With more than two or three countries Government endorsement of a SAP is difficult, if not impossible. SAP documents are often adopted at solely at the Ministry level and do not go through an inter-sectoral consultation procedure.
Dr. Paul V. Desanker discussed key points from a regional workshop on National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) for the Pacific Region. He emphasized that the NAP process is an ongoing, iterative effort to integrate adaptation actions, not just a single plan. Countries are at different stages of the NAP process. The NAP can help access funding from the Green Climate Fund and define a country's adaptation response. While interest is high in the GCF, many countries need help building capacity to engage with it. Regional cooperation has been effective in the Pacific and could help advance agreement on using regional approaches to adaptation. Lessons from the Pacific region's adaptation efforts should also inform other regions.
The document summarizes statistics and information on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) from the UNFCCC Registry and NAMA Database. It notes that while there are over 80 NAMAs across 34 countries listed in the database, the level of detail provided varies and there is likely more progress on NAMAs than is publicly reported. It also identifies areas where more clarity, funding, concrete examples, and sharing of experiences are needed to advance the development and implementation of NAMAs between donor countries and host countries. The document concludes with short opinion pieces from nine organizations on various topics related to NAMA finance, development, implementation, monitoring and the NAMA Facility.
The document proposes an "Integrating Approach" for structuring discussions on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It suggests focusing initially on targets rather than goals to better capture interlinkages between issues and sectors. By engaging stakeholders from the start on specific targets, it allows identification of synergies and trade-offs. This approach produces more coherent, streamlined discussions compared to traditional "silos" and could potentially reduce the number of targets. It also facilitates implementation by building stronger political support around agreed upon multi-dimensional targets. Moving forward, efforts should be made to identify inter-sectoral linkages and prioritize targets through a bottom-up process to better inform decision making.
The document outlines the Joint Adaptation Standards (JAS) which were developed through workshops in multiple countries to establish principles for national adaptation plans. It presents the 15 draft principles under 4 categories: how plans should be developed, mechanisms they should establish, actions they should support, and how funding should be managed. The principles emphasize community participation, traditional knowledge, priority support for vulnerable groups, capacity building, and transparency. The workshop aims to gather feedback on revising the principles to create Version 1 of the JAS.
Initiating Sector Integration in the NAP Process: A spectrumNAP Global Network
The document discusses the NAP Global Network, which aims to enhance support for national adaptation plan (NAP) processes. It has three components: 1) a targeted topics forum for sharing best practices; 2) promoting global donor coordination; and 3) providing technical support for in-country coordination. The first forum brought together participants from 14 countries and 6 organizations to discuss challenges. The rest of the document focuses on approaches countries are taking to integrate climate adaptation into sector policies, using the Philippines as an example of a nationally-driven process and advertising upcoming opportunities to learn about other countries' approaches.
NAP Global Network: Coordinating Climate-Resilient DevelopmentExternalEvents
www.fao.org/climatechange
The presentation was presented by Anne Hammil, Director on Resilience issues in IISD, on Day 2 of the Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans Workshop, 5-7 April 2016, Rome, Italy.
Presented by Paddy Pringle, Climate Analytics/SPREP, in September 2020 at the Virtual Learning Event on Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) for National Adaptation in Pacific Small Island Developing States organized by organized by the NAP Global Network in collaboration with the Pacific Resilience Partnership (PRP)
Dr. Paul V. Desanker discussed key points from a regional workshop on National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) for the Pacific Region. He emphasized that the NAP process is an ongoing, iterative effort to integrate adaptation actions, not just a single plan. Countries are at different stages of the NAP process. The NAP can help access funding from the Green Climate Fund and define a country's adaptation response. While interest is high in the GCF, many countries need help building capacity to engage with it. Regional cooperation has been effective in the Pacific and could help advance agreement on using regional approaches to adaptation. Lessons from the Pacific region's adaptation efforts should also inform other regions.
The document summarizes statistics and information on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) from the UNFCCC Registry and NAMA Database. It notes that while there are over 80 NAMAs across 34 countries listed in the database, the level of detail provided varies and there is likely more progress on NAMAs than is publicly reported. It also identifies areas where more clarity, funding, concrete examples, and sharing of experiences are needed to advance the development and implementation of NAMAs between donor countries and host countries. The document concludes with short opinion pieces from nine organizations on various topics related to NAMA finance, development, implementation, monitoring and the NAMA Facility.
The document proposes an "Integrating Approach" for structuring discussions on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It suggests focusing initially on targets rather than goals to better capture interlinkages between issues and sectors. By engaging stakeholders from the start on specific targets, it allows identification of synergies and trade-offs. This approach produces more coherent, streamlined discussions compared to traditional "silos" and could potentially reduce the number of targets. It also facilitates implementation by building stronger political support around agreed upon multi-dimensional targets. Moving forward, efforts should be made to identify inter-sectoral linkages and prioritize targets through a bottom-up process to better inform decision making.
The document outlines the Joint Adaptation Standards (JAS) which were developed through workshops in multiple countries to establish principles for national adaptation plans. It presents the 15 draft principles under 4 categories: how plans should be developed, mechanisms they should establish, actions they should support, and how funding should be managed. The principles emphasize community participation, traditional knowledge, priority support for vulnerable groups, capacity building, and transparency. The workshop aims to gather feedback on revising the principles to create Version 1 of the JAS.
Initiating Sector Integration in the NAP Process: A spectrumNAP Global Network
The document discusses the NAP Global Network, which aims to enhance support for national adaptation plan (NAP) processes. It has three components: 1) a targeted topics forum for sharing best practices; 2) promoting global donor coordination; and 3) providing technical support for in-country coordination. The first forum brought together participants from 14 countries and 6 organizations to discuss challenges. The rest of the document focuses on approaches countries are taking to integrate climate adaptation into sector policies, using the Philippines as an example of a nationally-driven process and advertising upcoming opportunities to learn about other countries' approaches.
