The document discusses primary education financing in India, focusing on the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) program. It proposes adopting aspects of Poland's education financing model and increasing the role of municipalities and gram panchayats in allocation and utilization monitoring. Key points include:
1) SSA allocations have been consistently underutilized despite increasing budgets, with unspent funds rising to over Rs. 14,000 crore.
2) Involving local governments could help better target spending and ensure complete utilization through micro-level monitoring, potentially improving education quality.
3) Installing solar panels using unspent SSA money could help schools meet power needs independently and reduce costs.
Education Sector / Industry In India with recent developments and government initiatives. The road ahead to higher education in coming years in India progressively running to serve with over 250 million school going students than any other country.
---
An Analysis Of the Union Budget from 2010- 2015 Education SectorSneha J Chouhan
This presentation explains about the Highlights of the Indian Union Budget for 5 years in the education sector and its impact.
P.S: Refer for educational purposes only.
Education Sector / Industry In India with recent developments and government initiatives. The road ahead to higher education in coming years in India progressively running to serve with over 250 million school going students than any other country.
---
An Analysis Of the Union Budget from 2010- 2015 Education SectorSneha J Chouhan
This presentation explains about the Highlights of the Indian Union Budget for 5 years in the education sector and its impact.
P.S: Refer for educational purposes only.
Research work for scenario of voccational training in india educompalpana96
I did an Intensive research on Vocational education market in idia An approach note on the understanding of the vocational education market, competition, gaps, and opportunities.
- One Big idea which is transformational and is disruptive.
- A lot of our work will be below the line, so a note on abilities in that area will help.
- Media strategy- so a note/pitch on the media buying partner will be required. You can also bring them in for the pitch.
Education for All in India: Financing India's Elementary EducationJonathon Flegg
India's Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (Education for All) Scheme is the biggest education financing programme of its kind in the world. This presentation addresses the major problems currently facing the financing of the system's, and proposes a new "grand bargain" to make the system work better for all Indians.
Public Private Partnership in Teacher Education: Its Prospect and Strategiesiosrjce
India has one of the largest systems of teacher education in the world. Besides the University
departments of education and their affiliated colleges there are a number of govt. and govt. aided institutions and
self financing colleges and open universities who are engaged in teacher education. Though most teacher
education programmes are nearly identical their standard vary. Uncontrolled growth of the number of
self-financing teacher training institutions in the recent years has led to the unevenness in the quality of teacher
training institutions. The implementation of RTE Act creates an enormous need for teacher education of 12.84
lakh teachers for providing quality education to all children in the country irrespective of
gender,caste,creed,religion and geographies. This study is formulated to identify the role of public private
partnership in teacher education to meet the crisis of trained teachers and to reform the teacher education
programme ensuring quality
To the economist, one of the most natural approaches is to study the productivity of education, since prudent investment is governed by the relative productivity of the funds which is in turn determined by the marginal rate of return compared with the best alternative use of the same funds. With considerable pressure now being exerted upon governments for increase in their allocations to education. It is quite understandable that economists, who have always followed the outlays of government with great interest, recently have turned considerable attention to the study of education’s productivity.
Three approaches to this study, none of which is totally independent of the others.
1. Educational Productivity
2. Residual Factors in Educational Productivity
3. Educational Planning and Manpower
The education sector in India is poised to witness major growth in the years to come as India will have world’s largest tertiary-age population and second largest graduate talent pipeline globally by the end of 2020. Currently, higher education contributes 59.7 percent of the market size, school education 38.1 percent, pre-school segment 1.6 percent, and technology and multi-media the remaining 0.6 percent. India’s IT firms are working with academic institutions and setting up in-house institutes to groom the right talent as these companies move to Social Media, Mobility, Analytics and Cloud technologies.
The total amount of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) inflow into the education sector in India stood close to US$ 1,300 million from April 2000 to March 2016, according to data released by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP).
