meaning of stress, classification , causes

1. Presented To: Presented By:
Dr. Meenakshi Sharma Arham Bothra
Professor MBA 4th Semester

2.  “Stress is the reaction people have toward excessive pressures or other types of
demand placed upon them. It arises when they worry that they can’t cope
(Rubenstein, 1999)”
 Our body’s physical and emotional reaction to circumstances or events that
frighten, irritate, confuse, endanger, or excite us.

3. CLASSIFICATION OF STRESS
Physiological stressors
illness, lack of sleep, poor nutrition etc.
Cognitive / Psychological factors
attitude, belief, our own thoughts
Socio-cultural stressors
financial problem, relationship problems, work
Environmental stressors
heat, cold, noise, traffic, pollution etc.

4.  Life events such as divorce or separation, death of a loved one, the birth of a child,
moving, a major financial setback, employment changes or becoming the victim of
a crime or natural disaster
 Daily events such as traffic congestion, long commutes, working overtime,
deadlines, personal conflicts, car trouble, job stress, and juggling household chores
and childcare
 Environmental stressors such as pollution, weather extremes or excessive noise
 Physical stressors such as physical injury, chronic pain, tiring physical activity
(such as traveling), and unsatisfied physical needs such as hunger, thirst or lack
of sleep
continued….

5. SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
 Behavioral symptoms
 Physical symptoms

6. BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS
 Too much sleep (hypersomnia) or too little sleep (insomnia)
 Nightmares
 Nervous habits like nail-biting or foot-tapping
 Decreased sex drive
 Teeth grinding
 Irritability or impatience
 Crying over minor incidents
 Dreading going to work or other activities

7. PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS
 Migraine or tension headaches
 Digestive problems like heartburn or diarrhea
 Shallow breathing or sighing
 Cold or sweaty palms
 Jaw pain, neck pain,shoulder pain

8. EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF STRESS
1. Excessive fatigue
2. Gastric disturbance
3. Withdraw from social life
4. Speech difficulties
5. More impatient
6. Headaches
7. Nail biting
8. Grinding teeth
9. Low blood sugar
10. High blood sugar

9. OUR BODY’S REACTION TO STRESS (GENERAL
ADAPTATION SYNDROME (GAS))
 Alarm reaction
 Resistance or adaptation
 Exhaustion

10. STRESS MANAGEMENT
 Breathing exercise
 Relaxation exercise
 Meditation exercise
 And psychological counselling

11. THE FAMOUS SERENITY PRAYER:
 “Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to
change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference.”

12. SUMMARY
 Getting enough sleep
 Exercising regularly
 To eat a balanced diet