NAP Global Network: Coordinating Climate-Resilient DevelopmentExternalEvents
www.fao.org/climatechange
The presentation was presented by Anne Hammil, Director on Resilience issues in IISD, on Day 2 of the Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans Workshop, 5-7 April 2016, Rome, Italy.
Presented by Paddy Pringle, Climate Analytics/SPREP, in September 2020 at the Virtual Learning Event on Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) for National Adaptation in Pacific Small Island Developing States organized by organized by the NAP Global Network in collaboration with the Pacific Resilience Partnership (PRP)
Introduction to the NAP Global Network Webinar Series | Sector Integration in...NAP Global Network
Presentation by Hayley Price-Kelly, IISD, introducing the NAP Global Network webinar series and the topic "Sector Integration in the NAP Process: A Spectrum of Approaches."
You can watch a recording of the webinar here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCTfrhYx13o&feature=youtu.be
Improved Risk information to support sound policy/decision making processes –...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document summarizes CRED's experience partnering with GRIP/UNDP to improve disaster risk information and support evidence-based policymaking. Key activities included regional workshops on risk knowledge, developing standardized disaster classifications, creating an online disaster data portal, strengthening national databases through audits and guidelines, and reviewing impact indicator definitions. The goal was to overcome limitations of inconsistent data by developing clear methodologies and definitions to enhance comparability and inform disaster prevention and preparedness efforts.
1) The document discusses ways to maximize the impact of peer reviews like the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). It identifies several areas that could be improved, such as incentivizing implementation, strengthening follow-up processes, and ensuring reviews remain relevant by focusing on priority areas.
2) Understanding the political economy of countries and identifying strategies to address barriers is important for successful implementation of recommendations. Incentives for different stakeholders must be considered.
3) Stronger linkages between the APRM and other African and international processes could increase its attractiveness and impact. Regular monitoring and evaluation also needs strengthening.
This document summarizes the status of neighbourhood planning in Arun District Council. It notes that 17 neighbourhood areas have been designated and 10 neighbourhood development plans have been adopted. It provides advice and lessons learned for neighbourhood groups based on examinations and referendums. Key points covered include starting community engagement early, providing support and guidance to groups, ensuring housing needs are assessed, and clarifying examination and referendum processes between the Council and groups. The document aims to improve outcomes through collaborative neighbourhood planning.
Making defensible-planning-decisions-june2019mhutttch
The document provides guidance to local planning authorities on making defensible planning decisions. It emphasizes that decisions should be made in accordance with the local development plan and considers all material planning considerations. It advises starting with the development plan and considering national and local policies. Councillors are told to balance material considerations and evidence to make decisions that could be reasonably defended on appeal. The document stresses seeking advice from planning officers to help make decisions that avoid legal challenge and enhance the council's reputation.
Strategic Planning & your Duty to Cooperate (Councillors)PAS_Team
This document discusses strategic planning and the duty to cooperate between local authorities. It provides context on the legal requirements for councils and public bodies to engage constructively on strategic issues that cross boundaries. It outlines examples of new models for strategic cooperation that are emerging, such as strategic planning frameworks led by local authorities and local enterprise partnerships, and combined authorities. The document also shares lessons learned from local plan examinations, emphasizing the need for ongoing and collaborative working to effectively address strategic priorities.
Plenary Summary TRACK 1: TDA, SAP, and Participatory Process Best Practices ...Iwl Pcu
Objective: TDA/SAP process is a useful and effective tool for successful environmental intervention.
Some common elements and requirements are shared by all TDAs and SAPs; however, flexibility is essential to reflect regional conditions and differences.
TDA/SAP should reflect process of adaptive management and undergo routine updating.
This presentation was delivered by Carl Howell, Economist at the Seminar on Public-Private Partnerships in the Caribbean: Building on Early Lessons. The event took place on May 28, 2014 in Guyana. For more information about PPPs in the Caribbean, visit www.caribank.org.
February 14 | Role of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process in NDC imple...NAP Global Network
The document discusses the relationship between a country's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) pledged under the Paris Agreement. A NAP lays out a country's medium- and long-term adaptation needs and strategies, while an NDC outlines its commitments to reducing emissions and adapting to climate impacts. There is recognition that NAPs can serve as the vehicle for implementing adaptation efforts outlined in NDCs. However, the links between the two processes are still largely theoretical and challenges remain in coordinating them in practice at the national level. The document provides examples of different approaches countries are taking and resources available to support stronger NAP-NDC alignment.
UNFCCC Overview of Process to Formulate and Implement NAPs - National Adaptat...UNDP Climate
SLYCAN Trust hosted a webinar on December 18 to engage in a discussion on matters pertaining to National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and the processes under the UNFCCC that mandate the provision of technical and financial support for developing countries for the implementation of NAPs. The discussion also entailed decisions and outcomes of COP23, and how it impacts future processes on adaptation activities under various working groups of the UNFCCC process.
Neighbourhood planning allows local communities to shape development in their area by creating neighbourhood plans and granting development consent. Over 1,000 areas have been designated for neighbourhood planning, with over 1,100 plans passed at referendum. The government aims to make the process more accessible and efficient based on lessons learned, through measures like standardizing timelines for area designation and clarifying environmental assessment requirements. Support for groups includes grants up to £8,000, direct technical assistance, and an expanded £22.5 million support program over 2015-2018. Costs of creating plans average £13,758 but can vary significantly based on the size and needs of the area.