The education sector has seen a host of reforms and improved financial outlays in recent years that could possibly transform the country into a knowledge haven. With human resource increasingly gaining significance in the overall development of the country, development of education infrastructure is expected to remain the key focus in the current decade. In this scenario, infrastructure investment in the education sector is likely to see a considerable increase in the current decade
Research work for scenario of voccational training in india educompalpana96
I did an Intensive research on Vocational education market in idia An approach note on the understanding of the vocational education market, competition, gaps, and opportunities.
- One Big idea which is transformational and is disruptive.
- A lot of our work will be below the line, so a note on abilities in that area will help.
- Media strategy- so a note/pitch on the media buying partner will be required. You can also bring them in for the pitch.
Education for All in India: Financing India's Elementary EducationJonathon Flegg
India's Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (Education for All) Scheme is the biggest education financing programme of its kind in the world. This presentation addresses the major problems currently facing the financing of the system's, and proposes a new "grand bargain" to make the system work better for all Indians.
Public Private Partnership in Teacher Education: Its Prospect and Strategiesiosrjce
India has one of the largest systems of teacher education in the world. Besides the University
departments of education and their affiliated colleges there are a number of govt. and govt. aided institutions and
self financing colleges and open universities who are engaged in teacher education. Though most teacher
education programmes are nearly identical their standard vary. Uncontrolled growth of the number of
self-financing teacher training institutions in the recent years has led to the unevenness in the quality of teacher
training institutions. The implementation of RTE Act creates an enormous need for teacher education of 12.84
lakh teachers for providing quality education to all children in the country irrespective of
gender,caste,creed,religion and geographies. This study is formulated to identify the role of public private
partnership in teacher education to meet the crisis of trained teachers and to reform the teacher education
programme ensuring quality
To the economist, one of the most natural approaches is to study the productivity of education, since prudent investment is governed by the relative productivity of the funds which is in turn determined by the marginal rate of return compared with the best alternative use of the same funds. With considerable pressure now being exerted upon governments for increase in their allocations to education. It is quite understandable that economists, who have always followed the outlays of government with great interest, recently have turned considerable attention to the study of education’s productivity.
Three approaches to this study, none of which is totally independent of the others.
1. Educational Productivity
2. Residual Factors in Educational Productivity
3. Educational Planning and Manpower
The education sector in India is poised to witness major growth in the years to come as India will have world’s largest tertiary-age population and second largest graduate talent pipeline globally by the end of 2020. Currently, higher education contributes 59.7 percent of the market size, school education 38.1 percent, pre-school segment 1.6 percent, and technology and multi-media the remaining 0.6 percent. India’s IT firms are working with academic institutions and setting up in-house institutes to groom the right talent as these companies move to Social Media, Mobility, Analytics and Cloud technologies.
The total amount of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) inflow into the education sector in India stood close to US$ 1,300 million from April 2000 to March 2016, according to data released by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP).
The education sector has seen a host of reforms and improved financial outlays in recent years that could possibly transform the country into a knowledge haven. With human resource increasingly gaining significance in the overall development of the country, development of education infrastructure is expected to remain the key focus in the current decade. In this scenario, infrastructure investment in the education sector is likely to see a considerable increase in the current decade
"The education and health sectors will also receive substantial funds. In 2007-08, I propose to enhance the allocation for education by 34.2 per cent to Rs.32,352 crore and for health and family welfare by 21.9 per cent to Rs.15,291 crore."
Budget 2007-2008, Speech of P. Chidambaram Minister of Finance February 28, 2007
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
Budget for Children (BfC) is an important document which undertakes a critical analysis of the state budget in the context of the needs of the children of the state. For this, those schemes from the State Annual Budget which are directly related to the benefi t of children are selected and segregated. An effort is made to review how far the Government has kept the promises and commitments it has made to protect the rights of children.
