CASE HISTORY.ppt
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This document discusses periodontal disease and conditions that can affect the gums and oral cavity. It covers different types of periodontal diseases categorized by age, sex, occupation, medical history, and personal habits. It also describes examinations of extra oral features like lymph nodes and intra oral features of the gums, tissues and structures of the mouth. Assessment indices like OHI-S and characteristics of the gingiva are provided. The effects of traumatic occlusion and furcation involvement are mentioned. The document concludes with treatment planning.
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This document provides information on periodontal diagnosis and examination. It discusses the importance of diagnosis and outlines the process, which includes collecting a medical and dental history from the patient, performing an extraoral and intraoral examination, taking radiographs and making casts. The intraoral examination involves assessing oral hygiene, examining the teeth for issues like mobility, sensitivity and staining, and examining the periodontium by checking the gingiva, probing for pockets and testing for mobility. Trauma from occlusion, excessive overbite and open bite relationships are also evaluated.
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This document discusses periodontal treatment and healing. Periodontal therapy aims to eliminate pain, inflammation, pockets and arrest bone destruction. Excellent healing occurs within a week after surgery and continues improving for 7 months. Local therapy focuses on plaque removal to prevent reaccumulation. Systemic antibiotics may be used to eliminate bacteria. Healing can involve regeneration of original tissues, repair through scar formation, or new attachment of tissues to a previously diseased root surface. Factors like trauma, age, diabetes and nutrition impact healing. The goal of treatment is reattachment of gingiva and periodontal ligament to the root through new cementum and periodontal ligament fiber formation.DESQUAMATIVE GINGIVITIS.ppt
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This document discusses chronic desquamative gingivitis, which was first described in 1932. It presents in mild, moderate, and severe forms characterized by redness and peeling of the gingiva. Mild form involves diffuse erythema while moderate form has patchy red/gray areas and severe form has irregular denuded areas. Histopathology shows features of bullous lesions or lichen planus. Management includes gentle local plaque control, oxidizing mouthwashes, and topical corticosteroids. Systemic corticosteroids like prednisone may also be used. Local therapy improves the condition over time with care taken for atrophic aging gingivitis.AGING AND THE PERIODONTIUM.ppt
AGING AND THE PERIODONTIUM.pptDepartment of periodontics S B Patil Institute for Dental Sciences & Research
This document summarizes aging-related changes in the skin, bone, periodontium, and teeth. It notes that aging is characterized by a slowing of natural functions and loss of balanced control. Key effects include tissue desiccation, reduced elasticity, diminished repair capacity, and altered cell permeability in the skin, osteoporosis in bone, and thinning of the oral epithelium and connective tissue with loss of elasticity in the periodontium. Aging leads to reduced masticatory efficiency due to missing or loose teeth and poorly fitting dentures, resulting in poor chewing habits and digestive issues. Cumulative effects include gingival recession, tooth attrition, and reduced bone height, making plaque accumulation more rapid inAGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS.ppt
AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS.pptDepartment of periodontics S B Patil Institute for Dental Sciences & Research
This document discusses aggressive periodontitis, including localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP). It provides historical background on the terminology and definitions of these conditions. Key points include that LAP primarily affects first molars and incisors, often in a symmetrical pattern, while GAP affects at least 3 permanent teeth beyond molars and incisors. Risk factors discussed are heredity, specific pathogenic bacteria like Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, immunological defects, and virulence factors produced by bacteria. Environmental factors like smoking may also play a role in GAP.THE PERIODONTAL POCKET.ppt
THE PERIODONTAL POCKET.pptDepartment of periodontics S B Patil Institute for Dental Sciences & Research
There are two types of periodontal pockets: gingival pockets and periodontal pockets. Periodontal pockets are true pockets that occur with the destruction of supporting periodontal tissues. Periodontal pockets can be further classified based on their morphology and the number of tooth surfaces involved. Periodontal pockets form due to the effects of bacterial plaque and the inflammatory response. They are characterized by signs such as bleeding and exudate as well as symptoms like pain. Histologically, the soft tissue wall shows inflammation and the root surface shows structural, chemical and cytotoxic changes. The pocket contains microorganisms, their products, and other materials.THE PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTARIUM.ppt
THE PERIODONTAL INSTRUMENTARIUM.pptDepartment of periodontics S B Patil Institute for Dental Sciences & Research
This document discusses the classification and types of periodontal instruments. It describes five main categories of instruments: probes, explorers, scaling/root planing/curettage instruments, periodontal endoscopes, and cleansing/polishing instruments. Under each category, it provides examples of specific instruments and outlines their purposes, basic characteristics, and uses in periodontal examinations and treatments. The document also covers principles of sharpening instruments to maintain a fine cutting edge.THE GINGIVA.ppt
The document summarizes key aspects of gingiva (gums). It defines gingiva as the oral mucosa that covers the alveolar process and surrounds teeth. The gingiva has three clinical features: marginal gingiva at the gumline, attached gingiva firmly bound to bone, and interdental gingiva between teeth. Microscopically, it has an epithelial layer and connective tissue layer with fibers that unite gingiva to cementum as the dento-gingival unit. Blood supply comes from supraperiosteal, periodontal ligament, and interdental septum arteries.
CEMENTUM & AL.BONE.ppt
Cementum is the calcified tissue covering the tooth root. There are two types: acellular and cellular. Cementum thickness increases throughout life. It contains Sharpey's fibers from the periodontal ligament that provide structural support. The alveolar bone supports the tooth sockets and contains osteons, marrow, and periosteum/endosteum. The periodontal ligament resides between the cementum and alveolar bone, providing nutrition and sensory function to the teeth.
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- 1. Presented by Dr. Puvvalla Bhavana MDS Sr. Lecturer
- 2. NAME : communication feeling of well being region -- diet habits,living style AGE : chronic periodontitis adult diabetes juvenile diabetes chronic desquamative gingivitis-mild form -moderate form -severe form pubertal gingivitis / p.periodontitis localized aggressive periodontitis post-juvenile periodontitis rapidly progressive periodontitis
- 3. SEX : chronic periodontitis pubertal periodontitis pregnancy gingivitis desquamative gingivitis localized aggressive periodontitis rapidly progressive periodontitis OCCUPATION : lead poisoning – bluish black line -- lead line/“Burtonion line” stress – hypertension sedentary job – diabetes
- 4. MEDICAL HISTORY : diabetes PERSONAL HABITS : smoking brushing habits – material -- method -- frequency -- type of brush -- change of brush
- 5. EXTRA ORAL EXAMINATION : SYMMETRY acute conditions where there is lymph node enlargement - periodontal abcess - impacted tooth - pericoronitis - ANUG - AHGS - parotid swelling(unilateral)
- 6. INTRA ORAL EXAMINATION : BUCCAL MUCOSA – fodysy’s spots -- cheek bite -- lichen planus -- OSF LABIAL MUCOSA -- frenal attachment -- lichen planus FLOOR OF MOUTH – ranula -- mand.tori -- hairy leukoplakia PALATE – smokers nicotina palatinii -- tori -- cleft palate -- thrombocytopenic purpura -- candidiasis TONGUE – candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia
- 7. OHI-S INDEX : -- no disclosing solution GINGIVA : color contour consistency size shape surface texture position bleeding mobility attached gingiva mucogingival problems
- 8. TRAUMATIC OCCLUSION : FREMETUS TEST FURCATION : TREATMENT PLAN :