Day 2.3 - SWA’s role in improving aid effectiveness in the WASH sectorsanitationandwater4all
This document discusses strengthening country processes to improve aid effectiveness in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It provides examples from Liberia and Niger of strengthening sector policies, coordination, financing, and monitoring. Lessons are drawn from the education and health sectors, such as using compacts to outline mutual accountability and linking partnerships to aid effectiveness principles. A funding cliff is predicted for 2015 as available financing declines sharply without sustained commitments. The role of the Sanitation and Water for All partnership in addressing these challenges is highlighted.
Strategic planning and the duty to co-operate (March 2014) PAS_Team
The document discusses strategic planning and the duty to cooperate between local authorities. It emphasizes that strategic planning should address issues that cross local boundaries, like housing, infrastructure, and the environment. The duty to cooperate requires councils to actively engage with neighboring authorities and other groups to coordinate plans. Evidence of cooperation may include joint frameworks, plans, evidence bases, and statements of common ground. Strategic plans benefit from involvement of groups like Local Enterprise Partnerships, which influence economic development, and Local Nature Partnerships, which address environmental challenges. Effective cooperation depends on locally-driven priorities, transparency, and leaders willing to jointly address difficult issues.
"Civil Registration and Vital Statistics." (English)
Presentations to the Second Stakeholders Meeting on Implementing the Recommendations of the Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health, Ottawa.
Session 3B: Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems
21-22 November 2011
Understanding and Articulating the Problem - Session 6 Managing Project Prepa...UNDP Climate
Session 6 introduces problem/objective tree analysis as a tool for examining the direct and indirect drivers and effects of climate impacts and revealing linkages with other development challenges. The technique is also useful for engaging with stakeholders to develop a common understanding of the problem to be addressed in the adaptation project. This enables participants not only to comprehensively describe the impacts of climate change, but also to describe the development context in the project document. Working through an objective tree helps participants identify options for addressing the problem. Overall, this session helps participants frame the problem in a way that in amenable to practical action.
o OBJECTIVE 1: Participants will create a sample problem tree and objective tree
o OBJECTIVE 2: Participants will present their trees and receive comment about the linkages and logic from experts.
Riding the waves - strengthening organisational resilienceNoel Hatch
This document discusses organizational resilience in local councils and how to strengthen it. It defines resilience as having three capabilities: absorbative to adapt during shocks, adaptive to make incremental changes, and anticipatory to prepare for future disruptions. Six key characteristics of resilient councils are identified: strong leadership, engaged staff, learning and innovation, financial and performance intelligence, collaborative relationships, and resource flexibility. While councils are strong at responding to immediate shocks, many want to improve their adaptive and anticipatory capabilities. The document provides examples of councils that have deliberately invested in resilience and celebrates examples of councils demonstrating resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also identifies some lessons for the sector, such as nurturing cultures of innovation. Strengthening
The document discusses Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), which are policies and actions undertaken by countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It notes key issues around NAMAs such as eligibility criteria for international funding, additionality requirements, and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) standards. The document also provides examples of potential NAMA activities and discusses DNV's role in advising on and verifying climate change mitigation plans and results.
PAS held two events in September 2014 specifically on Waste planning and the Duty to Co-operate. The composite presentation below has the slides from both Hampshire (who spoke in London) and Derbyshire (who spoke in Leeds). - See more at: http://www.pas.gov.uk/web/pas1/strategicplanning/-/journal_content/56/332612/6519874/ARTICLE#sthash.n3cxYQzv.dpuf
School Plots For Sale Gurgaon
For More Info: -
Settlers India
Mobile- +91-9990095550, +91-9990065550
Email - settlersindia@gmail.com
website- www.settlersindia.com
The Orange County Animal Shelter: The Facility, The Function, The FutureNo Kill Shelter Alliance
This document is a report from the 2014-2015 Orange County Grand Jury regarding the Orange County Animal Shelter. The Grand Jury found that the 74-year-old shelter facility is rundown, overcrowded, and unable to properly care for animals. For over 20 years, the County Board of Supervisors has recognized the need for a new shelter but has failed to take substantive action. The County has focused solely on one potential site for a new shelter despite long-lasting environmental issues, while neglecting to explore other options or develop preliminary plans. The Grand Jury concluded that lack of leadership and prioritization of other issues by the County are responsible for the failure to address the need for a new shelter.
Introduction to the NAP Global Network Webinar Series | Sector Integration in...NAP Global Network
Presentation by Hayley Price-Kelly, IISD, introducing the NAP Global Network webinar series and the topic "Sector Integration in the NAP Process: A Spectrum of Approaches."
You can watch a recording of the webinar here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCTfrhYx13o&feature=youtu.be
Improved Risk information to support sound policy/decision making processes –...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document summarizes CRED's experience partnering with GRIP/UNDP to improve disaster risk information and support evidence-based policymaking. Key activities included regional workshops on risk knowledge, developing standardized disaster classifications, creating an online disaster data portal, strengthening national databases through audits and guidelines, and reviewing impact indicator definitions. The goal was to overcome limitations of inconsistent data by developing clear methodologies and definitions to enhance comparability and inform disaster prevention and preparedness efforts.
1) The document discusses ways to maximize the impact of peer reviews like the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). It identifies several areas that could be improved, such as incentivizing implementation, strengthening follow-up processes, and ensuring reviews remain relevant by focusing on priority areas.
2) Understanding the political economy of countries and identifying strategies to address barriers is important for successful implementation of recommendations. Incentives for different stakeholders must be considered.
3) Stronger linkages between the APRM and other African and international processes could increase its attractiveness and impact. Regular monitoring and evaluation also needs strengthening.
This document summarizes the status of neighbourhood planning in Arun District Council. It notes that 17 neighbourhood areas have been designated and 10 neighbourhood development plans have been adopted. It provides advice and lessons learned for neighbourhood groups based on examinations and referendums. Key points covered include starting community engagement early, providing support and guidance to groups, ensuring housing needs are assessed, and clarifying examination and referendum processes between the Council and groups. The document aims to improve outcomes through collaborative neighbourhood planning.