The honourable Chief Minister of Assam, Mr. Tarun Gogoi presented ` 265.32 crore defi cit budget for the fi nancial year 2015-16 in the state assembly on March 10, 2015. What is signifi cant is the concern voiced by him regarding the Union Government’s announcement on fi scal devolution and the impact it will have on the budget in the state.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
Pakistan Education System & RecommendationS.M.Ali Raza
Analysis Federal & Provincial Education budgets & their targets & Recommendation
It was my 2nd project as a student of BSc(hons)
Prepared by me: S.M.Ali Raza Naqvi
Information technology lays out its strategies for using technology and infrastructure to help the company reach its goals. Plans are consistent with available means. There are also a number of novel ideas presented that might be included into the strategy to further improve the outcome. The PMCASPL IT department will aid the company's growth by offering a wide range of IT services such as evaluating data from various units and drawing conclusions on how to proceed with business. IT-employee policy, AI/ML integration, blockchain in AQMS, website/app development (Android/iOS), social media account management (technical side), ERP/ERP enterprise resource planning, cyber security, server system, IT communication, networking setup and management, hardware support, software support, cloud service, and backup system are all within the purview of the IT department. As a result, the IT department will offer technical assistance and creative ideas that add value to the company, allowing it to better carry out its commercial operations.
CASE UNDERSTANDING: Manoj Singh and Parth Mittal are college friends. Both of them completed their B.Tech from Bengaluru (Karnataka).While doing job., Manoj who was closely associated with the R&D of his Air Quality company, had developed a concept of a hybrid product. After some time,Manoj and Parth resigned from their respective jobs and formed a Private Limited Company in Bengaluru, named, PM Clean Air Solutions Private Limited (PMCASPL). Both friends were Directors in the company with 50% equity stake with each of them. The final product developed, consisted of 3 separate units of which two were physical units and one was software, which were all synced as one single device. The units are as: Air Sense, Air Quality Management System (AQMS), Air Loop.
BCS SOLUTION SUMMARY: Problem faced by Company- As company’s final product is contain 2 main parts as physical unit and one part as software unit. So, for maintaining the quality of product and inventing new terms in device for fast and pure performance in future. We required skill employee and to expand business in other cities we required best sales executive for business marketing.
CASE UNDERSTANDING: PM Clean Air Solutions Private Limited (PMCASPL) is founded by directors Mr. Manoj Singh and Mr. Parth Mittal. Manoj devised a concept for a hybrid device that can monitor, manage, and suggest combinations to improve the air quality as Manoj was closely involved with the research and development of the air quality company in which he was employed earlier. Parth has been employed by the shipping firm in Kolkata. They both quit their respective occupation in public and decided to start PMCASPL with 50% equity investment by both of them respectively. After considerable work, research and investment utilization, they created the final product prototype containing 3 units. As their idea and prototype was well detailed, t They received investments totalling 10 Crore (INR) from a venture capitalist (SAIF Capital) and another 10 Crore (INR) from angel investors on a show with 5% equity. Being the consulting firm hired by the PMCASPL, we are tasked with providing them with advice on their project with creative and insightful contributions for the financial year 2022–2023 where the allocated budget is 10 Crore (INR). We have been tasked with providing the company with advice on how to set up new production and maintain distribution, define price/financial strategy, develop a marketing plan, and strategy for operations, human resources, and information technology.
BCS SOLUTION SUMMARY: The solution aims to analyze the market for the PMCASPL Air purifier system and come up with an extensive marketing strategy/plan for the company. The solution highlights the analysis of the product, go to market strategy, proper segmentation, targeting and positioning of the product, development of marketing mix strategy, brand establishment and future projection of the company in the minds of the customers and how the sales can be enhances using these strategies.
