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1w radio modem, 12V data module, wireless transmitter and wireless receiver, 2km control distance, RS232, RS485 convert to wireless. PTZ wireless control, AMR, LED Wireless display
RF data module, 433MHz wireless transceiver, RS232 to wireless RS485 to wireless 100mW data module serial to wireless module UHF band wireless data transfer module
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Dear friends,
This ppt is created by me on "power line career communication".
It would certainly helpful to you.
your sincerly
RAMANAND SAGR
emai- silverramanand@gmail.com
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1. DC Biasing of the circuits
2. Circuits for reference voltage and current generation
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-BGR
-LDO
-V-to-I
3. Precision Current References
4. Opamp design for Analog to digital converters
- OTA
- Buffer
- Unity Feedback OTA
- Layout design strategies – 2stage opamp + CMFB
5. Sense and Return mechanisms in Feedback circuits
- Current and Voltage circuits
6. Sub-Threshold Conduction
- Low voltage Operation
7. ADC Design and Simulation
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-Spectral Analysis and No. of FFT Points for simulation
-Simulation time for performance
-Resistors – their variation and Calibration
-Switch design for S/H
-CDAC
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Presentation on power line career communication by ramanand sagarRamanand Sagar
Dear friends,
This ppt is created by me on "power line career communication".
It would certainly helpful to you.
your sincerly
RAMANAND SAGR
emai- silverramanand@gmail.com
CMOS Analog IC design by Dr GS Javed - Refresher Course - Batch 1Javed G S, PhD
Topics covered in the course
1. DC Biasing of the circuits
2. Circuits for reference voltage and current generation
-Voltage Regulator
-BGR
-LDO
-V-to-I
3. Precision Current References
4. Opamp design for Analog to digital converters
- OTA
- Buffer
- Unity Feedback OTA
- Layout design strategies – 2stage opamp + CMFB
5. Sense and Return mechanisms in Feedback circuits
- Current and Voltage circuits
6. Sub-Threshold Conduction
- Low voltage Operation
7. ADC Design and Simulation
-Near Nyquist performance of Opamp for ADC Circuits
-Spectral Analysis and No. of FFT Points for simulation
-Simulation time for performance
-Resistors – their variation and Calibration
-Switch design for S/H
-CDAC
8. On-Chip Inductors
PLCC: A promising futuristic technology!!!.. still in India we do not use it due to many reasons.... because PLCC, Power Line Carrier Communication, is an approach to utilize the existing power lines for the transmission of information.
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Optical power debugging in dwdm system having fixed gain amplifierseSAT Journals
Abstract
This article covers optical power measurement of light signal in DWDM network and debugging of optical power as per the specifications of DWDM system with fix gain amplifier. The measurement and calculations of each component of DWDM system is discussed individually. Optical power of individual optical channel, aggregate optical power of multiplexed signals, relation with amplifier gain, insertion loss and attenuation on signal are the key factors involved in design and operation of DWDM system. From transmitter to receiver, the working performance of the DWDM system depends on the optical strength of input light signal should be as per specifications of its components. A description of input and output optical power of light signal of each DWDM component and its relationship is discussed. If there is any deviation as per specifications is observed, process to calculate deviation and debug is given with working example in this article.
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2.
-9~+2dBm, the output
lever remain unchanged, CTB and CSO basically unchanged.
Reserved the data communication interface, can connect the Ethernet transponder, access to the
network management system.
3. Technical Parameters
3.1 Link testing conditions
The performance parameters of this manual according to the measuring method of <
Specifications and methods of measurement on optical node used in CATV systems >, and tested
in the following conditions.
Test conditions:
1. Forward optical receive part: with 10km standard optical fiber, passive optical attenuator
and standard optical transmitter composed the testing link. Set 59 PAL-D analog TV channel
signal at range of 45/87MHz ~ 550MHz under the specified link loss. Transmit digital
modulation signal at range of 550MHz~862/1003MHz, the digital modulation signal level (in 8
MHz bandwidth) is 10dB lower than analog signal carrier level. When the input optical power of
optical receiver is -2dBm, the RF output level is 108dBμV, with 9dB output tilt, measure the
C/CTB, C/CSO and C/N.