Making defensible-planning-decisions-june2019mhutttch
The document provides guidance to local planning authorities on making defensible planning decisions. It emphasizes that decisions should be made in accordance with the local development plan and considers all material planning considerations. It advises starting with the development plan and considering national and local policies. Councillors are told to balance material considerations and evidence to make decisions that could be reasonably defended on appeal. The document stresses seeking advice from planning officers to help make decisions that avoid legal challenge and enhance the council's reputation.
Strategic Planning & your Duty to Cooperate (Councillors)PAS_Team
This document discusses strategic planning and the duty to cooperate between local authorities. It provides context on the legal requirements for councils and public bodies to engage constructively on strategic issues that cross boundaries. It outlines examples of new models for strategic cooperation that are emerging, such as strategic planning frameworks led by local authorities and local enterprise partnerships, and combined authorities. The document also shares lessons learned from local plan examinations, emphasizing the need for ongoing and collaborative working to effectively address strategic priorities.
Plenary Summary TRACK 1: TDA, SAP, and Participatory Process Best Practices ...Iwl Pcu
Objective: TDA/SAP process is a useful and effective tool for successful environmental intervention.
Some common elements and requirements are shared by all TDAs and SAPs; however, flexibility is essential to reflect regional conditions and differences.
TDA/SAP should reflect process of adaptive management and undergo routine updating.
This presentation was delivered by Carl Howell, Economist at the Seminar on Public-Private Partnerships in the Caribbean: Building on Early Lessons. The event took place on May 28, 2014 in Guyana. For more information about PPPs in the Caribbean, visit www.caribank.org.
February 14 | Role of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process in NDC imple...NAP Global Network
The document discusses the relationship between a country's National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) pledged under the Paris Agreement. A NAP lays out a country's medium- and long-term adaptation needs and strategies, while an NDC outlines its commitments to reducing emissions and adapting to climate impacts. There is recognition that NAPs can serve as the vehicle for implementing adaptation efforts outlined in NDCs. However, the links between the two processes are still largely theoretical and challenges remain in coordinating them in practice at the national level. The document provides examples of different approaches countries are taking and resources available to support stronger NAP-NDC alignment.
UNFCCC Overview of Process to Formulate and Implement NAPs - National Adaptat...UNDP Climate
SLYCAN Trust hosted a webinar on December 18 to engage in a discussion on matters pertaining to National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and the processes under the UNFCCC that mandate the provision of technical and financial support for developing countries for the implementation of NAPs. The discussion also entailed decisions and outcomes of COP23, and how it impacts future processes on adaptation activities under various working groups of the UNFCCC process.
Neighbourhood planning allows local communities to shape development in their area by creating neighbourhood plans and granting development consent. Over 1,000 areas have been designated for neighbourhood planning, with over 1,100 plans passed at referendum. The government aims to make the process more accessible and efficient based on lessons learned, through measures like standardizing timelines for area designation and clarifying environmental assessment requirements. Support for groups includes grants up to £8,000, direct technical assistance, and an expanded £22.5 million support program over 2015-2018. Costs of creating plans average £13,758 but can vary significantly based on the size and needs of the area.
Day 2.3 - SWA’s role in improving aid effectiveness in the WASH sectorsanitationandwater4all
This document discusses strengthening country processes to improve aid effectiveness in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It provides examples from Liberia and Niger of strengthening sector policies, coordination, financing, and monitoring. Lessons are drawn from the education and health sectors, such as using compacts to outline mutual accountability and linking partnerships to aid effectiveness principles. A funding cliff is predicted for 2015 as available financing declines sharply without sustained commitments. The role of the Sanitation and Water for All partnership in addressing these challenges is highlighted.
Strategic planning and the duty to co-operate (March 2014) PAS_Team
The document discusses strategic planning and the duty to cooperate between local authorities. It emphasizes that strategic planning should address issues that cross local boundaries, like housing, infrastructure, and the environment. The duty to cooperate requires councils to actively engage with neighboring authorities and other groups to coordinate plans. Evidence of cooperation may include joint frameworks, plans, evidence bases, and statements of common ground. Strategic plans benefit from involvement of groups like Local Enterprise Partnerships, which influence economic development, and Local Nature Partnerships, which address environmental challenges. Effective cooperation depends on locally-driven priorities, transparency, and leaders willing to jointly address difficult issues.
"Civil Registration and Vital Statistics." (English)
Presentations to the Second Stakeholders Meeting on Implementing the Recommendations of the Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health, Ottawa.
Session 3B: Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Systems
21-22 November 2011
Understanding and Articulating the Problem - Session 6 Managing Project Prepa...UNDP Climate
Session 6 introduces problem/objective tree analysis as a tool for examining the direct and indirect drivers and effects of climate impacts and revealing linkages with other development challenges. The technique is also useful for engaging with stakeholders to develop a common understanding of the problem to be addressed in the adaptation project. This enables participants not only to comprehensively describe the impacts of climate change, but also to describe the development context in the project document. Working through an objective tree helps participants identify options for addressing the problem. Overall, this session helps participants frame the problem in a way that in amenable to practical action.
o OBJECTIVE 1: Participants will create a sample problem tree and objective tree
o OBJECTIVE 2: Participants will present their trees and receive comment about the linkages and logic from experts.
