The document proposes an "Integrating Approach" for structuring discussions on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It suggests focusing initially on targets rather than goals to better capture interlinkages between issues and sectors. By engaging stakeholders from the start on specific targets, it allows identification of synergies and trade-offs. This approach produces more coherent, streamlined discussions compared to traditional "silos" and could potentially reduce the number of targets. It also facilitates implementation by building stronger political support around agreed upon multi-dimensional targets. Moving forward, efforts should be made to identify inter-sectoral linkages and prioritize targets through a bottom-up process to better inform decision making.
This document discusses developing indicators to measure progress on adaptation. It provides an overview of key concepts including what indicators are, frameworks for developing them, and the selection process. The selection process involves developing criteria, identifying key issues, building a conceptual framework, drafting indicators, and reviewing them. An example from Canada outlines identifying adaptation needs, stakeholders, themes to describe the agricultural system, and developing a shortlist of 25 indicators. The document stresses that developing indicators is iterative and collaborative, and that the process is as important as the final product.
Dr. Paul V. Desanker discussed key points from a regional workshop on National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) for the Pacific Region. He emphasized that the NAP process is an ongoing, iterative effort to integrate adaptation actions, not just a single plan. Countries are at different stages of the NAP process. The NAP can help access funding from the Green Climate Fund and define a country's adaptation response. While interest is high in the GCF, many countries need help building capacity to engage with it. Regional cooperation has been effective in the Pacific and could help advance agreement on using regional approaches to adaptation. Lessons from the Pacific region's adaptation efforts should also inform other regions.
With more than two or three countries Government endorsement of a SAP is difficult, if not impossible. SAP documents are often adopted at solely at the Ministry level and do not go through an inter-sectoral consultation procedure.
Introduction to the Targeted Topics Forum | Anne HammillNAP Global Network
Presentation by Anne Hammill, IISD, introducing the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network at a Targeted Topics Forum on financing NAP processes. This event was held in Mexico City in June 2017.
Day 2.3 - SWA’s role in improving aid effectiveness in the WASH sectorsanitationandwater4all
This document discusses strengthening country processes to improve aid effectiveness in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It provides examples from Liberia and Niger of strengthening sector policies, coordination, financing, and monitoring. Lessons are drawn from the education and health sectors, such as using compacts to outline mutual accountability and linking partnerships to aid effectiveness principles. A funding cliff is predicted for 2015 as available financing declines sharply without sustained commitments. The role of the Sanitation and Water for All partnership in addressing these challenges is highlighted.
“Accountability and IHP+.” (English)
Presentations to the Second Stakeholders Meeting on Implementing the Recommendations of the Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health, Ottawa.
Session 3C: Country Reviews / Accountability Mechanisms (IHP+)
21-22 November 2011
Getting more from Public Services - Jon BLÖNDAL, OECD (English)OECD Governance
Spending reviews are critical re-assessments of existing public expenditures and the policies they are based on in order to improve efficiency, effectiveness and affordability. They have become a standard tool for fiscal consolidation and freeing up funds in many OECD countries after the global economic crisis. The document outlines the rationale for spending reviews, implementation challenges, and provides examples from countries like Canada, the Netherlands, and Ireland.
Targeted Topics Forum Introduction and Facilitation Notes | Blane HarveyNAP Global Network
Presentation by Blane Harvey, IISD, introducing the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network's Targeted Topics Forum in Lilongwe, Malawi, in February 2017. This presentation includes facilitation guidelines for the exercises undertaken on Day 1 of this forum.
This document discusses developing indicators to measure progress on adaptation. It provides an overview of key concepts including what indicators are, frameworks for developing them, and the selection process. The selection process involves developing criteria, identifying key issues, building a conceptual framework, drafting indicators, and reviewing them. An example from Canada outlines identifying adaptation needs, stakeholders, themes to describe the agricultural system, and developing a shortlist of 25 indicators. The document stresses that developing indicators is iterative and collaborative, and that the process is as important as the final product.
Dr. Paul V. Desanker discussed key points from a regional workshop on National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) for the Pacific Region. He emphasized that the NAP process is an ongoing, iterative effort to integrate adaptation actions, not just a single plan. Countries are at different stages of the NAP process. The NAP can help access funding from the Green Climate Fund and define a country's adaptation response. While interest is high in the GCF, many countries need help building capacity to engage with it. Regional cooperation has been effective in the Pacific and could help advance agreement on using regional approaches to adaptation. Lessons from the Pacific region's adaptation efforts should also inform other regions.
With more than two or three countries Government endorsement of a SAP is difficult, if not impossible. SAP documents are often adopted at solely at the Ministry level and do not go through an inter-sectoral consultation procedure.
Introduction to the Targeted Topics Forum | Anne HammillNAP Global Network
Presentation by Anne Hammill, IISD, introducing the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network at a Targeted Topics Forum on financing NAP processes. This event was held in Mexico City in June 2017.
Day 2.3 - SWA’s role in improving aid effectiveness in the WASH sectorsanitationandwater4all
This document discusses strengthening country processes to improve aid effectiveness in the WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) sector. It provides examples from Liberia and Niger of strengthening sector policies, coordination, financing, and monitoring. Lessons are drawn from the education and health sectors, such as using compacts to outline mutual accountability and linking partnerships to aid effectiveness principles. A funding cliff is predicted for 2015 as available financing declines sharply without sustained commitments. The role of the Sanitation and Water for All partnership in addressing these challenges is highlighted.
“Accountability and IHP+.” (English)
Presentations to the Second Stakeholders Meeting on Implementing the Recommendations of the Commission on Information and Accountability for Women's and Children's Health, Ottawa.
Session 3C: Country Reviews / Accountability Mechanisms (IHP+)
21-22 November 2011
Getting more from Public Services - Jon BLÖNDAL, OECD (English)OECD Governance
Spending reviews are critical re-assessments of existing public expenditures and the policies they are based on in order to improve efficiency, effectiveness and affordability. They have become a standard tool for fiscal consolidation and freeing up funds in many OECD countries after the global economic crisis. The document outlines the rationale for spending reviews, implementation challenges, and provides examples from countries like Canada, the Netherlands, and Ireland.
Targeted Topics Forum Introduction and Facilitation Notes | Blane HarveyNAP Global Network
Presentation by Blane Harvey, IISD, introducing the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Global Network's Targeted Topics Forum in Lilongwe, Malawi, in February 2017. This presentation includes facilitation guidelines for the exercises undertaken on Day 1 of this forum.
