ISRA NCIB 7B1

1. Isra ncib
7b1

2. What’s cancer?
Types of Cancer
Causes of Cancer
Diagnosis of Cancer
Treatment of Cancer

4. Cancer is one of the most known
diseases that affect humans in a
moral manner. Every year,
around 10 million people die
due to cancer globally. Let us
discuss on cancer, causes of
cancer, symptoms, detection,
and treatment of cancer.

5. In humans, cell differentiation and
proliferation are highly
manipulated and regularized by
cell division mechanism. Normal
cells prevent the uncontrolled
growth of specific property which
is called contact inhibition. A
breakdown of this cell cycle
mechanism in normal cells leads to
the formation of cancer cells. As a
result, tumors are formed.

6. There are two types of tumors usually
found. These are mentioned below:
Benign tumors – These tumors do not
spread to the other parts of the body.
Malignant tumors- These tumors grow
quickly and spread to other normal
tissues of the body. This property is
called as metastasis.
Example: Breast cancer. It is a type of
cancer commonly found in females. It
develops from the breast tissues.

7. Many factors are involved in the causes
of cancer like:
Physical factors – For instance, X – rays
and gamma rays.
Chemical factors – For instance, Tobacco
and smoke.
Biological factors – For instance, Viral
oncogenes, proto oncogenes and cellular
oncogenes.
The above factors are called
carcinogens.

8. The detection and diagnosis of
cancer are very important
before it spreads to other parts
of the body. Identification of
cancer genes is very valuable
to prevent cancer.
The following methods are used
to detect cancer

9. Biopsy.
Histopathological studies of
tissue.
Radiography technique.
Computed tomography.
Magnetic resonance imaging.
Molecular biology techniques.

10. Commonly, three types of treatment
are available for cancer.
Surgery.
Radiation therapy : In this therapy,
radiation is used to kill the cancer
cells.
Chemotherapy : Chemotherapeutic
drugs are used to kill the cancer
cells.

11. Many chemical drugs have side
effects in cancer patients like
hair loss. So, interferons are
injected into the cancer patient
to develop the immunity against
cancer.

12. Thanks for
your
attention