Riding the waves - strengthening organisational resilienceNoel Hatch
This document discusses organizational resilience in local councils and how to strengthen it. It defines resilience as having three capabilities: absorbative to adapt during shocks, adaptive to make incremental changes, and anticipatory to prepare for future disruptions. Six key characteristics of resilient councils are identified: strong leadership, engaged staff, learning and innovation, financial and performance intelligence, collaborative relationships, and resource flexibility. While councils are strong at responding to immediate shocks, many want to improve their adaptive and anticipatory capabilities. The document provides examples of councils that have deliberately invested in resilience and celebrates examples of councils demonstrating resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also identifies some lessons for the sector, such as nurturing cultures of innovation. Strengthening
The document discusses Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), which are policies and actions undertaken by countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It notes key issues around NAMAs such as eligibility criteria for international funding, additionality requirements, and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) standards. The document also provides examples of potential NAMA activities and discusses DNV's role in advising on and verifying climate change mitigation plans and results.
PAS held two events in September 2014 specifically on Waste planning and the Duty to Co-operate. The composite presentation below has the slides from both Hampshire (who spoke in London) and Derbyshire (who spoke in Leeds). - See more at: http://www.pas.gov.uk/web/pas1/strategicplanning/-/journal_content/56/332612/6519874/ARTICLE#sthash.n3cxYQzv.dpuf
School Plots For Sale Gurgaon
For More Info: -
Settlers India
Mobile- +91-9990095550, +91-9990065550
Email - settlersindia@gmail.com
website- www.settlersindia.com
The Orange County Animal Shelter: The Facility, The Function, The FutureNo Kill Shelter Alliance
This document is a report from the 2014-2015 Orange County Grand Jury regarding the Orange County Animal Shelter. The Grand Jury found that the 74-year-old shelter facility is rundown, overcrowded, and unable to properly care for animals. For over 20 years, the County Board of Supervisors has recognized the need for a new shelter but has failed to take substantive action. The County has focused solely on one potential site for a new shelter despite long-lasting environmental issues, while neglecting to explore other options or develop preliminary plans. The Grand Jury concluded that lack of leadership and prioritization of other issues by the County are responsible for the failure to address the need for a new shelter.
Agenda followed by Introduction, both by Summer Parker
MEETING AGENDA
OCAC* Euthanasia Analysis
March 19, 2016
*Orange County Animal Care
INTRODUCTION:
Welcome to our Analysis of OCAC Data provided via the Sharon Logan lawsuit!
Statement by Sharon Logan
Introduction to Eugene Gochicoa
3 PART ANALYSIS:
Raw Data Spreadsheets
Pivot Table
Charts
CONCLUSION:
Please make sure to join our Facebook groups: No Kill Shelter Alliance & Save
More Kill Less OC Animal Care Protest Group.
Please join us at our next protest which is being held in front of the Board of Supervisors meeting this Tuesday, March 22nd please arrive by 8:00 a.m. Location is: Hall of Administration 333 West Santa Ana Boulevard in Santa Ana CA.
Statement by Jennifer Hawkins Director of OC Animal Care to The Orange County Register August 26, 2015:
Dr. Hawkins stated, “We maintain our commitment to providing quality treatment to the animals in our care. This includes employing our best efforts to avoid euthanasia of healthy animals or animals with no known temperamental defect. The outcome of this settlement agreement is not so much a win for either party but rather a win for animals that might otherwise be surrendered for the purpose of euthanasia.”
--------------
INTRODUCTION:
Thank you everyone for attending this meeting today. My name is Summer Parker and I am the Founder of the Save More Kill Less OC Animal Care Protest Group.
Today we will be covering the data analysis of euthanized animals from October 2015 through February 2016 provided by OC Animal Care via the Sharon Logan lawsuit. We will conduct this meeting in three parts that will include
Section one: Raw Data Spreadsheet
Section two: Pivot Table
Section three: Charts.
We also suggest you use the chat window to introduce yourself and also use the chat window to type your questions so that we are able to address each question as soon as we can get to a stopping point.
Next, I would like to introduce Sharon Logan:
Sharon Logan is an Animal Activist, Founder of Paw Protectors and Plaintiff in the Sharon Logan Lawsuit vs. OC Animal Care lawsuit. Regarding the lawsuit, there were some very serious allegations, violations, State and Federal statutes and laws that Sharon Logan has named in her 13 page lawsuit that Sharon Logan claims the Orange County Animal Shelter has continually and habitually violated.
Portions of Sharon Logan's lawsuit reads:
- Defendants have engaged and continue to engage in an ongoing pattern of abuse and failure to follow state law at the Orange County Animal Care. Defendant's consistent violations of law in this petition and complaint have resulted in the senseless and wrongful killing of impounded animals in direct contravention of the State of California's policy codified into law to promote rescue and adoption over death for these animals.
PLEASE SEE DOCUMENT FOR THE REST...
Introduction, schools for the future, aprilMinna Levin
This document summarizes a non-profit organization called Schools for the Future that promotes literacy education in El Salvador. It operates with local teams and runs workshops to improve reading, writing, and long-term thinking for children ages 11-13. From 2010-2012 it worked with 4 schools and over 160 children. Evaluation found improved literacy skills, tolerance, and family interaction. Its goals are to expand programs, develop leadership training, and integrate its methodology into teacher training. It seeks continued funding and international expansion to help more schools.
This certificate acknowledges that Cameron P Fauth completed the independent study course IS-00100.b Introduction to Incident Command System ICS-100 on February 17, 2015. The course provides 0.3 IACET CEU and was issued by the Emergency Management Institute to recognize dedication to serving in times of crisis through continued professional development.
Este documento presenta una receta para un pastel de carne picada y champiñones elaborado a partir de carne picada sobrante de una receta de berenjenas rellenas. La receta incluye carne picada, cebolla, puerro, pimiento rojo y champiñones pochados, a los que se añaden aceitunas verdes picadas. La mezcla se coloca en un molde y se cubre con puré de patatas casero. Se hornea a 180°C durante unos 15 minutos.