Business Case 09 - Plan and Proposal for Waste to Wealth for Green Wealth Pvt Ltd by Human Resource Department- Submission Date & Time : 2021-04-03 10:59:34 Submitted By : APURWA SHARMA - From Team Edison
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission of Submitted By : Lingraj Meher - From Team Wright | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 03:32:32
AIRWAY Drone Service Delivery – On Time, Every Time -HR Recruitment & Training Plan
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To achieve Break-Even within first year of operations, Brand Establishment and Innovation in processes and product to become Market leader
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission of Submitted By : Akanksha Nitin Raipatrewar - From Team Wright | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:07:28
Rank based approach to achieve financial efficiency
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Ayushi Gupta - From Team Sarabhai | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 10:55:14
Team Sarabhai - B-Plan
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Omkar Dashetwar - From Team Sarabhai | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:01:15
Financial Planning and Budget
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : Priyanka Tiwari - From Team Edison | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 10:59:01
Recruitment and Training of the Drone Operations Department
Season 3 Semi Final Business Case Scenario Submission - Submitted By : APURWA SHARMA - From Team Edison | Submission Date & Time : 2021-03-14 11:02:12
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Sectors of the Indian Economy - Class 10 Study Notes pdf
case study- primary education NMO 2019
1. Case Study – Primary Education In India
Preparer Name : Raghib Quamar
Emphasized:
A. Financial model which can self sustaining in nature will support schools independently for
some of the expenses which can be converted to 100% self financed in long run, based on
proper utilization of Surplus fund.
2. Few Facts…!
The Primary Education in India or the Elementary education in India is a very huge topic to discuss and many more to add,
We have achieved significantly improvement but lot more to do.
Current Budget has been allocated to Primary education for 53,000 + Crores which is 9.35% more compare to 2014 – 2015
budget but unfortunately 0.45% less in overall budget, which has to be increased as our population is increasing and we
need quality education also.
There are many government schemes which encourage people for Primary education to their children.
In this presentation we will be focusing on “Sarv Siksha Abhiyan” which is having more than 50% of allocation from total
given budget for primay education.
Proposed Finance Model will be based on Poland Education Financing System, which is close related to India Primary
education system with few additions, which will explained in upcoming slides.
3. SSA Facts
The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the Government of India’s (GOI) flagship elementary education programme.
Launched in 2001,it aims to provide universal education to children between the ages of 6 to 14 years. SSA is now
the primary vehicle for implementing the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE).
Cost share and implementation: From FY 2010-11 till FY 2014-15, GOI contributed 65% of the total SSA funds. From
October 2015, this has been revised to 60% with states contributing 40%.
Primary
Education Budget
Central
Government
60% of Total
State
Government
40% of Total
Municipality /
Gram Panchayats
Poland Education systems Financing is also coming from
Central but they are adding Local Municipality for proper
implementations / Monitoring and making sure the funds
are utilized. Same time Schools are generating their own
revenue or we can say able to manage their own
expenses by utilizing their resources.
If In india we can add munisality and gram panchayat for
same purpose we can do better.
Additionally we can install Solar Plates in each schools to
solve their power problem, which is cost saving and will
increase quality of education
4. Now we will focus on Key Financials of Sarv Siksha Abhiayn with Sugessions
Finance Model
After Budget
Proper Allocation Proper Utilization
The allocation under SSA increased by 11.18% from Rs 23,500 crore to Rs 26,128.81 crore between 2017-18 and 2018-19.
However, the allocations under SSA are far below the resource estimates made by the ministry of human resource
development (MHRD),
For two consecutive years, SSA was allocated less than half of the funds demanded by the MHRD. In 2016-17, the ministry
estimated a demand of Rs 55,000 crore for SSA but handed it only Rs 22,500 crore. In 2017-18, while the funds requested by
MHRD remained the same at Rs 55,000 crore, the SSA’s budget was Rs 23,500 crore
Funds for SSA have been consistently underutilized, a
2017 Comptroller and Auditor General
(CAG) report stated. “Unspent SSA money rose 24%,
from Rs 10,680 crore in 2010-11 to Rs 14,112 crore in
2015-16, the highest being Rs 17,281 crore in 2014-15
5. Now we will focus on Key Financials of Sarv Siksha Abhiayn and few suggestionsc
GOI allocations for SSA are primarily
funded through a 2 % education cess
called the Prarambhik Shiksha Kosh (PSK).