2. Backward optical transmit part: Link flatness and NPR dynamic range are the link indexes
which is composed of backward optical transmitter and backward optical receiver.
Note: When the rated output level is the system full configuration and the receiving optical
power is -2dBm, equipment meets the maximum output level of link index. When the system
configuration reduce (that is, actual transmission channels reduce), the output level of equipment
will be increased.
Friendly Notice: Suggest you setting the RF signal to 6~9dB slope output in the practical
engineering application to improve the nonlinear index (under the node) of the cable system.
3. OpticalOpticalOptical ReceiverReceiverReceiver ManualManualManual
- -2
3.2 Technical Parameters
Item Unit Technical Parameters
Forward optical receiving part
Optical Parameters
Receive Optical Power dBm -9 ~ +2
Optical Return Loss dB >45
Optical Receiving Wavelength nm 1100 ~ 1600
Optical Connector Type FC/APC, SC/APC or specified by the user
Fiber Type Single Mode
Link Parameters
C/N dB ≥ 51(-2dBm Input)
C/CTB dB ≥ 65 Output level 108 dBμV
Equilibrium 6dBC/CSO dB ≥ 60
RF parameters
Frequency Range MHz 45 ~862/1003
Flatness in Band dB ±0.75
Rated Output Level dBμV ≥ 108
Max Output Level dBμV ≥ 114
Output Return Loss dB ≥14
Output Impedance Ω 75
Electrical control EQ range dB 0~10
Electrical control ATT range dB 0~20
Reverse Optical Transmit Part
Optical Parameters
Optical Emission Wavelength nm 1310±10, 1550±10 or specified by the user
Output Optical Power mW 0.5, 1, 2
Optical Connector Type FC/APC, SC/APC or specified by the user
RF Parameters
Frequency Range MHz 5 ~ 65(or specified by the user)
Flatness In Band dB ±1
Input Level dBμV 72 ~85
Output Impedance Ω 75
General Performance
Power Voltage V A: AC(150~265)V; B: AC(35~90)V; C: DC48V
Operating Temperature ℃ -40~60
Storage Temperature ℃ -40~65
Relative Humidity % Max 95% no condensation
Consumption VA ≤ 30
Dimension mm 483(L)╳ 345(W)╳ 44(H)
Note:Forward RF index given above is measured when the final stage using the GaAs 25dB
power doubly module. Different modules, different parameters.
5. OpticalOpticalOptical ReceiverReceiverReceiver ManualManualManual
- -4
6. Function Display and Operating Instruction
Mode: Mode selection button.
▲ :up button, increase the value of parameters.
▼ :down button, decrease the value of parameters.
The following is the detailed instructions:
6. OpticalOpticalOptical ReceiverReceiverReceiver ManualManualManual
- -5
7. Product Schematic Diagram
FRONT
BACK
1. Power indicator
3. LCD status display screen
5. Down button
7. RF test port
9. RF Output A (main road)
11. Forward optical signal input
13. AC 60V power supply input
Note:This equipment can connect the Ethernet transponder, access to the network management
system. With the network management transponder or not, it is up to users.
8. Common Failure Analysis and Troubleshooting
Failure phenomenon Failure cause Solution
After connecting the
network, the image of the
optical contact point has
obvious netlike curve or
large particles highlights
but the image background
is clean.
1. The input optical power of the
optical receiver is too high, make the
output level of the optical receiver
module too high and RF signal index
deteriorate.
2. The RF signal (input the optical
transmitter) index is poor.
1. Check the input optical power and make
appropriate adjustments to make it in the
specified range; or adjust the attenuation of
optical receiver to reduce the output level and
improve index.
2. Check the front end machine room optical
transmitter RF signal index and make
appropriate adjustments.
