Download to read offline
CARL ROGERS................................pptx
- 1. Carl Rogers (1902-1987) Steve HamppIndino, RPm
- 2. Biography Born in 1902in Oak Park, Illinois, USA. Raised in a strict, religious household. Initially studied agriculture, then shifted to theology, but eventually moved to psychology. Influenced by his work with troubled children at the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Died in 1987 after major contributions to counseling, education, and peace efforts.
- 3. ROGER’S SELF THEORY Carl Rogers dealtwith college students with adjustment problems
- 4. The humanistic approach states thatthe self is composed of concepts unique to ourselves. The self-concept includes three components: 1.Self worth (or self- esteem) 2.Self-image 3.Ideal self .
- 5. Self worth (or self- esteem) whatwe think about ourselves. Rogers believed feelings of self- worth developed in early childhood and were formed from the interaction of the child with the mother and father.
- 6. Self-image How we seeourselves, which is important to good psychological health. Self-image includes the influence of our body image on inner personality. At a simple level, we might perceive ourselves as a good or bad person, beautiful or ugly. Self-image has an effect on how a person thinks, feels and behaves in the world.
- 7. Ideal self This isthe person we would like to be. It consists of our goals and ambitions in life, and is dynamic – i.e., forever changing. The ideal self in childhood is not the ideal self in our teens or late twenties, etc.
- 8. Humanistic Perspective s Carl Rogers: Person-Centered Therapy Viewedpersonality structure in terms of “self-concept” or the beliefs about one’s own behavior, nature, and qualities Incongruence is the degree of difference b/w self-concept and actual experience (if it is accurate, it is congruent)
- 9. Self- Concept An important toolin human self-actualization is the development of an image of oneself, or the self-concept.
- 10. Self or Self- Concept 🔵Positive Self-Concept: We act, feel, and think optimistically. We behave constructively — meaning: We believe we can solve problems. We pursue goals confidently. We handle failures as learning experiences. 🔴 Negative Self-Concept: We act, feel, and think pessimistically. We behave destructively — meaning: We doubt ourselves. We expect failure or rejection. We may give up easily or harm our own progress. Short Version: Self-concept is how we see ourselves —if positive, we think and act constructively; if negative, we think and act destructively.
- 11. Two Kinds ofSelves Ideal Self Real Self Based on our hopes, goals, and wishes Based on our actual experiences How we want to see ourselves How we actually see ourselves Influenced by dreams, standards, and expectations Formed through life events and self-awareness Often represents our "perfect self" Reflects our true current condition
- 12. Congruence vs. Incongruen ce Congruence: When thereal self and ideal self are close to each other, leads to → positive self-concept and mental health. Incongruence: When the real self and ideal self are far apart, can lead to confusion, → low self-esteem, or psychological distress. The ideal self is who you want to be. The real self is who you actually are. The greater the match, the healthier the self- concept.
- 19. Carl Rogers’s Person- Centered Perspectiv e “People are basicallyGOOD and have a natural potential to grow, like trees reaching for the sun.” The Growth Analogy: The Oak Tree Just as a tree needs: ☀️Sunlight 💧 Water 🌿 Nutrients A person needs: 🤝 Genuineness – being real, honest, and open 💗 Acceptance – unconditional positive regard (being loved without conditions) 👂 Empathy – being deeply understood and emotionally heard When we receive these conditions, we grow into fully functioning individuals — strong, resilient, and deeply rooted.
- 20. 🌱 Humans Havea Natural Tendency to Grow People are basically good. With the right conditions, they will: Become healthy Move toward self-actualization Reach their full potential
- 21. 🌳 The 3Conditions That Facilitate Growth 🌿 Condition 🧠 What It Means 🤝 Acceptance (Unconditional Positive Regard) Accepting a person without judgment, even with their flaws. Honoring their worth instead of devaluing them. 💬 Genuineness Being authentic, honest, and transparent. No masks. No pretending. Just the real you. 👂 Empathy Deeply understanding someone’s feelings and experience. Tuning in, listening well, and showing you're trying to “feel with” them — not pitying them.
- 22. Genuineness Being open with yourown feelings. Dropping your facade. Being transparent and self-disclosing.
- 23. Acceptance / Unconditional PositiveRegard An attitude of acceptance regardless of circumstances. Accepting yourself or others completely.
- 24. 💖 Positive Regard Thedeep human need for love, acceptance, warmth, and respect — especially from people important to us (family, friends, mentors). We all crave positive regard to build a healthy self-concept.
- 25. 🔁 Two Kindsof Positive Regard 🔹 Type 🔍 Description 😕 Effect if Misused 💡 Conditional Positive Regard Given only when we meet expectations or act in acceptable ways. Leads to incongruence between real & ideal self. ❤️Unconditional Positive Regard Given freely, without conditions — acceptance, love, and support no matter what. Builds congruence, self- worth, and real growth.
- 26. EMPATHY Listening, sharing, understandingand mirroring feelings and reflecting their meanings. "Putting yourself in someone else's shoes" is a common way to describe the act of empathy, which is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person. It involves imagining yourself in their situation and trying to experience their feelings as they would.
- 27. Evaluating Humanistic Perspectiv es Contributions • Self-perception iskey to personality • Consider the positive aspects of human nature • emphasize conscious experience Criticisms • too optimistic about human nature • promotes self-love and narcissism