cellular respiration

1. RESPIRATION
DR. MARYAM

2. Definition
• Is a series of enzyme-controlled reactions in which
chemical energy is released during the breakdown
of glucose.
• It occurs at a cellular level
• Main source of energy is Glucose.
• Reaction : C6H12O6+O2== 6CO2 +6H2O+ ATP

3. Types
• Aerobic respiration: Oxygen present.
• Anaerobic respiration: Oxygen absent

4. Stages
I. Glycolysis
-Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
-Occurs in the presence or absence of O2.
- Glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvate molecules
and 2 ATPs molecules are produced.

6. Fate of pyruvate
In anaerobic condition :
1.Animal cells
Glucose - pyruvate - lactic acid.

7. Cont..
• In plant cells:

8. Cont..
II. CAC/KREBS CYCLE
-Occurs in the mitochondria.
-
-Oxygen is necessary.
-36ATP molecules are produced.

10. ATP molecule

11. Cont..
• Made up of one adenosine molecule and 3 phosphate
groups
• Energy is stored within the ATP.
• A bond is broken to release energy.
• On the other hand energy is required to form the ATP,
hence it acts as a link between energy consuming
reactions and energy releasing reactions.

12. Cont..

13. Uses of ATP
• Cell division
• Protein synthesis
• Transmission of nerve impulse
• Muscle contraction.
• Active uptake of ions and molecules.
• CO2 fixation during photosynthesis.

14. Thanks