It’s now more than five decades since the development of computer applications for use in business became widespread. After all of this experience, projects are still going live in poor condition: late, over budget, buggy, all of these or, sometimes, not even making it into production at all. How can this be? Why do testers so often get the blame for these failures, and what can we do about it?
In this presentation, Richard Taylor looks at some of the reasons for this. He shows why it goes much deeper than simple coding errors, into some of the core practices of project management and business / systems analysis. But what can testers do about these things – after all, we can only test what we’re given, in whatever time we’re given, can’t we?
Richard believes that testers can, in fact, use their unique skills to improve the quality of software, and the effectiveness of our testing, before we take delivery. So, he argues, testers should not be content to be mere victims at the end of the development chain, and he proposes ways in which testers can use their expertise to eliminate some common causes of project failure.
Aquí presento una serie de cursos que he impartido y algunas de las herramientas señaladas para al visitar una empresa determinar las necesidades formativas del cliente.
Since the computer became an important tool in our life, the design possibilities are greatly increased. However, the translation of this computational design is often done through printed plans, which are then realized with traditional construction methods. All of the information available in digital form, gets lost in this last step. Digital manufacturing is changing this by creating a direct link between design and production. The real object is like an exact copy of the virtual model.
SPIF stands for Single Point Incremental Forming. By using an industrial robot to push the metal gradually along a specific tool path, a wide variety of geometries becomes possible. Since there is no mold needed for this process, it is ideal for prototyping and producing small batches. As each panel can be different, free form architecture may also be an interesting field of application.
Through one or more test cases I would like to explore the possibilities of this technique in an architectural context. Possible applications are, for example, a self-supporting wall or self-supporting roof construction. For example I modeled a structure, based on an existing project from a carport, and subjected it to a certain load. In the second case a grid of ribs is added on the geometry. We can see clearly that the deflection decreases substantially by using a geometry with more depth.
Since it is an integrated process from design to production, it may be interesting to handle all of this in one software. That's why also the tool path, needed to control the robot, is generated in Grasshopper. This plugin provides a parametric environment for Rhinoceros3D. As an output it will give a series of coordinates and direction vectors.
Gert-Willem Van Gompel
Master of Engineering: Architecture
The document summarizes the experiences and lessons learned from two GEF projects: IWCAM and CReW.
IWCAM (2006-2011) strengthened capacity for integrated watershed and coastal area management in 13 Caribbean countries. Key achievements included establishing an IWCAM approach, replicating best practices, and contributing to policy reforms. Critical success factors included partnerships, communications strategies, stakeholder involvement, and capacity building.
CReW (2011-2015) aims to provide sustainable wastewater financing, support reforms, and foster regional knowledge exchange in the Caribbean. Communications strategies for both projects emphasized changing attitudes, public awareness, and documenting lessons learned. Both projects highlighted the importance of early stakeholder involvement, adaptive management
Introduction to the Targeted Topics Forum & NAP Global NetworkNAP Global Network
This document outlines the objectives and structure of the Targeted Topics Forum on Coordinating Climate-Resilient Development. The forum aims to: 1) develop strategies for high-level political support for mainstreaming climate adaptation; 2) gain practical knowledge on integrating adaptation into sectoral planning; and 3) identify roles of different actors to coordinate adaptation actions. It consists of three components: a steering committee of 11 countries, a secretariat, and global participation of donors and practitioners. The goal is to enhance bilateral support for national adaptation plans through improved coordination, leadership, learning, and exchange.
The Vertical Integration of the NAP Process: The Kingdom of Eswatini’s Recent...NAP Global Network
The document summarizes Eswatini's experiences vertically integrating its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It discusses three projects that implemented this: 1) an outreach program strengthening traditional knowledge and resilience, 2) regional awareness campaigns, and 3) a project with Queen Mary University of London. Over 450 people participated in the awareness campaigns across Eswatini's four regions. The workshops helped identify local adaptation needs and priorities. This information will inform regionally integrated adaptation plans to better coordinate climate adaptation between community, regional, and national levels. Lessons included empowering rural communities with adaptation knowledge and respecting community structures to design sustainable measures.
This document discusses linking risk and vulnerability assessments (RVAs) with monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) processes in National Adaptation Plans (NAPs). It presents results from case studies of 12 countries. While countries invest in developing both RVAs and MEL systems for NAPs, limited attention has been given to linking the two. RVAs can play roles in evaluating impact, adequacy, effectiveness, and relevance of adaptation actions. However, only two countries explicitly link RVAs and MEL. Repeating RVAs regularly could help measure changes over time, but more discussion is needed within governments on better aligning RVAs and MEL to inform each other. The document raises questions about how to better design
This document discusses linking risk and vulnerability assessments (RVAs) with monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) in National Adaptation Plan (NAP) processes. It presents results from case studies of 12 countries on their approaches. While countries invest in developing RVAs and MEL systems, limited attention has been given to linking the two in NAP processes. RVAs can play roles in evaluating impact, adequacy, effectiveness and relevance of adaptation actions. However, only two countries explicitly link RVAs to their NAP MEL system. Repeating RVAs regularly could help measure changes over time, but barriers include the difficulty of initial RVAs and lack of alignment between RVA and MEL coordination agencies within governments. More discussion
Presentation by Anne Hammill, IISD, introducing the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network at the network's Targeted Topics Forum in Lilongwe, Malawi, in February 2017.
Presentation by Aditya Bahadur, Action on Climate Today, at our Targeted Topics Forum on the theme of “High-Level Political Support and Sectoral Integration of Adaptation” in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from September 21-23, 2016.
