Is Caste rigidity present in Indian social structure? or is it a myth. the researcher argued the caste as a social institution is dying but as a political institution is getting corporatized and serving the vote banks.
This term paper was prepared for the course of Masters in Population Studies, 2016-17. This is the brief study about the transgender population in India.
Is Caste rigidity present in Indian social structure? or is it a myth. the researcher argued the caste as a social institution is dying but as a political institution is getting corporatized and serving the vote banks.
This term paper was prepared for the course of Masters in Population Studies, 2016-17. This is the brief study about the transgender population in India.
Main Principles. The word 'Sikh' means a disciple. So Sikhism is essentially the path of discipleship. The true sikh remains unattached to worldly things just as the lotus keeps its blossom over and above the surface of water. The Sikh must do his duty to his family and to the community. The main thing is leading a pure and moral life, full of noble deeds and kind words. A Sikh does not regard fasting, austerities, pilgrimages, alms-giving and penance as important things.
Bhagti: Those who know the importance of Bhagti feel like Guru Nanak Sahib that forgetting God is just like death and brooding upon His Name is life and joy. Without the nectar of God's name, the polgrim dies his misery. But Bhagti is possible after certain conditions are fulfilled:
A brief history about ancient vedic civilization.The Vedic period (or Vedic age) ( c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE) was the period in Indian history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. During the early part of the Vedic period, the Indo-Aryans settled into northern India, bringing with them their specific religious traditions.
Role of higher education in Women Empowerment : An insight on the rural mot...lubnasadiyah
Women have fiercely competing men and have excelled in various fields and education proves to be the backbone of women empowerment. Besides facing many personal, family, societal and work place issues yet their achievements gets unrecognized particularly of rural women. This presentation helps in determining the rural mother's awareness and the perceptional factors to significantly understand the importance of education.
The discussion in this assignment includes the status of women in Hindu religion. How was the status in the early ages and how is it now is the topic of discussion. I have highlighted how the status of Hindu women has changed over the time. It also includes discussions about the existing laws for Hindu women in Bangladesh.
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
Kingship Role, Duties and Concept of DivinityVirag Sontakke
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
Family dynamics and Changing Role of Home Maker
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the span of recorded Indian history.
From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful.
In ancient times, the women were considered with respect and dignity and they were held in high esteem. They were made aware in terms of all areas and played an important part in politics as well.
Women position in society deteriorated early in India's ancient period, especially in the Indo-Aryan speaking regions, and their subordination continued to be reified well into India's early modern period. Practises such as female infanticide, dowry, child marriage and the taboo on widow remarriage, which began in upper-caste.
this presentation deals with the issue of political participation of women in India, need for political participation of women, steps taken by government and problems encountered by women
THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION _ SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS OF POLITICAL PROCESS.pptxDr Vijay Vishwakarma
Philosophy of the Constitution as set out in the Preamble;
The structure of the Constitution-the Preamble, Main Body and Schedules;
Fundamental Duties of the Indian Citizen; tolerance, peace and communal harmony
as crucial values in strengthening the social fabric of Indian society;
Basic features of the Constitution
The party system in Indian politics;
Local self-government in urban and rural areas; the 73rd and 74th Amendments and
their implications for inclusive politics;
Role and significance of women in politics
The economic prosperity of a nation depends on the quality of its workforce. The present study attempts to describe the work force participation rates in India. This study illustrates the spatial and temporal change in the work force participation of persons (males and females) in India, highlighting important differences due to sex, age, place of residence. A striking feature has been a rising trend in the rural female work force participation rates after liberalization (1991) but declining trend in the last decade (2011). This work force distribution also presents data regarding number of main and marginal workers. The time series data on work force distribution by category of workers like cultivators, agricultural laborers, workers in rural Household industries, etc. also presents a picture of structural change occurring in the economy. The temporal analysis of total workers of India explains that the work participation rate has registered continuous increase in the last three decades.
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
A detailed Powerpoint Presentation that will enable you to understand the concept of women's empowerment in easy language and in the best possible way. I hope you will like it and kindly give your suggestion so that improvement can be made in this presentation.
