This document discusses capacity-building efforts related to climate change. It provides background on capacity-building being recognized in the UNFCCC since COP5. Key points covered include: 1) Previous work includes the Cancun Agreement establishing institutions and networks to support developing countries, and discussions at COP16 and AWG-LCA14.3 on monitoring effectiveness. 2) Future expectations focus on moving from establishing frameworks to implementing capacity-building. Parties may decide actions at COP17 like knowledge management and institutional strengthening. 3) Challenges include measuring capacity-building integrated in other projects and weak national reporting in developing countries. Parties call for strengthened bodies and mechanisms to enable full convention implementation.

1. CAPACITY-BUILDING
Takahiro Araki

2. OUT LINE
I. Introduction
II. Previous work
III. Future expectation

3. OUT LINE
I. Introduction
a) Background
b) Concept
c) Position of countries
II. Previous work
III. Future expectation

4. BACKGROUND
Capacity-building is critical to the effective
participation of developing countries in the
Convention and Kyoto Protocol processes.
BUT !!
first considered as a separate agenda it
only at COP 5
TOO LATE TO BE CONSIDER !!

5. CONCEPT “TO BUILD CAPACITY”
 Institutional capacity-building
 Capacity-building under the clean development
mechanism
 Human resource development
 Technology transfer
 National communications
 Adaptation
 Public awareness
 Coordination and cooperation
 Improved decision-making

6. CONCEPT “TO BUILD CAPACITY”
Institutional Capacity-building
→ Stronger organization 1
and More academic research
Capacity-building
2 under the clean development mechanism
→CDM understanding and preparation
Human resource development
→ Education about climate change 3

7. CONCEPT “TO BUILD CAPACITY”
Technology transfer
4
→ Build technology for clean development
National communications
→ Country’s decision and establishment of group 5
Adaptation
6 → Development of Adaptation project

8. CONCEPT “TO BUILD CAPACITY”
7 Public awareness
Coordination and cooperation
8
→ Individual, community, government, etc
9 Improved decision-making

9. THE VIEWS OF COUNTRIES
BRAZIL
CHINA
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF ILAN
SRI LANKA
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
URUGUAY

10. BRAZIL
South-South cooperation !!
South South
CHINA Adequate financial resources
Developed country Deveoloping
parties country
parties

11. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF ILAN
the National Capacity Self Assessment report
→ Extensive monitoring and evaluation !!
SRI LANKA
Indicators needs to be established
in developing countries like SLI LANKA!!

12. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
for Make full use of
Tight budgets Monitoring
Evaluation
URUGUAY
GEF should be replenished!

13. OUT LINE
I. Introduction
II. Previous work
a) Cancun Agreement (COP16)
b) Panama conference (AWG-LCA14.3)
I. Future expectation

14. CANCUN AGREEMENT
 Governments decided to increase capacity-building
support to developing countries by strengthening
relevant institutions, networks and climate change
communication, education, training and public
awareness at all levels. Included in this is increased
sharing of information.
 The structure for institutional arrangements for
capacity-building, as well as ways to increase the
monitoring of the effectiveness of capacity-building,
are to be developed in 2011. They will be considered
in Durban.

15. PANAMA CONFERENCE
Ways to enhance the monitoring and review of
the effectiveness of capacity-building
Modalities regarding institutional arrangements
for capacity-building
Capacity-building activities and reporting by
Parties
Role of the secretariat
Financial support for capacity-building
activities

16. WAYS TO ENHANCE THE MONITORING AND
REVIEW
OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CAPACITY-BUILDING
Option 1
Request SBI to Option 2
consider ways by Request SBI to convene a
organizing in-session forum annually and
in-depth discussion organize an in-session in-
with relevant experts depth discussion.
and practitioners, to
give inputs for the
reviews.

17. MODALITIES REGARDING
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR
CAPACITY-GUILDING
Option1 Option 3
Option2
Encouraging Requests
Encouraging
relevant existing and
the existing
institutions newly
groups
(Adaptation established
(CGE, LEG,
committee bodies
GEF)
etc)

18. OUT LINE
I. Introduction
II. Previous work
III. Future expectation
a) Expectation for COP17

19. COP 17
What will be done for further implementation ?
Knowledge
management
Project
Developme
nt
Implementation
institutional
Training
Strength

20. REFERENCE
 FCCC/CP/1999/6/Add.1
 SUBSIDIARY BODY FOR IMPLEMENTATION Twenty-
ninth session
 Nairobi Framework Capacity for Carbon Market
Development in Sub-Saharan Africa An Inter-Agency
Program Proposal
 UNFCCC/AWGLCA/14.3

21. THANK YOU FOR LISTENING !!

22. WHAT HAS BEEN DONE SO FAR?
Origin…Being long recognized in the convention’s
work on technology transfer and national
communications and funding
COP5 (Bonn,1999)
→Launched process to address capacity building
COP7 (Marrakech,2001)
→Frameworks was agreed for developing countries and countries with
economies in transition

23. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
Institutional
Strengthening Training
Project
Development
Knowledge
Management
9. Depending on the existing level of capacity (or lack thereof) in a given country, the emphasis on
specific themes will vary. Further, in any country, there are several stakeholder groups, which are targeted
to impart capacity building covering the above themes:

