫للتواصل‬ ‫وعنوانه‬ ‫الشخص‬ ‫مسؤولية‬ ‫توثيق‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫مع‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫مجموعة‬
‫ختالف‬
‫ح‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫مشكلة‬ ‫تصبح‬ ‫حتى‬ ‫الطموحات‬ ‫زيادة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫وتنعدم‬‫التواصل‬ ‫وسائل‬‫وتنقطع‬ ‫المصالح‬
.‫قيقية‬
There is a big difference if each team member returns to the team and discusses the
problems and they are immediately resolved (as in one work team), instead of exposing
the mistake and waiting for someone to solve the problem (as in the work group). We

10. also note that the work team can manage larger projects and accomplish a better
teamwork because of their ability to control the increasing randomness by increasing the
number of members of the group by documenting the address and status of each
individual and thus linking him with the rest of the team members through
communication between them, where they share the public and private interest at the
same time. On the other side, the random grows in the work group with the lack of
documentation of the person’s responsibility address to communicate. This randomness
increases because of difference of interests and the communication means are
interrupted with the increasing ambitions until it becomes a real management problem.
‫اآل‬ ‫يمكننا‬ ،)‫(البيم‬‫البناء‬ ‫معلومات‬ ‫نمذجة‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫على‬ ‫اإلجتماعي‬ ‫عد‬ُ‫ب‬‫ال‬ ‫أثر‬ ‫توضيح‬ ‫وبعد‬
‫اإلقر‬ ‫ن‬
‫بأنه‬ ‫ار‬
‫ح‬ ‫وإنجاز‬ ‫المطلوبة‬ ‫المعلومات‬ ‫على‬ ‫والحصول‬ ،‫المشروعات‬ ‫في‬ ‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫تطبيق‬ ‫أهمية‬ ‫رغم‬
‫صر‬
‫المه‬ ‫من‬ ‫فإنه‬ ،‫الكلفة‬ ‫وتخفيض‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫وتقليل‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫خيارات‬ ‫وتعدد‬ ‫بسرعة‬ ‫الكميات‬
‫كل‬‫لتطبيق‬ ‫م‬
‫ف‬ ‫الجماعي‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫لنوعية‬ ‫سبق‬ُ‫م‬‫ال‬ ‫الفهم‬ ‫بأن‬ ‫اإلعتراف‬ ‫يجب‬ ،‫إستفادة‬ ‫وأقصى‬ ‫بنجاح‬ ‫ذلك‬
‫ي‬
‫المشروع‬
‫لنجاحه‬ ‫الرئيسي‬ ‫السبب‬ ‫هو‬
‫ال‬
‫ال‬ ‫التنفيذ‬ ‫وخطة‬ ‫والتدريب‬ ‫والبرامج‬ ‫األجهزة‬ ‫توافرت‬ ‫فمهما‬
‫لن‬ ،‫ة‬َ‫كم‬ْ‫ح‬ُ‫م‬
‫إال‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يحقق‬
10
%
‫تطبيق‬ ‫من‬ ‫المتوقع‬ ‫النجاح‬ ‫على‬ ‫للحصول‬ ‫أما‬ ،‫البيم‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫تطبيق‬ ‫من‬ ‫فقط‬
‫هذه‬
‫الـ‬ ‫وهي‬ ‫الباقية‬ ‫النسبة‬ ‫تنفيذ‬ ‫تماما‬ ‫نراعي‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يجب‬ ،‫التقنية‬
90
%
‫إجتم‬ ‫علم‬
.‫اع‬
After clarifying the social aspect effect on BIM, we can now recognize that despite the
importance of applying BIM to projects, obtaining the required information, completing
the bill of quantities quickly, multiplying design options and reducing the time and cost,
the prior understanding of the quality of teamwork in the project is the main reason for its
success. It will not work without the cooperation of the members of the work team and
not the work groups. In spite of the availability of hardware, programs, training and
implementation plan, this will only achieve 10% of the BIM system implementation. In
order to achieve the expected success of this technology, we must fully take into
account the implementation of the remainder, which is the 90% sociology