Main Principles. The word 'Sikh' means a disciple. So Sikhism is essentially the path of discipleship. The true sikh remains unattached to worldly things just as the lotus keeps its blossom over and above the surface of water. The Sikh must do his duty to his family and to the community. The main thing is leading a pure and moral life, full of noble deeds and kind words. A Sikh does not regard fasting, austerities, pilgrimages, alms-giving and penance as important things.
Bhagti: Those who know the importance of Bhagti feel like Guru Nanak Sahib that forgetting God is just like death and brooding upon His Name is life and joy. Without the nectar of God's name, the polgrim dies his misery. But Bhagti is possible after certain conditions are fulfilled:
A brief history about ancient vedic civilization.The Vedic period (or Vedic age) ( c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE) was the period in Indian history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. During the early part of the Vedic period, the Indo-Aryans settled into northern India, bringing with them their specific religious traditions.
Role of higher education in Women Empowerment : An insight on the rural mot...lubnasadiyah
Women have fiercely competing men and have excelled in various fields and education proves to be the backbone of women empowerment. Besides facing many personal, family, societal and work place issues yet their achievements gets unrecognized particularly of rural women. This presentation helps in determining the rural mother's awareness and the perceptional factors to significantly understand the importance of education.
The discussion in this assignment includes the status of women in Hindu religion. How was the status in the early ages and how is it now is the topic of discussion. I have highlighted how the status of Hindu women has changed over the time. It also includes discussions about the existing laws for Hindu women in Bangladesh.
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
Kingship Role, Duties and Concept of DivinityVirag Sontakke
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
Family dynamics and Changing Role of Home Maker
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the span of recorded Indian history.
From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful.
In ancient times, the women were considered with respect and dignity and they were held in high esteem. They were made aware in terms of all areas and played an important part in politics as well.
Women position in society deteriorated early in India's ancient period, especially in the Indo-Aryan speaking regions, and their subordination continued to be reified well into India's early modern period. Practises such as female infanticide, dowry, child marriage and the taboo on widow remarriage, which began in upper-caste.
this presentation deals with the issue of political participation of women in India, need for political participation of women, steps taken by government and problems encountered by women
THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION _ SIGNIFICANT ASPECTS OF POLITICAL PROCESS.pptxDr Vijay Vishwakarma
Philosophy of the Constitution as set out in the Preamble;
The structure of the Constitution-the Preamble, Main Body and Schedules;
Fundamental Duties of the Indian Citizen; tolerance, peace and communal harmony
as crucial values in strengthening the social fabric of Indian society;
Basic features of the Constitution
The party system in Indian politics;
Local self-government in urban and rural areas; the 73rd and 74th Amendments and
their implications for inclusive politics;
Role and significance of women in politics
The economic prosperity of a nation depends on the quality of its workforce. The present study attempts to describe the work force participation rates in India. This study illustrates the spatial and temporal change in the work force participation of persons (males and females) in India, highlighting important differences due to sex, age, place of residence. A striking feature has been a rising trend in the rural female work force participation rates after liberalization (1991) but declining trend in the last decade (2011). This work force distribution also presents data regarding number of main and marginal workers. The time series data on work force distribution by category of workers like cultivators, agricultural laborers, workers in rural Household industries, etc. also presents a picture of structural change occurring in the economy. The temporal analysis of total workers of India explains that the work participation rate has registered continuous increase in the last three decades.
This presentation is prepared for the Graduation students to get basic idea and general information’s regarding the topic. Overall content of presentations is not through and complete, also required further additions.
A detailed Powerpoint Presentation that will enable you to understand the concept of women's empowerment in easy language and in the best possible way. I hope you will like it and kindly give your suggestion so that improvement can be made in this presentation.