Developing robust INDCs: Experiences from developing countries and emerging l...NewClimate Institute
The document discusses various ways to assess the ambition level of countries' mitigation contributions or INDCs. It presents five approaches: comparison to business-as-usual emissions; comparison to effort sharing considerations; comparison to mitigation potential; comparison of decarbonization indicators; and comparison to good practice policy packages. The document provides examples of countries that have used some of these approaches and notes the varying levels of complexity involved. It concludes that all five options can provide useful information, though the appropriate approach depends on the type of target, and simpler analyses can be adjusted based on a country's capacity.
Focusing Lithuania's development cooperation v1Vaidotas Ilgius
The document discusses ways to improve Lithuania's development cooperation programs with NGOs. It recommends focusing on a limited number of priority objectives tailored to partner countries' needs, using common indicators to assess impact, and increasing grant sizes and project durations to allow for more strategic, higher-impact work. This would reduce aid fragmentation and increase the ability to monitor results.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 7 Appraising Adaptation OptionsUNDP Climate
This two-day workshop supported the Government of Viet Nam in building the necessary capacity to advance its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. The workshop closely focused on building National Adaptation Plans in the agricultural sector through multi-stakeholder collaboration, and increased knowledge and capacity on a number of topics including: prioritization of adaptation options, cost-benefit analysis, overview of the broad-based nature of climate change adaption impacts, analysis of challenges, and creation of an open discussion with key stakeholders on defining a road-map for the NAP process. The workshop was delivered using discussions and case studies to enhance interactive learning for participants, with supporting presentations by GiZ and SNV.
Findings Relevant to the GEF IW Learn ConfernceIwl Pcu
The document summarizes the findings of a 2004 study on the GEF International Waters Programme. Some key points:
- The study assessed impacts of projects on transboundary waters, approaches used, and lessons learned to improve operations.
- There were 95 full-sized projects totaling $691.59 million in GEF funding and $1.46 billion in co-financing, indicating a leverage ratio of 1:2.
- The study evaluated projects in regions like the Black Sea, La Plata River, African Great Lakes, and East Asian seas to identify lessons learned and make recommendations to strengthen the program.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 2 Conceptual Understanding of the NAP ProcessUNDP Climate
The document provides an overview of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It discusses key aspects of the NAP including that it is country-driven, flexible, integrated into development planning, improves climate risk management, and involves learning and evaluation. The NAP aims to reduce vulnerability and mainstream climate adaptation. Support for the NAP comes from the UNFCCC, development partners, and various funding sources. The document compares the NAP to other national adaptation and planning processes in Vietnam and discusses how the NAP can help link adaptation priorities to development needs while building on existing work and efforts.
Liane Schalatek, Associate Director, Heinrich Böll Foundation North America. Presented at the WRI seminar Implementing Equality: Delivering Gender-Equitable Climate Commitments. Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2018/11/implementing-equality-delivering-gender-equitable-climate
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 6 Monitoring and EvaluationUNDP Climate
This two-day workshop supported the Government of Viet Nam in building the necessary capacity to advance its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. The workshop closely focused on building National Adaptation Plans in the agricultural sector through multi-stakeholder collaboration, and increased knowledge and capacity on a number of topics including: prioritization of adaptation options, cost-benefit analysis, overview of the broad-based nature of climate change adaption impacts, analysis of challenges, and creation of an open discussion with key stakeholders on defining a road-map for the NAP process. The workshop was delivered using discussions and case studies to enhance interactive learning for participants, with supporting presentations by GiZ and SNV.
1) The document discusses ways to maximize the impact of peer reviews like the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). It identifies several areas that could be improved, such as incentivizing implementation, strengthening follow-up processes, and ensuring reviews remain relevant by focusing on priority areas.
2) Understanding the political economy of countries and identifying strategies to address barriers is important for successful implementation of recommendations. Incentives for different stakeholders must be considered.
3) Stronger linkages between the APRM and other African and international processes could increase its attractiveness and impact. Regular monitoring and evaluation also needs strengthening.
The document outlines the strategy for the Poverty Environment Initiative in the Asia Pacific region from 2013-2017. The expected outcome is improved capacity of governments and stakeholders to integrate environmental concerns of poor women and men into planning and decision making for poverty reduction. The strategy involves country mainstreaming programs, regional knowledge sharing, and advisory services. Key messages from workshops emphasize focusing on implementation, high impact issues, training champions, and engaging various stakeholders including government, private sector, and communities.
1. Collective impact is a structured approach to addressing complex social problems that involves multiple organizations and sectors working together toward a common agenda, shared measurement, and mutually reinforcing activities.
2. It has five key elements: a common agenda, shared measurement, mutually reinforcing activities, continuous communication, and a backbone organization.
3. Collective impact has been applied successfully to issues like education, health, economic development, and more. It requires shifts in mindsets from technical solutions to adaptive solutions and a focus on relationships in addition to evidence.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Planning...UNDP Climate
Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into planning and budgeting processes is supported by the UNDP. Mainstreaming involves integrally reflecting climate risks and adaptation options in decision-making at various policy levels and stages. The core elements of the mainstreaming process include integrating adaptation strategies into policies, costing priority adaptation actions, establishing institutional arrangements, integrating adaptation actions into planning and budgeting systems, and establishing monitoring and evaluation systems. Effective climate budgeting can help implement adaptation plans by translating policy into action through national and local budgets. Challenges to mainstreaming include limited understanding of climate impacts, lack of incentives, and weak institutional coordination.
The document discusses strategies for effectively allocating climate finance to implement national adaptation plans (NAPs). It recommends that climate change financing frameworks (CCFFs) can be used to integrate climate change into national planning and budgeting processes in order to plan funding for NAPs. CCFFs provide a robust framework for prioritizing adaptation actions based on factors like the scale of losses and damages addressed and the effectiveness of actions in reducing losses and damages. CCFFs also allow for developing financing scenarios, building capacity for climate budgeting and tracking climate expenditures, and facilitating monitoring, reporting and review of adaptation efforts.
Making blended finance work for water and sanitation green talks webinarOECD Environment
Water-related investments are key for sustainable development and inclusive growth. Blended finance can play a critical role in mobilising commercial finance and strengthening the financing systems on which water-related investments rely on. Water flows as a prerequisite through every one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially those on food security, healthy lives, energy, sustainable cities and marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
We need a water low-carbon resilient infrastructure. Delivering these environmental ambitions will require historic scaling of financing on water related investments. These requires using existing sources of finance more strategically.