Role of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process in NDC implementationNAP Global Network
Presentation by Anne Hammill, IISD, at the Peer Learning Summit on "The role of the NAP process in NDC implementation" held in Bangkok, Thailand, from Oct 1-2, 2018. This Forum was co-hosted by Thailand's Office of National Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP) and the NAP Global Network.
The document discusses plans to develop Joint Adaptation Standards (JAS) to improve advocacy for pro-poor adaptation policies. It aims to develop the JAS through a participatory process, introduce them to adaptation practitioners, and strengthen advocacy capacity. The JAS will be tested by civil society networks in 5-7 countries to assess national adaptation policies and inform advocacy efforts. The goal is to finalize the JAS based on lessons learned and launch them at COP20 in Paris.
Findings Relevant to the GEF IW Learn ConfernceIwl Pcu
The document summarizes the findings of a 2004 study on the GEF International Waters Programme. Some key points:
- The study assessed impacts of projects on transboundary waters, approaches used, and lessons learned to improve operations.
- There were 95 full-sized projects totaling $691.59 million in GEF funding and $1.46 billion in co-financing, indicating a leverage ratio of 1:2.
- The study evaluated projects in regions like the Black Sea, La Plata River, African Great Lakes, and East Asian seas to identify lessons learned and make recommendations to strengthen the program.
Will Brooks, Kerr Tar Regional Council of Governmentsnado-web
This document summarizes a presentation about linking economic development and hazard mitigation planning. It discusses how the Kerr-Tar Regional Council in North Carolina coordinates these plans to improve community resilience. The council updated their hazard mitigation plan and developed recommendations to integrate resilience into other plans and projects. They are now working to establish a resilience council and provide resources to help communities with business continuity and incorporate resilience into other local plans. The goal is to support economic growth in safe, disaster-resilient areas and enable faster recovery through coordinated planning.
Presentation by Dr. Orville Grey, Head of Secretariat, NAP Global Network (IISD), at the Coalition Of Low-Lying Atoll Nations on Climate Change (CANCC) peer learning cohort workshop on “National Adaptation Planning With a Focus on Coastal Adaptation” in North Malé Atoll, Maldives, between May 1 - May 3, 2024.
The document discusses REGATTA, a regional initiative to support Latin American countries in developing National Adaptation Plans (NAPs). REGATTA facilitates knowledge sharing, funding access, and capacity building for NAP development through an online community of practice, workshops, learning exchanges, and technical assistance. Upcoming events include a webinar on monitoring and evaluation of adaptation processes. REGATTA has supported NAP development through regional training workshops, learning exchanges between countries, and helping countries access funding from the Green Climate Fund Readiness Program.
CCXG Global Forum October 2018 Breakout Group D by Katia SimeonovaOECD Environment
1. Technical reviews under international climate agreements provide an opportunity for mutual learning between the reviewing experts and the participating country. The reviews help identify areas for improvement in national greenhouse gas reporting and support capacity building over time.
2. Developing robust national greenhouse gas reporting systems through technical review processes facilitates countries' progress toward emissions reduction targets and ensures review recommendations are considered.
3. Technical assessments of countries' forest-related emissions reporting and REDD+ results have increased understanding of forest resources and transformed national forest monitoring capacity.
This document summarizes a study on strengthening integrated water resources management (IWRM) planning in African lake and river basin organizations (L/RBOs). The study identified several gaps in IWRM planning processes, including a lack of cooperation and strategic planning. It also found needs such as improving stakeholder participation and developing water resources data systems. The study proposed priority actions that ANBO could take over five years, such as fostering regional policy frameworks, building capacity, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation of IWRM implementation. It concluded with recommendations for ANBO to take a flexible, demand-driven approach and ensure coordination across initiatives supporting African L/RBOs.
The Local Plans Expert Group (LPEG) is reviewing ways to speed up and simplify the local plan process in England. Some of the key issues they identified include a lack of clarity around calculating housing need, lengthy and complex local plans and evidence bases, difficulties cooperating across boundaries, and challenges ensuring timely plan preparation and housing delivery. The LPEG is considering recommendations to address these issues through measures such as clearer guidance on assessing housing need, streamlining plan content, improving joint working on strategic issues, and enhancing plan implementation.
Pecha Kucha format presentation about innovative tools being developed by the GEF-UNEP Flood and Drought Management Tools project, by Raul Glotzbach in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Pecha Kucha format presentation about innovative solutions being deployed by the Caribbean Wastewater Project (Revolving Fund) GEF-IADB/UNEP, by Alfredo Coelloin the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Large Marine Ecosystems: Megaregional Best Practices for LME Assessment and M...Iwl Pcu
This document provides an overview of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) and efforts to implement ecosystem-based management (EBM) of LMEs. It notes that LMEs produce 80% of global fisheries catches and contribute $12.6 trillion annually to the global economy. The document outlines the five module assessment approach used for LMEs, including productivity, fish/fisheries, pollution, socioeconomics, and governance. It discusses how the Global Environment Facility has provided $6.01 billion since 1994 to support EBM planning and implementation projects in 22 LMEs. The LME approach is now the cornerstone of the GEF's ocean management strategy.
Slides used during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference, to explain how to understand and communicate with an audience better when presenting.
Presentation by Chris O'Brien, of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference. The presentations focuses on how to create effective powerpoint slides.