24. CAPACITY-BUILDING IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
 First comprehensive review of the framework
→conducted at cop10
 Second comprehensive review of the implementation
→initiated at SBI 28
and should be completed by COP17

25. CAPACITY-BUILDING IN COUNTRIES
WITH EIT (ECONOMY IN
TRANSITION)
 First comprehensive review of the framework was conducted at COP
10
 Second comprehensive review at SBI 27
→the scope of needs as listed in the framework for capacity-building in
EIT countries is still relevant

26. LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Lack capacity to access and manage financial resources and to report on
their use
→ need to be provided on a priority basis

27. CAPACITY-BUILDING AT COP 16
 Parties decided to continue their consideration of the framework
for capacity-building in developing countries at SBI 34
 And try to complete the second comprehensive review of the
capacity-building

28. CAPACITY-BUILDING REGARDING
KYOTO PROTOCOL
The Subsidiary Body for Implementation, at its thirty-first session,
decided to recommend the following draft decision for adoption by the
Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the
Kyoto Protocol at its fifth session

29. CAPACITY BUILDING REGARDING
KYOTO PROTOCOL 2
The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the
Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, Recalling decision 6/CMP.4,
1. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to continue
its consideration of the second comprehensive review of the
implementation of the framework for capacity-building in
developing countries at its thirty-second session, with a view to
preparing a draft decision on the outcome of this review for
adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting
of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol at its sixth session;
2. Decides to complete the consideration of the second
comprehensive review at its sixth session.

30. AGREEMENT
 Scope and principles of capacity-building
 A list of action
 Provision of financial resources
for capacity-building
 Reporting by Annex ⅠParties on the support
provided to developing countries in building their capacity
 Reporting by Non-Annex Ⅰ Parties on the progress in building
capacity and on the use of the support received

31. SBI 34
Decided to continue their consideration of the second comprehensive
review of the implementation of the framework for capacity-building in
developing countries at SBI 35

32. AWG-LCA 14.2
 Discussion on two pending issues
1. Ways to further enhance the monitoring and review of the
effectiveness of capacity-building
2. Modalities regarding institutional agreements for capacity-
building

33. ASSIGNMENT FOR AWG-LCA BY COP17
(→AD HOC WORKING GROUP ON LONG TERM COOPERATIVE
ACTION)
Considering two issues below
 Ways to enhance monitoring and review of capacity-building
 Modalities for institutional arrangements for capacity-building

34. DIFFICULTIES
 Accessing and/or providing adequate information on capacity-
building for purposes of its monitoring and review
1. For annex Ⅰ parties : capacity-building is well integrated in
projects on mitigation and adaptation so it is challenge to
extract information on funding dedicated specifically to
capacity-building
2. For non-Annex Ⅰ parties : lack of capacity and weak institutions
at the national level impede the reporting on capacity-
building activities undertaken and support received

35. PARTIES CLAIM
 The need to strengthen the mandate of existing or newly –
established bodies under the Convention
 A new mechanism is needed to ensure the enhancement of
capacity-building to enable the full implementation of the
Convention
 Additional support to national focal points and institutional
strengthening

36. FUTURE VIEW
WHAT WILL BE DECIDED IN COP17 ?
 From framework to implementation
New stage is required for the capacity-building. Not just framework but
implementation.

37. VOCABURALY
 FCCC…framework convention on climate change
 SBI…subsidiary body implement
 AWG-LCA…ad hoc working group on long term cooperative
action

38. AWG-LCA CONTACT OF GROUP
 Recognizing

39. WAYS TO ENHANCE THE MONITORING AND
REVIEW
OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CAPACITY-BUILDING
 Option 1  Option 2
Requests the subsidiary body Requests the subsidiary body for
for implementation, in its work implementation to convene a forum
annually with a view of exhanging ideas,
to review the implementation of sharing experiences and acknowledging
the capacity-building framework, best practices to the implementation of
to consider ways to enhance capacity-building activities undertaken
the monitoring and review of under convention. The forum will include
the effectiveness of the participation from representatives of
capacity-building activities in existing and newly established bodies, and
parties to the Convention.
developing countries by
organizing in-session in-depth Further requests the subsidiary body for
implementation to organize an in-session
discussion with relevant experts in-depth discussion to consider tools for
and practitioners, to give inputs monitoring and review of capacity-building
for the reviews . activities.

40. COP15 SIDE EVENT ON CAPACITY BUILDING
Climate change related learning
Skills development
→ Country-driven and proactive approach
Draft guidance methodology

41. CAPACITY-BUILDING UNDER KYOTO
PROTOCOL
 Capacity-building is essential for developing countries to enable
them to
participate in the implementation of the Kyoto protocol
 Noting the“importance of the private sector” , “role played by
private sector” and “additional role that may be played by private
sector” in building capacity
 Key needs remain to be addressed to enable developing
countries, in particular the least developed countries, African
countries, and small island developing states to effectively to
participate in the clean development mechanism.

42. CAPACITY-BUILDING ACTIVITIES AND REPORTING BY
PARTIES
 Option 1
Invites parties, in particular developing country Parties,
to provide information through national communications
and other reports to enable the Subsidiary Body for
Inplementation to monitor progress and effectiveness of
actions undertaken in the implementation of the
capacity-building framework.

43. CAPACITY-BUILDING ACTIVITIES AND REPORTING BY
PARTIES
 Encourages developing country parties to continue t