PSK is a tax-on-tax paid by the public. The
contribution of PSK to SSA financing has
increased significantly from 50 per cent in
FY 2010-11 to 62 per cent in FY 2017-18
Central
Government
State Treasuries
State
Implementation
Municipality /
Gram Panchayats
Current
Proposed
Start
By Adding Municipality / Gram Panchayats we can have micro level Allocation and
Utilization monitor along with spending control, which will lead to better utilization of
fund means quality education,
6. Now we will focus on Key Financials of Sarv Siksha Abhiayn and few suggestionsc
Per-student SSA allocations: Per-student
SSA allocations (including both GOI and
state shares) are calculated by dividing
total approved budgets by the number of
children enrolled in government schools.
Per-student allocations have seen a
steady increase since FY 2013-14. In FY
2016-17, per-student allocations stood at
`6,350 (using 2015 enrolment numbers),
a 17 per cent increase from FY 2015-16. It
should be noted that one reason for this
increase is a 2 % drop in government
school enrolment numbers between 2014
and 2015.
Once quality of education will increase enrolment number will also go up, resulting it
for utilization of complete fund.
7. Now we will focus on Key Financials of Sarv Siksha Abhiayn and few suggestionsc
Enrolment in government schools has
been declining over the past few years,
whilst that of private schools has been
increasing.
In addition to private schooling, the
number of students opting for private
tuitions has also increased. In 2014, 25
per cent of students in government
schools and 27 per cent of students in
private schools took additional private
tuitions
Declining trend in enrolment to Government Schools is alarming situation, for underutilized SSA funds and creating difficulties to achieve
Primary Education Goal of India.
Because of Poor Quality education irrespective of Government or Private Schools there is additional burden of private tuitions, which can
be ignored if we can utilize allocated fund in a planned manner, which is possible with micro monitoring by Municipality or Gram
Panchayats.
8. Expenditure Performance
Expenditure is measured as a
proportion of approved budgets.
There are significant variations in
expenditures across states. In FY
2015-16, Himachal Pradesh and
Gujarat spent more than 90 per
cent of their total SSA approvals. In
contrast, West Bengal and
Telangana spent 40 per cent and 41
per cent of approved budgets,
respectively.
The proportion of approved funds
spent improved considerably in
Jammu and Kashmir from 39 per
cent in FY 2014-15 to 77 per cent in
FY 2015-16. Other states that saw
some improvements in expenditure
include Bihar, Jharkhand and
Gujarat.
It is advisable to have monitoring and justification for lower utilization of fund, if justified need to push those fund to other states.
9. Expenditure Performance
There were wide variations in expenditure across different
SSA components and states in FY 2015-16. At the time of
preparation of this brief, component wise SSA expenditure
data was available for six states: Tamil Nadu, Madhya
Pradesh, Karnataka, Punjab, Bihar and Maharashtra.
In FY 2015-16, the Teachers component of the SSA budget
accounted for 70 per cent of total SSA approvals in Bihar
and 92 per cent of the approved funds were spent. In
contrast, whilst Teachers accounted for 75 per cent of
total approvals in Tamil Nadu, only 52 per cent of the
funds were spent
Among the states studied, Maharashtra allocated one of
the highest share of SSA funds (24 per cent) to Schools,
and spent 52 per cent. Bihar, which allocated 15 per cent
of its total budget to Schools, spent only 27 per cent in FY
2015-16.
10. Cost Model Breakup
Cost Model
Expenditur
e Model
Teachers
Cost
Schools
Cost
Children
Cost
Quality
Education
Manageme
nt
Misc. Cost
Teachers Cost- which includes teacher salaries, teacher training and
teacher learning materials or equipment.