On 9 Sept 2019, Kathleen Dominique of the Environment Directorate OECD and Wiebke Bartz-Zuccala of the Development Co-operation Directorate OECD, discussed ongoing OECD work on blended finance and what has worked in the past as well as the potential to scale up blended finance approaches to apply to a broader range of investment types and contexts.
Watch the video recording of the Green Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2cO5F5gg2g&t=50s
Find out more: http://www.oecd.org/environment/making-blended-finance-work-for-sdg-6-5efc8950-en.htm
Plenary Summary TRACK 1: TDA, SAP, and Participatory Process Best Practices ...Iwl Pcu
Objective: TDA/SAP process is a useful and effective tool for successful environmental intervention.
Some common elements and requirements are shared by all TDAs and SAPs; however, flexibility is essential to reflect regional conditions and differences.
TDA/SAP should reflect process of adaptive management and undergo routine updating.
Apresentacao wishclub first opening madrid oficial | Equipe Global Multinível Equipe Global
A União Europeia está preocupada com o impacto ambiental do plástico descartável e planeja proibir itens como talheres, pratos, copos e canudos plásticos até 2021. A proibição visa reduzir a poluição plástica nos oceanos e promover alternativas mais sustentáveis. Os países da UE terão até 2021 para implementar as novas diretrizes.
Developing robust INDCs: Experiences from developing countries and emerging l...NewClimate Institute
The document discusses various ways to assess the ambition level of countries' mitigation contributions or INDCs. It presents five approaches: comparison to business-as-usual emissions; comparison to effort sharing considerations; comparison to mitigation potential; comparison of decarbonization indicators; and comparison to good practice policy packages. The document provides examples of countries that have used some of these approaches and notes the varying levels of complexity involved. It concludes that all five options can provide useful information, though the appropriate approach depends on the type of target, and simpler analyses can be adjusted based on a country's capacity.
Focusing Lithuania's development cooperation v1Vaidotas Ilgius
The document discusses ways to improve Lithuania's development cooperation programs with NGOs. It recommends focusing on a limited number of priority objectives tailored to partner countries' needs, using common indicators to assess impact, and increasing grant sizes and project durations to allow for more strategic, higher-impact work. This would reduce aid fragmentation and increase the ability to monitor results.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 7 Appraising Adaptation OptionsUNDP Climate
This two-day workshop supported the Government of Viet Nam in building the necessary capacity to advance its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. The workshop closely focused on building National Adaptation Plans in the agricultural sector through multi-stakeholder collaboration, and increased knowledge and capacity on a number of topics including: prioritization of adaptation options, cost-benefit analysis, overview of the broad-based nature of climate change adaption impacts, analysis of challenges, and creation of an open discussion with key stakeholders on defining a road-map for the NAP process. The workshop was delivered using discussions and case studies to enhance interactive learning for participants, with supporting presentations by GiZ and SNV.
Findings Relevant to the GEF IW Learn ConfernceIwl Pcu
The document summarizes the findings of a 2004 study on the GEF International Waters Programme. Some key points:
- The study assessed impacts of projects on transboundary waters, approaches used, and lessons learned to improve operations.
- There were 95 full-sized projects totaling $691.59 million in GEF funding and $1.46 billion in co-financing, indicating a leverage ratio of 1:2.
- The study evaluated projects in regions like the Black Sea, La Plata River, African Great Lakes, and East Asian seas to identify lessons learned and make recommendations to strengthen the program.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 2 Conceptual Understanding of the NAP ProcessUNDP Climate
The document provides an overview of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It discusses key aspects of the NAP including that it is country-driven, flexible, integrated into development planning, improves climate risk management, and involves learning and evaluation. The NAP aims to reduce vulnerability and mainstream climate adaptation. Support for the NAP comes from the UNFCCC, development partners, and various funding sources. The document compares the NAP to other national adaptation and planning processes in Vietnam and discusses how the NAP can help link adaptation priorities to development needs while building on existing work and efforts.
Liane Schalatek, Associate Director, Heinrich Böll Foundation North America. Presented at the WRI seminar Implementing Equality: Delivering Gender-Equitable Climate Commitments. Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2018/11/implementing-equality-delivering-gender-equitable-climate
NAP Training Viet Nam - Session 6 Monitoring and EvaluationUNDP Climate
This two-day workshop supported the Government of Viet Nam in building the necessary capacity to advance its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. The workshop closely focused on building National Adaptation Plans in the agricultural sector through multi-stakeholder collaboration, and increased knowledge and capacity on a number of topics including: prioritization of adaptation options, cost-benefit analysis, overview of the broad-based nature of climate change adaption impacts, analysis of challenges, and creation of an open discussion with key stakeholders on defining a road-map for the NAP process. The workshop was delivered using discussions and case studies to enhance interactive learning for participants, with supporting presentations by GiZ and SNV.
1) The document discusses ways to maximize the impact of peer reviews like the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM). It identifies several areas that could be improved, such as incentivizing implementation, strengthening follow-up processes, and ensuring reviews remain relevant by focusing on priority areas.
2) Understanding the political economy of countries and identifying strategies to address barriers is important for successful implementation of recommendations. Incentives for different stakeholders must be considered.
3) Stronger linkages between the APRM and other African and international processes could increase its attractiveness and impact. Regular monitoring and evaluation also needs strengthening.
The document outlines the strategy for the Poverty Environment Initiative in the Asia Pacific region from 2013-2017. The expected outcome is improved capacity of governments and stakeholders to integrate environmental concerns of poor women and men into planning and decision making for poverty reduction. The strategy involves country mainstreaming programs, regional knowledge sharing, and advisory services. Key messages from workshops emphasize focusing on implementation, high impact issues, training champions, and engaging various stakeholders including government, private sector, and communities.
1. Collective impact is a structured approach to addressing complex social problems that involves multiple organizations and sectors working together toward a common agenda, shared measurement, and mutually reinforcing activities.
2. It has five key elements: a common agenda, shared measurement, mutually reinforcing activities, continuous communication, and a backbone organization.
3. Collective impact has been applied successfully to issues like education, health, economic development, and more. It requires shifts in mindsets from technical solutions to adaptive solutions and a focus on relationships in addition to evidence.
NAP Training Viet Nam - Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Planning...UNDP Climate
Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into planning and budgeting processes is supported by the UNDP. Mainstreaming involves integrally reflecting climate risks and adaptation options in decision-making at various policy levels and stages. The core elements of the mainstreaming process include integrating adaptation strategies into policies, costing priority adaptation actions, establishing institutional arrangements, integrating adaptation actions into planning and budgeting systems, and establishing monitoring and evaluation systems. Effective climate budgeting can help implement adaptation plans by translating policy into action through national and local budgets. Challenges to mainstreaming include limited understanding of climate impacts, lack of incentives, and weak institutional coordination.