How to communicate science effectively (IWC8 Presentation)Iwl Pcu
Presentation by Professor Sevvandi Jajakody, of the Wayamba University(Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Presentation by Chris O'Brien, of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Presentation by Peter Whalley, International Nitrogen Management System GEF- UNEP project providing an introduction to the nitrogen roundtable at the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters conference
Presentation by Hugh Walton of the GEF-UNDP Pacific Fisheries project 4746 at the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
GEF Pillar 1.2 Promoting Transformational Change in Major Global Industries
Hugh Walton – Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
Background - The FFA region
GEF OFMP – 2001 – 2004 & 2005 – 2011
Evaluation in the context of transformational change
OFMP 2 – 2015 – 2019 – Setting the stage for institutional change
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 1Iwl Pcu
This document discusses the development of a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). It outlines the steps to develop the TDA, including defining system boundaries, collecting and analyzing data, identifying and prioritizing transboundary problems, determining the impacts of priority problems, analyzing causes of problems, and developing thematic reports. It also discusses that the TDA provides factual basis for the strategic planning component and should involve engagement with stakeholders throughout the process. Finally, it notes that the TDA development team should be representative of participating countries and stakeholders.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 10Iwl Pcu
This document provides information about governance analysis as part of the TDA/SAP process. It defines governance as the process of decision-making and implementation. Governance analysis examines the key aspects of political, economic, and civil society processes. It focuses on the dynamics of these relationships. There is no agreed approach, and the type of analysis will depend on the cultural, political, and social structures of the countries involved. The governance analysis should consider the decision-making, institutional, policy, and civil society arrangements that influence economic and political decisions affecting the issues being analyzed. The document provides advice to go beyond formal structures and understand informal dynamics and relationships.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 10Iwl Pcu
This document provides information about governance analysis as part of the TDA/SAP process. It defines governance as the process of decision-making and implementation. Governance analysis examines the key aspects of political, economic, and civil society processes. It focuses on the dynamics of these relationships. There is no agreed approach, and the type of analysis will depend on the cultural, political, and social structures of the countries involved. The governance analysis should consider decision-making processes, institutional structures, policy frameworks, economic arrangements, and civil society arrangements. Advice is given to use existing assessments, go beyond formal structures, attend coordination meetings, and interview long-time staff to understand informal dynamics.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 9Iwl Pcu
This document provides guidance on drafting a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). It discusses integrating various parts of the TDA, such as thematic reports, studies, and stakeholder analyses. It recommends that a TDA should be concise and easy to understand, with an executive summary, main text, supporting data/figures, maps, a content list, and acknowledgements. Technical reports can be annexed. The TDA size typically ranges from 80-150 pages. Preliminary recommendations for the Strategic Action Program can be included. The TDA should be reviewed by stakeholders and adopted by the steering committee, though government acceptance is also often required.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is used to determine impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental impacts or problems.
3) A process for determining impacts involves identifying them for each problem, and qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental impacts or problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 7Iwl Pcu
This document provides guidance on developing thematic reports for a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). Thematic reports are the main source of supporting information for the TDA and are drafted by national experts. The document outlines a two-step process for developing the reports: 1) key areas and national experts are identified based on prioritized transboundary problems, and 2) reports are drafted and reviewed by the TDA development team. Examples of thematic reports from previous TDAs are provided. Advice is given to allow sufficient time for reports, ensure appropriate expertise, and develop clear terms of reference.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 6Iwl Pcu
This document provides an overview of causal chain analysis (CCA) as part of the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) process. It defines CCA as examining the linear cause and effect relationships between the causes of a problem and its impacts. The key components of a causal chain are described as the immediate, underlying, and root causes. A stepwise process for developing causal chains is outlined, including identifying the chain components and further developing the chains with data. Examples of completed causal chains for different regions are also presented.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5
Caspian Environment Programme
1.
2.
3. TDA/NCAP/SAP Process
• CEP made the conscious and early decision in development of the
TDA, NAPs and SAP to stress equal importance to process and the
final products themselves.
• Country involvement, dialogue and commitment were set as
paramount goals.
• The final products were truly collaborative efforts, during two and a
half years the following meetings were held:
- Thirty thematic meetings (biodiversity, ICZM, fisheries, emergency
response, etc)
- Five major TDA workshops
- Fifteen NAP workshops/consultation meetings (three per country)
- Two major SAP workshops
4. TDA Barriers
• Fixed perceptions
• Information rich, data poor
• A wealth of anecdotal evidence – a hundred anecdotes are no better
than one
• Institutes with vested interests in promoting a bleak picture
• No national prioritization of the problems and little knowledge of
wider stakeholder concerns
5. NAPs vs SAP
What should be developed first, the National Action Plans or the Regional
Strategic Action Programme?
Developing NAPs first:
• Enables countries to prioritize national and regional (transboundary)
issues together.
• Countries are forced to enter into meaningful inter-sectoral dialogue
and address the key question of resource mobilization at an early
stage.
• Countries can commit to and endorse a NAP at the highest level and in
doing take the first step towards collective stewardship of the
environment.
• In reviewing each other’s NAPs countries are better able to prioritize
regional issues and thereby produce a more focused SAP.
6. NAP vs SAP
Developing the SAP first:
• Gives priority to regional problems over national problems, and lays
unfair and untenable claims to limited resources.
• With more than two or three countries Government endorsement of a
SAP is difficult, if not impossible. SAP documents are often adopted
at solely at the Ministry level and do not go through an inter-sectoral
consultation procedure.
• If not supported by NAPs there is no true commitment to the SAP and
retro-fitting seldom works.
7. National issues Regional issues
Regional issues National issues
Combining the NAP commitments to create a SAP
SAP
8. Tools for SAP prioritization
• The causal chain analysis is an excellent tool to show how an issue
should be addressed, step-by-step, bottom-up and to help determine
and shape required interventions.
• Environmental Quality Objectives helps to develop a broad
stakeholder agreement on the priority regional environment issues and
once agreed allows quantifiable targets to be set to meet those
objectives. From there it is a relatively step to define interventions. A
top-down approach.
• In drafting the Caspian SAP both tools were used, first CCA and then
EQOs, with a final analysis of interventions to ensure the common and
specific root causes had been addressed