Cardio vascular 202[1]
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The document describes the internal features and blood flow of the cardiovascular system. It discusses the right and left halves of the heart separated by a septum, including the atria and ventricles. It then focuses on the specific structures of the right atrium such as the crista terminalis and fossa ovalis. Next, it details the inflow and outflow parts of the right and left ventricles, as well as their valves. Finally, it outlines the arterial blood supply from the coronary arteries and venous drainage via the coronary sinus.
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Cardio vascular 202[1]
- 2. Internal features • Right &left halves by a median septum • Each half : -atrium -ventricle • Atrio-ventriculr valves • Semilunar valves
- 3. Internal features • Atrio-ventriculr valves: - Tricuspid - mitral • Semilunar valves: -pulmonary -aortic
- 4. Right atrium • Anterior rough wall • Posterior smooth wall
- 5. Anterior wall of Rt atrium • Crista terminalis － vertical ridge -Musculi Pectinati muscles
- 6. posterior wall of Rt atrium – Formed by the interatrial septum – Smooth walls – Fossa ovalis – － an oval depression, – Limbus fossa ovalis– prominent margin of fossa ovalis
- 7. Orifices of the Right atrium Orifices: • 1. superior vena cava • 2. inferior vena cava • 3. coronary sinus － returns blood to the heart from the cardiac muscle • 4.right atrioventricular orifice (tricuspid)
- 8. Right ventricle • Inflow part • Outflow part
- 9. Inflow part -receive blood from Rt atrium － rough walls • Trabeculae carneae － irregularly arranged bundles of myocardium • Papillary muscles － small conical- shaped elevations
- 10. Out flow part (infundibulum) • cone or funnel shaped, smooth area leading upward to orifice of pulmonary trunk • Pumps blood through pulmonary orifice to pulmonary trunk
- 11. Orifices in Rt ventricle 1.Tricuspid valve Guards right atrioventricular orifice • Three triangular cusps: attached to • Chordae tendineae － fine, white, connective tissue cords, attach margin of cusps to papillary muscles
- 12. Orifices in Rt ventricle 2. pulmonary Valve Guards the orifice of pulmonary trunk • Has three semilunar cusps – each with free border that has central nodules of semilunar valve
- 13. Left atrium Forms the base of the heart and has smooth wall
- 14. Left atrium orifices • four orifices of pulmonary veins open through the posterior wall • left atrioventricular orifice (mitral valve) blood leaves through left atrioventricular orifice to left ventricle
- 15. Left ventricle • Inflow part • Outflow part
- 16. Left ventricle • Inflow part: Same as in rt ventricle Outflow part: (aortic vestibule) Smooth and fibrous
- 17. Left ventricle orifices • 1,left atrioventricular (mitral): formed of two cusps • 2. aortic orifice • 3 cusps one anterior and two posterior
- 18. Left Ventricle Figure 20–7 Has thick wall Of circular cross section
- 19. Interventricular septum Located between right and left ventricles • Has upper membranous part • Has thick lower muscular part
- 20. Blood supply of the heart
- 21. Arterial supply Right coronary artery Arises from the anterior aortic sinus • Runs into coronary sulcus • Branches – Right marginal branch － travels along inferior border – Posteror interventricular branch － travels downward in posterior interventricular groove,
- 22. Arterial supply Left coronary artery • Arises from left posterior aortic sinus • Branches – Anterior interventricular branch － in anterior interventricular groove – Circumflex branch － travels to left in coronary sulcus to
- 23. Note: • coronary arteries are functional end arteries
- 24. Venous drainage of the heart Coronary sinus is a wide venous channel in the posterior part of the coronary sulcus. It opens in the right atrium
- 25. Circulation • Pulmonary • Systemic • portal
- 26. Systemic Circulation • Heart → aorta → body → capillaries → SVC and IVC →rt atrium
- 27. Pulmonary Circulation • heart → pulmonary artery →lungs →capillaris around alveoli →4 pulmonary veins →left atrium
- 28. Portal Circulation • Heart → aorta → intestine → portal vein → liver → hepatic veins → IVC →rt atrium intestine liver Portal vein hepatic