The document discusses strategies for effectively allocating climate finance to implement national adaptation plans (NAPs). It recommends that climate change financing frameworks (CCFFs) can be used to integrate climate change into national planning and budgeting processes in order to plan funding for NAPs. CCFFs provide a robust framework for prioritizing adaptation actions based on factors like the scale of losses and damages addressed and the effectiveness of actions in reducing losses and damages. CCFFs also allow for developing financing scenarios, building capacity for climate budgeting and tracking climate expenditures, and facilitating monitoring, reporting and review of adaptation efforts.
Making blended finance work for water and sanitation green talks webinarOECD Environment
Water-related investments are key for sustainable development and inclusive growth. Blended finance can play a critical role in mobilising commercial finance and strengthening the financing systems on which water-related investments rely on. Water flows as a prerequisite through every one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially those on food security, healthy lives, energy, sustainable cities and marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
We need a water low-carbon resilient infrastructure. Delivering these environmental ambitions will require historic scaling of financing on water related investments. These requires using existing sources of finance more strategically.
On 9 Sept 2019, Kathleen Dominique of the Environment Directorate OECD and Wiebke Bartz-Zuccala of the Development Co-operation Directorate OECD, discussed ongoing OECD work on blended finance and what has worked in the past as well as the potential to scale up blended finance approaches to apply to a broader range of investment types and contexts.
Watch the video recording of the Green Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c2cO5F5gg2g&t=50s
Find out more: http://www.oecd.org/environment/making-blended-finance-work-for-sdg-6-5efc8950-en.htm
Plenary Summary TRACK 1: TDA, SAP, and Participatory Process Best Practices ...Iwl Pcu
Objective: TDA/SAP process is a useful and effective tool for successful environmental intervention.
Some common elements and requirements are shared by all TDAs and SAPs; however, flexibility is essential to reflect regional conditions and differences.
TDA/SAP should reflect process of adaptive management and undergo routine updating.
Apresentacao wishclub first opening madrid oficial | Equipe Global Multinível Equipe Global
A União Europeia está preocupada com o impacto ambiental do plástico descartável e planeja proibir itens como talheres, pratos, copos e canudos plásticos até 2021. A proibição visa reduzir a poluição plástica nos oceanos e promover alternativas mais sustentáveis. Os países da UE terão até 2021 para implementar as novas diretrizes.
This document summarizes a presentation on new approaches to measuring brand imagery. It discusses limitations of current rating scale approaches, such as flat responses across brands and statements. A new approach called brand-anchored max-diff is proposed to address these issues. The presentation outlines several variations of brand-anchored max-diff, including those using positive and negative direct binary responses. It then summarizes a case study comparing rating scales to max-diff approaches. The max-diff methods showed better inter-brand discrimination, predictive validity, and eliminated scale usage bias. Methods using negative direct binary response performed best. The document concludes by discussing using analytics to reduce the number of required max-diff tasks.
I made this PPT for my summative work. The summative is that we need to choose one historical artifact and describe the artifact. We also need to describe the values, ways to preserve, and the implication to the future.
The document provides an analysis of the music video for the song "Standing in the Dark" by the band Lawson. It summarizes the storyline of the music video, which follows a man who misses his ex-girlfriend after years of being broken up. He sees her with another man and tries to touch her, but it's too late as she has moved on. The document also analyzes the representation of characters in the music video, noting the masculine imagery used to appeal to Lawson's audience. Finally, it discusses the features of the setting, including the use of a city apartment and mirror as metaphors for the characters' separation and broken relationship.
This document provides an overview of the key conventions and elements of a music video. It discusses that a music video is used to illustrate an artist's vision for their song and promote their brand. Music videos employ various camera styles and techniques to portray the director's vision. Music is a main feature as it sets the atmosphere and influences how images are presented in time with the beat. Editing and sound are also important to match the footage and lip syncing to the music. Additional elements like mis en scene, imagery, clothing, makeup, props, and locations help set the mood and theme envisioned by the artist.
1) The roundtable discussion focused on cheating in online and hybrid courses.
2) Participants were asked to share their experiences with student cheating, including any successes or failures in preventing it.
3) The discussion covered different types of assessments that students may cheat on, such as exams, papers, discussions, and assignments, and ways that instructors can address cheating by focusing on mastery of content rather than just performance.
This certificate certifies that D.S. Paul successfully completed an introductory hydraulics training course and tests with an identity number of 6502225L2908B. The certificate was issued by the private training centre registered in terms of the In-Service Training Act of 1979 on April 11, 1991 and was signed by the Training Manager and Managing Director.
Características del municipio de cacota norte de santander.cacotaforestales
El documento habla sobre dos áreas estratégicas en Cacota conocidas como El Cornal, La Laguna y Sisca El Tirrayo. Estas áreas son muy frágiles y han sufrido deterioro y degradación debido a usos inadecuados de la tierra, por lo que se necesita recuperarlas para que puedan cumplir funciones ambientales primarias.
Gb2013 frank goodwin_ international zinc associationGalvabrasil
This document discusses shipbuilding and port infrastructure in Brazil. It notes that Brazil has 47 shipyards employing 59,000 workers, with 6.2 million DWT under order. The most important ports are listed. Details are provided on some of the largest shipyards and their areas of specialization. The document also discusses port facilities and investments in several ports. Case studies of galvanized structures in ports around the world are presented, showing corrosion protection of 20 years or more. It concludes that galvanized steel could be an important material for Brazilian ports but often a duplex coating system would be needed for the severe marine environments.
Este documento trata sobre la gestión de la reputación online. Explica que la reputación es una construcción social basada en las percepciones de otros sobre la credibilidad, fiabilidad y coherencia de una entidad. Aunque no se puede controlar completamente la reputación, se ofrecen algunas sugerencias como escuchar lo que se dice online, usar herramientas para medir la reputación e intervenir activamente para gestionarla.
El documento describe los objetivos, contenidos y orientaciones metodológicas para una unidad didáctica de matemáticas para alumnos de primer ciclo de primaria. El objetivo es identificar formas geométricas y sus propiedades para describir la realidad. Los contenidos incluyen reconocer formas básicas y construir figuras geométricas sencillas. Las orientaciones enfatizan el aprendizaje significativo basado en la manipulación de objetos y las concepciones previas de los estudiantes.