2. Running indicator
4. Up button
6. Mode display and control mode selection button
8. RF Output B (branch road)
10. LAN network management communication port
12. Reverse optical signal output
14. Grounding terminal
7. OpticalOpticalOptical ReceiverReceiverReceiver ManualManualManual
- -6
After connecting the
network, the image of the
optical contact point has
obvious noises.
1. The input optical power of the
optical receiver is not high enough,
results in the decrease of C/N.
2. The optical fiber active connector
or adapter of the optical receiver has
been polluted.
3. The RF signal level input the
optical transmitter is too low, make
modulation degree of the laser is not
enough.
4. The C/N index of system link
signal is too low.
1. Check the received optical power of the
optical contact point and make appropriate
adjustments to make it in the specified range.
2. Recover the received optical power of the
optical contact point by cleaning the optical
fiber connector or adapter etc methods.
Specific operation methods see “Clean and
maintenance method of the optical fiber
active connector”.
3. Check the RF signal level input the optical
transmitter and adjust to the required input
range. (When the input channels number less
than 15, should higher than nominal value.)
4. Use a spectrum analyzer to check the
system link C/N and make appropriate
adjustments. Make sure the system link signal
C/N﹥51dB.
After connecting the
network, the images of
several optical contact
points randomly appear
obvious noises or bright
traces.
The optical contact point has open
circuit signal interference or strong
interference signal intrusion.
1. Check if there is strong interference signal
source; change the optical contact point
location if possible to avoid the influence of
strong interference signal source.
2. Check the cable lines of the optical contact
point, if there is shielding net or situation that
the RF connector shielding effect is not good.
3. Tightly closed the equipment enclosure to
ensure the shielding effect; if possible add
shielding cover to the optical contact point
and reliable grounding.
After connecting the
network, the images of
several optical contact
points appear one or two
horizontal bright traces.
Power supply AC ripple interference
because of the bad earth of equipment
or power supply.
Check grounding situation of the equipment,
make sure that every equipment in the line
has been reliably grounding and the
grounding resistance must be﹤4Ω.
After connecting the
network, the received
optical power of the optical
contact point is unstable
and has large continuous
change. The output RF
signal is unstable, too. But
the detected output optical
power of the optical
transmitter is normal.
The optical fiber active connector
types do not match, maybe the APC
type connect to PC type, make the
optical signal cannot normal
transmission.
The optical fiber active connector or
adapter may be polluted seriously or
the adapter has been damaged.
1. Check the type of optical fiber active
connector and adopt the APC type optical
fiber active connector to ensure the normal
transmission of optical signal.
2. Clean the polluted optical fiber active
connector or adapter. Specific operation
methods see “Clean and maintenance method
of the optical fiber active connector”.
3. Replace the damaged adapter.
8. OpticalOpticalOptical ReceiverReceiverReceiver ManualManualManual
- -7
9. Clean and maintenance method of the optical fiber active connector
In many times, we consider the decline of the optical power as the equipment faults, but
actually it may be caused by that the optical fiber connector was polluted by dust or dirt. Inspect the
fiber connector, component, or bulkhead with a fiberscope. If the connector is dirty, clean it with a
cleaning technique following these steps:
1. Turn off the device power supply and carefully pull off the optical fiber connector from the
adapter.
2. Wash carefully with good quality lens wiping paper and medical absorbent alcohol cotton. If
use the medical absorbent alcohol cotton, still need to wait 1~2 minutes after wash, let the
connector surface dry in the air.
3. Cleaned optical connector should be connected to optical power meter to measure output
optical power to affirm whether it has been cleaned up.
4. When connect the cleaned optical connector back to adapter, should notice to make force
appropriate to avoid china tube in the adapter crack.
5. The optical fiber connector should be cleaned in pairs. If optical power is on the low side after
clean, the adapter may be polluted, clean it. (Note: Adapter should be carefully operated, so as
to avoid hurting inside fiber.
6. Use compressed air or degrease alcohol cotton to wash the adapter carefully. When use
compressed air, the muzzle aims at china tube of the adapter, clean the china tube with
compressed air. When use degrease alcohol cotton, insert directions need be consistent,
otherwise can’t reach a good clean effect.