The document discusses the history and models of disability and disability rights movements. It traces the development of the social model of disability from the 1960s civil rights movements. The social model views disability as caused by social and environmental barriers rather than just by individual impairment. It led to the independent living movement and disability liberation groups advocating for equal rights and accessibility. The document contrasts this with the medical or individual model that locates disability within individuals.

1. Capitalism and the social oppression of people with impairments Bob Williams-Findlay Disability Equality & Human Rights Trainer

6. Over the years many disabled people have campaigned for “justice”, “equal rights” and “ an end to discrimination”.

15. Individual Model of Disability The Disabled Person “ Can’t…” walk, talk, see, hear, work, climb stairs, read written info, speak, etc. Is passive or dependant “ confined” to a wheelchair, “ housebound”, etc. Is a burden needs care, help, services; takes and doesn’t give… Is sick or ill waiting for a cure, confusion between illness and disability Object of pity or sorrow recipient of charity, has “special” needs which don’t get met by mainstream services or funding, etc.

26. Social Model of Disability The Disabling World Inaccessible physical environments including buildings, transport, poor design, etc. Information not in accessible formats e.g. plain language, Braille, tape, large print, disk, accessible website, etc. Communication barriers e.g. few sign language Interpreters, no induction (hearing) loops or alternatives to telephones, assuming everyone communicates in the same way Prejudice e.g. attitudes, stereotyping, assumptions, etc. Discrimination e.g. inflexible or unfair systems in organisations