Este documento describe los componentes básicos de una computadora. Explica que una computadora está compuesta por hardware y software. Luego detalla los principales componentes físicos de una computadora, incluyendo la unidad central de proceso, buses, registros, memoria y periféricos. Finalmente, proporciona información sobre diseño y edición de documentos en computadoras.
Key findings, lessons learned and next steps for TrackFinTrackFin
The TrackFin initiative aims to develop a standardized methodology for tracking financing for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) at the national level. Pilot projects in Brazil, Ghana, and Morocco found that comprehensive WASH financing data could be collected using this process. The methodology needs refinement based on lessons learned. Next steps include expanding the number of participating countries, providing training and support, and coordinating TrackFin with other global monitoring tools to better understand financing needs for achieving sector goals.
This presentation covers the key elements of the Science-based Target Setting Manual, which was released as a draft for public comment in September 2015 by the Science Based Targets initiative. The manual is a resource for companies, and provides guidance on how to set a greenhouse gas reduction target that aligns with the global effort to limit warming to two degrees Celsius (a "science-based target").
You can view the webinar recording here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZAq87D0iic
Andes Resilientes | Vertical integration of MEL in adaptation policy & planningNAP Global Network
Vertical integration of monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) in adaptation policy and planning is important to connect top-down and bottom-up processes across global, national and local levels. MEL systems can help communicate adaptation progress and priorities between levels but current practices often overlook local contexts and actors. Effective vertical integration requires adapting MEL frameworks and indicators to local needs, strengthening linkages between levels through collaborative monitoring and evaluation, and ensuring evidence and learning are shared bidirectionally.
This document summarizes the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity's engagement with business. It outlines the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plans that countries agreed to implement by 2020. It also discusses the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources. The Secretariat is working to encourage business participation through its Global Platform for Business and Biodiversity, national workshops, and the Global Partnership for Business and Biodiversity. It is also planning business events at the upcoming COP 11 conference in Hyderabad, India in October 2012.
The document discusses options for making information exchanges under the UNFCCC's Mitigation Work Programme more impactful in urgently scaling up climate change mitigation. It suggests sharing details on successful policies that have driven rapid emissions reductions, like Canada's methane flaring policies or Norway's electric vehicle uptake. Linking these policy discussions to investment events and tools could help match mitigation projects with financing and inspire similar actions in other contexts. The goal is to reduce the time lag for implementing ambitious climate policies by learning from others' experiences under the Work Programme.
The OECD developed a composite indicator to identify green budgeting practices across 14 OECD countries. The indicator assessed countries based on 4 building blocks: strategic framework, tools and methods, accountability and transparency, and enabling environment. Most countries have some practices in place, like strategic plans, environmental impact assessments, and training programs. The OECD will refine the indicator based on country feedback and update it annually to track the evolution of green budgeting over time. The indicator aims to help countries learn from each other's approaches and advance green budgeting.
This document provides an introduction to strategic environmental assessment (SEA), including its purpose, principles, process, and emerging directions. SEA involves systematically analyzing the environmental impacts of policies, plans, and programs to support sustainable development decisions. It differs from environmental impact assessment (EIA) in applying earlier in the decision-making process and covering a broader scope. Key principles of good SEA practice include being integrated, adaptive, sustainability-oriented, and participatory. The main steps of SEA involve screening, scoping, detailed assessment, and follow-up such as monitoring. Challenges to effective SEA include acceptance, assessing cumulative impacts, integration across sectors, and public participation.
"Social investment", data analysis & targeting public expenditures - Andrew B...OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Andrew BLAZEY, New Zealand at the 13th Annual Meeting of OECD-Asian Senior Budget Officials held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 14-15 December 2017
The document discusses design options for the global dialogues under the Mitigation Work Programme established at COP26. It considers what a "focused exchange of views" could mean and criteria for selecting yearly topics, such as sectors with high mitigation potential. Options for the focus of dialogues include broad, non-focused assessments or focusing on specific sub-sectors to facilitate practical solutions. Parallel small group discussions or written questions in advance could help formats that enable active participation while exchanging views. The conclusions note a range of design options and trade-offs to balance focus, participation, and information exchange.
What makes indicators successful? Lessons from practitionersnefwellbeing
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy
Brainpool what makes-indicators-successfulWPEurope
This document summarizes the key success factors for "Beyond GDP" indicators being used effectively in policymaking. It identifies four main categories of success factors: indicator factors, relationship factors, user factors, and policy/context factors. For each category, it outlines several specific factors based on research from the BRAINPOoL project, including the importance of indicator salience, legitimacy, credibility; engaging stakeholders; building user capacity; and supportive policy environments. The full report provides additional details on 16 indicator initiatives and is available online.
This document provides an overview of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process, which aims to integrate climate change adaptation into development planning at the national, sectoral, and local levels. Over 90 countries have initiated NAP processes to assess climate risks, identify adaptation priorities, and enhance coordination on adaptation actions. The NAP process is intended to be strategic, coordinated, iterative, country-driven, and participatory to effectively reduce vulnerability to climate impacts over the medium and long term.
This document discusses metrics for measuring the success and effectiveness of adaptation efforts at different levels, from local to national to global. It notes that while measuring adaptation is important for accountability and learning, there is no universally accepted metric. Frameworks have used indicators of processes, outcomes, and vulnerability/resilience but these may not translate across scales. The document explores how countries are developing their own metrics and indicators in adaptation strategies and calls for balancing policy and practice through narrative explanations to justify measures. It also discusses ensuring coherence between adaptation measurement and SDG indicators for sustainable development. Key challenges raised include quantifying non-economic impacts of adaptation and uncertainty around long-term climate trends and impacts.
This document discusses metrics for measuring the success and effectiveness of adaptation efforts at different levels, from local to national to global. It notes that while measuring adaptation is important for accountability, learning, and targeting funds, there is no universally accepted metric. Frameworks have used indicators of processes, outcomes, and vulnerability, but these may not translate across scales. The document explores how countries are developing their own frameworks and indicators, with local measures needing contextualization. Ensuring coherence across scales and linking to SDGs requires balancing concepts and practices, using both process and results indicators over long time horizons, and strengthening statistical capacities. Key challenges include fully capturing costs and benefits, uncertainties of climate impacts, and developing more outcome-oriented indicators of long-
Project Sustainability workshop session; Anna Lindh FoundationKarl Donert
A workshop on Project Sustainability. An analysis and key questions to consider for project sustainability and management. Some theoretical and practical aspects.