Socio – Economic Mobility among Schedule Caste: A Study of Village Mugalmagri...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT : Caste is a powerful organization in Indian society. It provided a structure for arranging and organizing social groups in terms of their statuses and positions in the social and economic system. It predetermined individuals into the structure of social hierarchy on the basis of their birth. In the hierarchical order Brahmins were at the top of the social ladder, and the ‘Untouchables’, people who were at the bottom of the ladder. They were considered to be inferior in all respects by the higher castes and were placed at the bottom of ritual and social hierarchies of the Caste and Varna system and had been subjected to varieties of disabilities, deprivations and oppression under the traditional system. They were not considered human beings and were exploited and discriminated in many spheres of life. After Independence there has been a growing awareness and concern for the degraded socio-economic condition of the Scheduled Castes . For this, efforts are being made in collaboration with different organizations and institutions to inculcate and encourage them to merge with the socio - economic fabric of the country . In turn, they have experienced a modicum of social mobility and there has been an unprecedented rise in the political consciousness among them. The caste system in India which is based on the principle inequality whether those inequalities (Social and Economical) are going too diminished or perpetuated further in the period of globalization? Are they being able to compete with the changing scenario? What will happen with their occupations? Are they able to get quality education? What changes has come into their lifestyles? Do they have new skills so as to get the benefits mobility? Is there any social and occupational mobility among them in view of globalization, education, occupation or are they stagnated? Etc. needs to be answered if they have to become a citizen of a global community- dreamed as a knowledge society.
So, keeping all these questions in mind the researcher want to express the social mobility among schedule castes of village mugalmagri in district rupnagar . We always judge the things from the upper level but what about the bottom? That is why the main objective of the present study is to analysis the mobility from the bottom level among schedule caste through education, income, occupation, inter-caste marriages and through religious conversions. For this, I have taking 100 respondents from the rural area how were schedule castes.
Social Stratification – Meaning and functions, Caste, Class and Race, Social Mobility – Concept and types of social mobility - Social Institutions - Marriage, Family, Education, Religion – Meaning, Types and Functions - Political Institutions - Concept of State, Government, Democracy
Rural sociology topic covering Different types of norms for social control and and different types of stratification within a society. It includes two major topics i.e. Class system and caste system, understanding their origin with various theories and their features and classification.
A student must post two substantive responses to their classmates by.docxbartholomeocoombs
A student must post two substantive responses to their classmates by Sunday for each discussion question. Each reply to a classmate should be 100 words or more. Response stating that “I agree” with a post is inadequate without adding more information. A student will not receive full credit for responses to classmates that are not substantive responses.
Response 1
1. During the Vedic Age of Indian civilization, it is believed that after the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization some of the kinship groups and patriarchal families migrated into India. As some within the Aryas tribe (light-skinned) entered into the Ganges Valley, they encountered a struggle with the Dasas tribe (dark-skinned) but managed to force the tribe into southern India. The struggle between the tribes led to the development of the Varna class system. Under this system, people were born into one of the four Varna's: Brahmin was the class of priests and scholars; Kshatriya was warriors; Vaishya was merchants; and Shundra was peasants and laborers. The fifth group was the Untouchables; they were outside the system because of the nature of their work. The work was considered polluted as it dealt with dead things and cremations.
Now, the Varna was divided into groups and subdivided into jati's: order of hierarchy. Under the hierarchy, were complex rules that governed the different occupations, duties, and rituals of each Jati as a well as regulations concerning interaction between people of different Jati. The system served to assign occupations to the Varna and Jati in which each individual belongs; and the system separated the members of the different Varna and Jati into a system of purity and impurity. Purity restrictions occurred in the areas of marriage, drink, food and touch.
The system of Varna and Jati lasted because many of the practices and attitudes were indoctrinated into the Hindu people, rules for social behavior, and the philosophy of reincarnation. The belief was every individual has an immortal spirit that will be reborn in another body after death and that body will be determined by karma in this and the previous life. The people believed that rebellion against caste expectations would result in a lower rebirth in the next life.
The United States is a nation of diverse cultures. People are classified as rich, middle class, or poor. The rich are considered well educated and highly paid professionals; the middle class are semi-professional and educated working middle class; and the poor are the working under class with very little to no education. Income is the most prominent indicator of class status, and education to occupation and income.
2.Yes, both routes originated for the purpose of trading. Both routes have harsh desert conditions. Silk road passes through the Tarim Basin. Trans-Saharan passes the Saharan desert. Both had famous outpost. Silk road had the Samarkand outpost and Trans-Saharan had the Timbuktu post.
Response 2
Duri.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
WE WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS OUR SPECIAL THANKS OF GRATITUDE
TO OUR TEACHER MR AWADHESH KUMAR SINGH, WHO GAVE US THE
GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY TO DO THIS WONERFUL PROJECT OF
ENGLISH ON THE TOPIC CASTEISM IN INDIA.