Schools Cost - includes infrastructure expenses such as construction
of civil works and maintenance grants
Children Cost - includes allocations that directly benefit children
enrolled in school, such as transport allowance, uniforms, textbooks
and mainstreaming activities to get out-of-school children back into
school. In addition, reimbursement of per-child costs for 25 per cent
reservation for economically weaker sections in private schools has
been added to this category
Quality Education- covers largely untied monies for activities to
improve learning, such as the learning enhancement programme and
innovation grants to districts
Management - covers allocations related to administration and
management activities
Miscellaneous - includes allocations made for community training
and mobilization
11. Grant / Budget Allocation Model / Incoming
Incoming Finance Model
Union
Budget
Central
Governme
nt
State
Governme
nt
Municipalit
y
Solar Panel
Central Government – A portion from union budget is finalized
from the Government of India and will be allocated to states as
per the recommendation of MHRD.
State Government – Will receive from Central Government and
add State contribution to finalize total fund for primary
education to the particular state.
Local Municipality / Gram Panchayats - Will receive from
State Government to utilize it in their areas. City / Villages etc.
Solar Panel Installation- Need to utilize previous fiscal periods
unutilized SSA funds for solar panel, which will help schools to
be dependent on their power / electricity need. Which can be
additional financial support.
12. Finance Model – Need to make sure 100% Utilization, if not same amount will be used for Solar Panels.
Budgeted Incoming Money should Utilize 100%
56,387
INR - Crores
Incoming Finance
Items Contribution % Amount Notes
Central Government 60% 33,832
State Government 35% 19,735
Municpality 3% 1,692
Gram Panchayats 2% 1,128
Solar Panel 0% -
Total 100% 56,387
Outgoing Finance
Items % Amount Notes
Teachers 25% 14,097
Schools 20% 11,277
Children 20% 11,277
Quality of Education 20% 11,277
Management 10% 5,639
Misc. Cost 5% 2,819
Total 100% 56,387
56,387
Planned Outgoing
Based on Union Budget - 2019-20
Based on Current situation allocation should be as below -2019-20
Finance Model Primary Education in India
13. Finance Model – Projection for 5 Years
Budgeted Incoming
364,732
INR - Crores
Incoming Finance
Items Contribution % 2019-2020 2020-2021 2021-2022 2022-2023 2023-2024 2024-2025
Central Government 60% 33,832 34,847 35,892 36,969 38,078 39,221
State Government 35% 19,735 20,327 20,937 21,565 22,212 22,879
Municpality 3% 1,692 1,742 1,795 1,848 1,904 1,961
Gram Panchayats 2% 1,128 1,162 1,196 1,232 1,269 1,307
Solar Panel 0% - - - - - -
Total 100% 56,387 58,078 59,821 61,615 63,464 65,368
Outgoing Finance
Items % 2019-2020 2020-2021 2021-2022 2022-2023 2023-2024 2024-2025
Teachers 25% 14,097 14,379 14,666 14,959 15,259 15,564
Schools 20% 11,277 11,503 11,733 11,968 12,207 12,451
Children 20% 11,277 11,503 11,733 11,968 12,207 12,451
Quality of Education 20% 11,277 11,503 11,733 11,968 12,207 12,451
Management 10% 5,639 5,751 5,866 5,984 6,103 6,226
Misc. Cost 5% 2,819 2,876 2,933 2,992 3,052 3,113
Total 100% 56,387 57,514 58,665 59,838 61,035 62,255
Surplus for Solar Panel - 564 1,156 1,777 2,429 3,112
Planned Outgoing
355,694
Based on Current situation , projected for future
Based on Current and expected population, projected for future
Finance Model Primary Education in IndiaFinance Model Projectionfor 5 YearsPrimary Education in India
14. Summarized Recommendation
1. Involvement of Municipality and Gram Panchayats for proper utilization of allocated funds. Every year
it is under utilized hence we can not cultivate maximum output.
2. If any state is not utilizing the fund, it should be transferred to other States who can utilized in same
fiscal year. In 2015-16 West Bengal spend the lowest % of total allocation.
3. Unutilized fund should be allowed for Solar Panel installation which will help schools to be dependent
on Electricity power. Which will save cost in future also.
4. First Priority for Outgoing Finance will be on Teachers, because many states having vacant positions, it
will help us to increase quality of education.
5. Every year based on circumstances, it is recommended to change the expenditure % to give weightage
to other outgoing components.