The document discusses mainstreaming adaptation to climate change into development planning. Mainstreaming means systematically identifying climate risks and opportunities and modifying policies, strategies, and plans wherever necessary to address vulnerabilities across sectors in the long term. It involves taking a development-first approach where climate change is considered an integral part of development planning. The key steps for mainstreaming adaptation are to identify development goals and how they could be affected by climate change, identify which policies and plans need modification to reduce vulnerabilities, identify relevant adaptation options, engage actors responsible for implementation, and identify required resources and capacities as well as barriers. Mainstreaming helps make national investments work for climate change and can improve access to international climate funds.
CCXG Oct 2019 LT-LEDS - Process, elements and current experience - Marcia RochaOECD Environment
This document discusses key elements in developing long-term low emissions development strategies (LT-LEDS). LT-LEDS aim to ensure transformational change in key sectors, attract international support, bring stakeholders together, and align policies for a low-emissions future. Developing an LT-LEDS involves setting up governance, stakeholder engagement, visioning, target-setting, financial strategies, and implementation planning. Existing LT-LEDS mostly focus on climate mitigation and sector coverage but have weak links to development goals. Strengthening links between LT-LEDS and climate commitments over time could help maximize synergies across societal goals.
In many countries inequality is growing as the benefits of economic growth go to the richest members of society. Inclusive Growth is all about changing the rules so that more people can contribute to and benefit from economic growth. For more information see www.oecd.org/gov/inclusive-growth-and-public-governance.htm
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
2. Why a new approach is called for
• A key challenge for irreversible poverty
eradication & for delivering well-being for 9
billion in the context of sustainable development
= break away from silos
• Maximize potential synergies and minimize
potential trade/offs
• Need to take informed decisions
• Broaden partnerships for on-the-ground delivery
3. Value added of the SDGs
• Interlinkages between sectors & issues, between
the 3 dimensions
= need to be made explicit and understandable
• Facilitate interaction and dialogue between
different line ministries & sectoral agencies,
between key actors - including government, civil
society and private sector
• Outputs from such a process would likely be more
focused on addressing concrete needs at
national level and on implementation
4. What the proposal is about
• Focus initially on targets not goals
• Adopt mainly a bottom up rather
than a top down approach
• Engage substantively on issues from
the very start
REALITY NOT RHETORIC
5. The Logical Framework
Term
Common understanding of what
it is
Example from MDGs
Goal
Expresses an ambitious, but
specific, commitment. Always
starts with a verb/action.
Reduce child mortality
Target
Quantified sub-components that
will contribute in a major way to
achievement of goal. Should be
an outcome variable
Reduce by two-thirds,
between
1990 and 2015, the underfive mortality rate
Indicator
Precise metric from identified
databases to assess if target
is being met (often multiple
indicators are used).
Under-5 mortality rate
Infant mortality rate
Proportion of 1-year olds
immunised against measles
9. Increase agricultural productivity by x%,
with a focus on sustainably increasing
smallholder yields and access to irrigation.
Reduce by x% stunting, wasting by
y% and anemia by z% for Interlinkages: employment, water, food
all
children under 5. security
Interlinkages: health andBring freshwater withdrawals in line
with supply and increase water
food security
efficiency in agriculture by x%, industry
by y% and urban areas by z%.
Interlinkages: Water and food security
10.
11.
12. An exercise with this approach
Remember the earlier slide that
showed the results of a group exercise
following a traditional approach?
Well, here is the result from an
exercise by one of the groups using
the Integrating Approach
The process was simple and enabled
participants to efficiently identify
many areas of consensus.
14. Benefits of this approach
• Inter-linkages between issue areas (eg. gender, equity or
resilience) and between sectors better captured
• Greater balance in addressing the 3 dimensions of SD
• Number of targets could potentially be reduced
• No need to discuss what is “stand-alone” / “crosscutting”
• Stronger political support can be built around the targets
• Entry point for inputs from other constituencies/
stakeholders
• IMPLEMENTATION
15. Moving forward
• Start off discussions on the targets, not the
goals
• Make efforts to identify multi-dimensional
or inter-sectoral linkages
• Agreed targets would be grouped into
goals
• Some targets would be shared across
goals
16. Reality check
• Prioritization will ultimately be a political decisionmaking process
• Through a bottom up process it will be better
informed and more substantive
• The process will never be simple, but it can be more
streamlined and coherent
• Efforts will need to be made to limit the number of
goals agreed to
For the SDGs to be relevant and taken up,
we need to get the metrics right
17. A complementary proposal
Two considerations should to inform the definition of the SDGS within a
universal agenda:
1.
2.
•
•
Agreement on a limited number of Goals
A modality for differentiation
Global challenges need to be addressed at the global level
But regional, national, and local specificities must be taken into
account
The DASHBOARD PROPOSAL calls for agreement on
• global goals that focus on global development priorities
• targets and indicators tailored to national priorities and
circumstances
18. The Dashboard Concept
Global Goals:
• Agreement on a few salient global priorities
Each Goal would have a core set of targets & indicators
agreed at international level
• Each country would determine the speed and level for each
target
• Each country would determine which targets & indicators are
relevant according to their national circumstances
In addition to this,
• Countries can define additional targets and/or indicators
• This would not be taken up at international level – in the MDG
process many countries defined additional national MDGs that
served a domestic agenda but were not reflected internationally
19. The Dashboard Proposal: An Example
Food Security &
Nutrition
Reduce postharvest loss and food waste
by x%
FS-Target B
Reduce harvest waste by x% by [year]
Reduce handling & storage waste by x%
by [year]
Reduce consumption waste by x% by
[year]
Each country
determines its:
• Baseline
• Milestones
• Speed
Each country determines
which indicators are relevant
and adjusts them to national
circumstances (e.g. type of
crop, locality, modalities)
20. The Benefits of the Dashboard Approach
Issues common to many countries would be reflected in the same targets
and indicators = good basis for cooperation, capacity building, exchange
of experiences, and overall support from all sources
Regional and global comparability and aggregation would be possible
Greater overall coherence within the new framework at all levels
A “race to the bottom” is unlikely because when metrics work and are
perceived to be useful, countries and organizations use them.....
…..GDP and MDGs are both voluntary!
If we get the new metrics right, this will spur a race to the top – by all
stakeholders, not only by governments
Over the coming decades, our economies and societies will need to better understand the choices between diverse investment and public policy options.Identification of co-benefits and win-win alternatives often demands information that cuts across sectors or issue areas.In addition, informed decisions are needed to better manage difficult trade-offs; for example, in terms ofAllocation of scarce resourcesLand use Strategies to increase resilienceThe full cost of unsustainable or sub-optimal resource use is often poorly understood because effects may take a long time to manifest or appear in a different sector or region.