SECONDLY WE WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK OUR PARENTS AND
FRIENDS WHO HELPED US A LOT IN FINALIZING THIS PROJECT
WITHIN THE LIMITED TIME FRAME
GROUP – F
CLASS- 12 A2
4. Content
1.Introduction
2. History and origin– Santosh
3. Different caste system in India
and impact of casteism - Rohit
4. Discrimination with lower caste
5. The untouchables – Prem
6. Caste discrimination examples
7. Interview- Prachi
8. Solution for caste discrimination
Ppt by – Pratyush
Explanation and Edited by- Prachi
5. A caste system is a class structure that is determined by
birth. It is the system of a hierarchical classification of
people based on their class and Occupation. The caste
system as it actually works in India is called ‘Jati'. The
term Jati appears in almost all Indian languages and is
related to the idea of lineage or kinship group. Casteism is
the system that finds its roots in the ancient times it is
being followed blindly, since years and furthering the
interest of the people belonging to the upper castes. The
lower caste people are being exploited and there is no one
to listen to their concerns.
INTRODUCTION
6. History of caste system in India
The Rigvedic society was not distinguished by occupations.
Many husbandmen and artisans practised a number of crafts.
The chariot-maker (rathakara) and metal worker (karmara)
enjoyed positions of importance and no stigma was attached to
them. Similar observations hold for carpenters, tanners,
weavers and others.
Towards the end of the Atharvaveda period, new class
distinctions emerged. The erstwhile dasas are renamed
Shudras, probably to distinguish them from the new meaning of
dasa as slave. The aryas are renamed vis or Vaishya (meaning
the members of the tribe) and the new elite classes of Brahmins
(priests) and Kshatriyas (warriors) are designated as new
varnas. The Shudras were not only the erstwhile dasas but also
included the aboriginal tribes that were assimilated into the
Aryan society as it expanded into Gangetic settlements. There is
no evidence of restrictions regarding food and marriage during
the Vedic period.
7. Religious origins of the caste system
The varna system is propounded in revered Hindu religious
texts, and understood as idealised human callings. The
Purusha Sukta of the Rigveda and Manusmriti's comment on
it, being the oft-cited texts. Counter to these textual
classifications, many revered Hindu texts and doctrines
question and disagree with this system of social
classification.
Scholars have questioned the varna verse in the Rigveda,
noting that the varna therein is mentioned only once. The
Purusha Sukta verse is now generally considered to have
been inserted at a later date into the Rigveda, probably as a
charter myth.The Manusmriti includes an extensive and
highly schematic commentary on the varna system, but it too
provides "models rather than descriptions". Manusmriti and
other scriptures helped elevate Brahmins in the social
hierarchy and these were a factor in the making of the varna
system, but the ancient texts did not in some way "create the
phenomenon of caste" in India.
8. Different caste system in India
Varna refers to a social class within a
hierarchical traditional Hindu society.The
ideology is epitomized in texts
like Manusmriti,which describes and ranks
four varnas, and prescribes their occupations,
requirements and duties, or Dharma
•Brahmins: Vedic scholars, priests or
teachers.
•Kshatriyas: Rulers, administrators or
warriors.
•Vaishyas: Agriculturalists, farmers or
merchants.[7]
•Shudras: Artisans, laborers or servants.
9. Impact of caste system in India
The caste system has had a significant impact on Indian society,
impacting social structure, economic development, education, health,
marriage and family, gender, political representation, social
mobility, cultural identity, mental health, The caste system
has resulted in discrimination and marginalization of the lower
castes, a lack of access to education and employment, a lack of
upward mobility, and a lack of representation in political
positions.This has led to a lack of education, employment, and other
opportunities for women, especially those from lower castes.
Additionally, the caste system has led to discrimination in marriage
and family, with women from lower
castes being denied the right to marry and form families. In order to
address these issues and create an equitable society for all
genders, it is necessary to address the root causes of the caste
system, including inequality,
discrimination, and marginalization.