Akeybarrier to sustainabledevelopmentis the factthateconomies, societies and governments are structuedaround silos. A decisivecontribution of the SDGsshould be thattheyrender visible and evident the deeplinkagesbetweensectors as well as withissuessuch as equityorresilience.Implementation of key targets shouldencourage and enabledifferentministries and stakeholders to worktogether.Theseshouldalsoprovide concrete entrypointsforcollaboration and investmentsbyotherstakeholders, such as, forexample, the private sector.There are callsforanaction-oriented agenda. Thisispreciselywhat the SDGs can deliver, butonlyifthey are correctlydesigned.
The development agenda iscomplex. Weneed to agreeon a processfordefiningitthatenablescomplexity to be simplifiedWealsoneed a processthatencourgages substantive dialogue.The final decisionswill be political, but the processitselfshouldnot be whollypoliticized.Byfocusingon targets and notongoals, the processwill be more TRANSPARENT and substantiveThisis fundamental ifwe are to designan agenda that drives action and focuseson IMPLEMENTATION.
Agoalframeworkisessentiallystructuredaroundwhatisknown as a “logicalframework” – or “log frame”There are differentdefinitions of the components of a log frame, so wehavetakenthistablefrom the HLP reportWhatisimportantisthatwhenwe use termslike “target” or “indicator” we are alltalkingabout the samething, and allunderstandthattheseelementsrefer to differentlevels.At itssimplest, one can read a log framefrom the bottom to the top:Ifonedeliverson a set of indicatorsassociated to a target, thenthat target ismet. Similarly, if a set of targets associatedwith a goal are met, thenthatgoalisachieved. The selection of set of targets defines the scopeorthrust of a givengoal.
Under a business-as-usual approach, we would start off by discussing the potential goals. (These are represented by the big dark grey blocks at the top) FIRST CLICKOne can foresee endless discussions about which goals are more important.The discussions, however, would be largely rhetorical as a goal on “water” could mean very different things depending on what targets are selected. It could, for example, focus only on sanitation. Or it could focus on sanitation and sectoral water use efficiency….Or it could focus on…..A focus on goals from the outset would also lead to difficult discussions about what thematic areas should become stand-alone goals and which should (also)be cross-cutting. This discussion would also be largely rhetorical given that it would be unclear at that stage the scope would be of any given goal. SECOND CLICK (targets are represented by the smaller grey blocks)Once there was agreement on priority goals – most likely a very large number of goals, the discussion would need to be taken up again to define the targets under each goal. (In the Rio+20 process we went from 17 pages to 273 pages and finally managed to negotiate down to 53 pages. The same could happen with the SDGs, except that instead of pages we would have goals!)Unfortunately, under such a process, the definition of targets would largely take place within specific sectoral silos, with narrower sectoral perspectives, without an effort to specifically identify and incorporate inter-sectoral and multi-dimensional linkagesSuch a process makes it difficult for other constituencies, such as private sector or national experts, to provide (timely) recommendations.Also, and this is critical, such a process for defining targets would probably be divorced from on-the-ground priorities and very specific national needs. The outcome would be largely negotiated with more limited substantive inputs, and would probably make it more difficult to agree to targets that make sense – and are EASY TO IMPLEMENT - at national and sub-national levels.THIRD CLICKPart of the process would be the many pre-defined goals and associated targets that different constituencies, interest groups and delegations will bring to the table. We could end up with dozens or even hundreds of SDGs…..
Recently, smallgroups of 8 (governmentdelegates, independentexperts and agencyrepresentatives) wereasked to undertakeanexercise to define targets for a givengoal, whilemakingspecificefforts to identify inter-linkagesbetweensectors and dimensions, as well as cross-cuttingissues.Itwas the usual, top-downapproachThese are examples of the resultsafteralmostonehour of discussions….. Discussionswherenothingwasbeingnegotiated, so therewere no controversies.Can you imagine undertakingsuchanexercisewith 194 delegates in a plenarysetting?!
These are the iconsthatwill be used in the followingslides to explain the “IntegratingApproach”Theseicons are purelyillustrative and do notattempt to pre-judgewhat the final set of SDGscould be
INITIAL SLIDEThe proposal calls for starting from a bottom-up analysis of concrete and specific issues that could be structured into specific targets. Targets would only be grouped into goals in a subsequent step. The key sectors that would likely inform the SDGs have been repeatedly identified and would probably include health, water, food security, health, etc. Therefore the targets would largely come from these sectors or thematic areas. Such a process would also allow for governments or different constituencies to also make recommendations on possible targets.Given that the discussion would be based on concrete issues, the end product will likely be easier to translate into policies and actions at the national levelWhat is agreed in NY needs to make sense to our ministries, local authorities, entrepreneurs, and stakeholdersCLICK to FIRST ANIMATIONSpecial efforts need to be made to identify and incorporate inter-linkages and multi-dimensional aspectsIn most interventions in the OWG there have been calls for a new agenda that focuses on the inter-linkages, but it is not easy to deliver on this through a business-as-usual approach as we saw from the illustrations from the group exercise.NEXT 3 CLICKS WILL SHOW 3 CALLOUTS, EACH WITH A SPECIFIC TARGET3 targets have been taken from the HLP report to illustrate the richness of this approachFIRST CALLOUT – (on reduction of stunting, wasting and anemia in children under 5)This target, for example, would normally be listed under a “food security goal”. However, it is profoundly relevant as a health issue. And if one looks at it more deeply, it is critical for delivering on inter-generational equity as well as for future economic growth. Under a business-as-usual approach, these interlinkages would not be captured.SECOND CALLOUT( – on agricultural productivity)This target, would normally also be placed under “food security”. However, it is inherently linked to water allocation issues. And from a broader perspective it is key to delivering on greater equity between rural and urban settings, and for generating employment.At this point, it is important to note that such an “integrating approach” enables one to readily identify targets that help to deliver on issues that are often cited as “must-have” goals but that are very vague. The two targets we have just seen, for example, could be grouped with other relevant targets to define a goal on “equity” – a goal that would have therefore have a clear scope.Through similar rigorous and substantive exercises, same could be accomplished for other issues that are often considered both cross-cutting but that should also be “stand-alone”, such as “resilience” or “urban settlements” or “equity” or even “gender”. These could be both stand-alone AND cross-cutting.THIRD CALLOUT – on sectoral water use efficiencyThis target is clearly linked to both water and food security. But clearly it also has bearing on health and economic growth, to name just two additional inter-linkages
(NOTE – This is a continuation of the previous slide)Clearly then, many issues such as water, energy, education and gender, health and sanitation, are intimately inter-relatedSome issues, such as gender or resilience, can be only achieved contextually, and targets that deliver on these issues also do so for other sectorsSome issues such as water, are so central to development that of necessity they should be mainstreamed across various sectorsWe need to identify “hinge issues” = fundamental development issues at could catalyze deep structural changesBy focusing initially on the targets, and not the goals, we are freed to really analyse and understand the deep inter-linkages that underpin each target.We are better able to identify targets that help to deliver on concepts that cannot be so easily captured, such as “inter-generational equity”Obviously, some targets will be relevant only to one sector or issue. Yet through such a bottom-up exercise these targets will also be better understood and formulated.CRITICALLY, such an approach provides an entry point for national representatives or experts or specific constituencies to recommend targets that they – based on their expertise and experience – think could drive the kind of catalytic, structural changes that we are all calling for when we talk about a “transformative agenda”. Surely such an agenda cannot be just business-as-usual…..In Colombia, we are undertaking a very illustrative exercise, based on this approach.All government ministries and specialized agencies were presented with the “integrating approach”All readily understood its value and appreciated its simplicity and transparency.EACH MINISTRY AND AGENCY IS NOW WORKING ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF 3-5 KEY TARGETS THAT THEY BELIEVE COULD DRIVE THE TYPE OF DEEP TRANSFORMATION THAT IS NEEDEDMinistries and agencies are encouraged to work together, to identify cross-cutting and inter-linked targetsThere is considerable enthusiasm for this undertakingMinistry representatives welcome an opportunity to provide substantive inputs to the process FOLLWING A METHODOLOGY THAT IS SIMPLE, STRAIGHTFORWARD AND TRANSPARENT.Colombia will not present the results of this exercise as a “wish list of SDG targets/goals” at the international level. However, if as a result of the exercise robust targets are identified, these could be shared as illustrative models
(NOTE: there are 2 basic animations to this slide. The first 11 clicks move the target icons so that they are lined up under each goal.Then the next 9 clicks demonstrate how targets could be shared across goals)FIRST SET OF CLICKS (“targets” are lined up under the 4 GOALS)So how would the exercise work? We would select groups of targets that are relevant for delivering on a specific sector (such as “water” or “food security”) or an issue (such as “gender” or “equity”)We have here a hypothetical goal on water. Please note that the targets under this goal are not all colored blue nor do they all have a water-drop. This reflects the fact that many of the targets under water would be cross-cutting, and relate to other sectors and issues.SECOND SET OF CLICKS (TARGETS ARE SHARED ACROSS GOALS)Critically, some targets would be shared across SDGsNow, here we have a very simple and schematic demonstration of how this could work. (This animation only seeks to provide visualization.) The key point is that if we don’t define targets from a rigid sector-perspective, we will be better able to appreciate the relevance of a given target to different issues/sectors and therefore will be able to capture and reflect interlinkages in a simple and straightforward manner.
One of the groupsthatparticipated in the exerciseshown in a previousslide, carriedoutanexerciseusing the IntegratingApproachAlthoughtheydidnothave time to finish the exercise, the processforidentifying the targets was simple and straightforward, and tookunder 10 minutes. Basic issuesassociatedwith a given sector werereadilyidentifiedbyparticipantsgiventhat the sameissueswererepeatedlyidentifiedby the participants. The keylinkageswithothersectorsweretheninitiallyidentified.Take home messages:Targets for the maindevelopmentissues are broadlyalreadyidentified and thereis a lot of consensusamongstakeholdersregardingwhatthese areWherethere are “new” issues, these can be readilyexplained to others, whothensubstantivelyparticipate in betterunderstanding the scope of the proposed target and the inter-linkages. The conversationisconstructive, and itiseasy to collectively (re)formulate a target ifneeded.Simplicityenables the complexities to be renderedunderstandable. People do notgetlost in the maze of potentiallinkages and trade-offs. Nor do theygetconfused as to whatcould be targets and whatcould be indicatorsorelements of anenabllingenvironment/drivers.
(Thisslideisself-explanatory)
So, theproposalcallsfor a simple process. initially, the discussionsfocuson targets, notgoals. Thatis, the discussionsfocusonspecificissuesthat can be reflected in targets.In the process, efforts are made to specificallyidentify targets that are capture inter-sectoral and multi-dimensional aspects. Targets then are groupedintogoals. Giventhatthereis a clearerunderstanding of the co-benefitsormultiplebenefits a specific target can deliver, itshould be simpler to identify targets that are relevant to deliveringon more thanonegoal.
Theproposedprocessisnoteasyor simple. But the business-as-usual approachisalsonoteasy and itisfar more difficult.A bottom up processenables more substantive discussions and a more transparentprocess to take placeItalsoprovidesentrypointsforstakeholders to participate in the processbyrecommending targets thattheythinkwouldaddresspriorityissues. The final decisionswill be politicaldecisionstakenbyMemberStates. Butthesedecisionswill be basedon a soundunderstanding of the issues.
Theproposedprocessisnoteasyor simple. But the business-as-usual approachisalsonoteasy and itisfar more difficult.A bottom up processenables more substantive discussions and a more transparentprocess to take placeItalsoprovidesentrypointsforstakeholders to participate in the processbyrecommending targets thattheythinkwouldaddresspriorityissues. The final decisionswill be politicaldecisionstakenbyMemberStates. Butthesedecisionswill be basedon a soundunderstanding of the issues.
Oneconcernthatremainsis the need to agree to a limitednumber of goals. However, weallrecognizethatthiswillnot be easy. Byenabling more informeddiscussions, the IntegratingApproach can help to achievethis. In addition to this, the proposed “Dashboard” concept wouldalsohelp.This concept simplycallsforagreeing, at internationallevel, to a core set of goalswithassociated targets and indicatorsThereisrecognition of the need to providefordifferentiationamongcountriesgivendifferentdevelopmenttrajectories. Therefore at a global level, wewouldallagree to a core set of global aspirationalgoalsThen….each country would be able to determine, withinthatcore set, which targets are relevantforeach country basedonpriorities, circumstances, etc. Foreach target, each country would determine the indicatorsthat are relevant, and the speed and level of achievement. Additional targets which are notprioritized at internationallevel, couldstill be appliedthem at nationaloreven regional level.