10. Discrimination and ill treatment with lower caste
More than 160 million people in India are considered
"Untouchable"—people tainted by their birth into a caste system
that deems them impure, less than human.
Human rights abuses against these people, known as Dalits, are
legion.
"Dalits are not allowed to drink from the same wells, attend the
same temples, wear shoes in the presence of an upper caste, or
drink from the same cups in tea stalls," said Smita Narula, a senior
researcher with Human Rights Watch, and author of Broken People:
India's Untouchables are relegated to the lowest jobs, and live in
constant fear of being publicly humiliated, paraded naked, beaten,
and raped with impunity by upper-caste seeking to keep them in
their place. Merely walking through an upper-caste neighborhood is
a life-threatening offense.
Nearly 90 percent of all the poor Indians and 95 percent of all the
illiterate Indians are Dalits.
11. The untouchables
Untouchability is a form of social
institution that legitimises and
enforces practices that are
discriminatory, humiliating,
exclusionary and exploitative
against people belonging to
certain social groups.
12. • The term is most commonly associated with treatment of the Dalit communities in
the Indian subcontinent who were considered "polluting".
• They were stopped from doing-
• Prohibition from eating with other members
• Provision of separate cups in village tea stalls
• Separate seating arrangements and utensils in restaurants
• Segregation in seating and food arrangements at village functions and festivals
• Prohibition from entering places of public worship
• Prohibition from wearing sandals or holding umbrellas in front of higher caste
members
• Prohibition from entering other caste homes
• Prohibition from using common village paths
• Prohibition from accessing common/public properties and resources (wells,
ponds, temples, etc.)
13. CASTE DISCRIMINATION
1)IN TEMPLES
In India Dalits face various forms of discrimination in
some temples including being denied entry, not being
appointed priests, and not being allowed to participate
in rituals, festivals and processions.
2) IN VILLAGES
Many villages are separated by caste and may not cross
the line dividing them from the higher caste.
14. 3) IN EDUCATION
Students belonging to lower caste especially Dalits are
forced to leave their education as they are deemed to
be unworthy of education. They are forced into child
labour which hampers their education.
4) IN JOBS
India's caste system determines much about an
individual's opportunities
Occupation for one is already decided by the society on
the basis of caste system. According to this system
Brahmins are the priests. The kshatriyas are the
merchants and the shudras are supposed to be the
servants inspite of the fact that how skilled they are
and in which field.
CASTE DISCRIMINATION
15. INTERVIEW
FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE INTERVIEWS TAKEN FROM DIFFERENT PERSONS
TO KNOW THEIR VIEWS ON CASTEISM
INTERVIEWER- PRACHI GOSWAMI
INTERVIEW OF TAHREEM- A STUDENT
• PRACHI- What is your opinion as a student about the caste system followed in India
• TAHREEM- As a student I feel that casteism is still a big problem in our country. People
might not have realized it, but it is in our roots.
• PRACHI- In last one decade what are the changes you have seen regarding casteism
prevailing in India ?
• TAHREEM- n the last decade , things have changed drastically. Thanks to the education
system for giving us a sense of wrong & right . Children who were taught to stay away from
certain groups of people are now understanding the sensitivity of the matter.
16. • PRACHI- What changes you want to make in caste system followed in India?
• TAHREEM- I believe the gradual steps we are taking is enough. Children are the future and
if we make them realize , I believe the future is safe .But still rules protecting them should
be very strict.
INTERVIEW OF ARYA- A STUDENT
• PRACHI- Do you think caste system should be there in India
• ARYA- No there should not be caste system it affects the development of India.
• PRACHI-Have you ever seen caste discrimination happening in the field of education?
• ARYA- NO I have not seen yet
• PRACHI-do you think caste matters in education?
• ARYA-No caste system doesn’t matter in education, deserving should always get a chance
to achieve their goals in life irrespective of their caste .
17. HOW CASTE DISCRIMINATION CAN BE SOLVED?
Education ad Awareness is the major factor
which can hep to solve caste discrimination.
With the help of Education all social evils can
be faced.
Education is the key to unlock caste
discrimination
Some suggestion to remove caste inequality
are-
(1)Practice of untouchability must not be
followed
(2)Everyone should be treated equally
(3)Every person must be provided equal
opportunities
