StemEnhance is a supplement that increases circulating adult stem cells. A study was conducted to determine if StemEnhance promotes tumor growth. Mice were implanted with human breast cancer cells and divided into a control group and StemEnhance group. The StemEnhance group consumed 10 times the normal human dose. Tumor growth was slower in the StemEnhance group, with tumors being 40% smaller than controls by the end. The results suggest increasing circulating stem cells with StemEnhance does not promote breast cancer growth.
Mate Choice Optimizes Offspring MHC Genetics and Drives Sexual Reproductionscience journals
Sexual reproduction can be maintained only in an ever-changing world of diseases generating a never-ending coevolutionary arms race between infectious diseases and their hosts.
Women Are Diagnosed With Colon Cancer Less Often Through Screening, Worsening...Ramzi Amri
Abstract, Academic Surgical Congress 2014:
See also:
Introductions
Disparities between men and women are omnipresent in many malignancies. In colon cancer, women usually fare slightly better. However, women also often tend to be underrepresented at screening initiatives. We hypothesized that the introduction of nationwide screening for colorectal cancer could have led to shifts in the status quo. We therefore assessed whether differences existed in terms of screening presentation at our center and whether this influenced staging and outcomes in our colon cancer population.
Methods
We included all patients over 50 without a previous history of colorectal cancer that have been treated surgically for colon cancer at our center from 2004 through 2011. Screening events included screening colonoscopies, as well as fecal occult blood tests. Chi-square statistics and relative risk (RR) computations assessed for the significance and magnitude of differences in screening rates between genders; as well as differences in several pathologic characteristics and death rates between women not diagnosed through screening and the remainder of the population.
Results
We included 919 patients, of whom 451 (49.1%) were female. Women were less likely to be diagnosed through screening (26.2% vs. 32.7%; RR: 0.8, 95%CI 0.66-0.98; P=0.037). Compared to the remainder of the population, women not diagnosed through screening were at significantly higher risk (all P<0.001) for having high-grade tumors (RR=1.61), lymph node metastasis (RR=1.37) and distant metastasis (RR= 1.65). This is reflected quite clearly in relative risk of death directly and uniquely attributable to colon cancer (RR: 1.65).
Conclusions
Female patients were less likely to be diagnosed with colon cancer through screening methods and subsequently were at risk for presenting with advanced disease and thus having higher mortality. This demonstrates the beneficial effect of diagnosis through screening, and shows that disparities in screening rates lead to disparities in outcomes.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
Assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy using circulating epithelial tumor...Peter Pachmann
Abstract
Purpose In malignant tumors, predictive markers have been developed with respect to targeted therapies. One of the Wrst targeted therapies was the hormone-blocking treatment of tumors of the male and female reproductive system. A typical therapy in breast cancer is the use of the selective estrogen receptor modulator, tamoxifen. However, only some of the patients, positive for the target molecules, respond to the selected therapy. It would, therefore, be highly desirable to have a tool to promptly assess the therapeutic eYcacy of the applied agent in the individual patient.
Methods Longitudinal observation of CETC provides a unique tool for monitoring therapy response. About 178 patients with breast cancer were followed prospectively during hormone therapy, requiring only 1 ml of peripheral blood, using a Xuorochrome-labeled antibody against surface- epithelial antigen. Image analysis allowed CETC numbers to be calculated in relation to blood volume and monitoring over the entire course of treatment. Results A more than tenfold increase in CETC during therapy was a strong indicator of looming relapse (P = 0.0001 hazard ratio 5.5; 95% conWdence interval 1,297–23,626), and a Cox regression analysis of age, tumor size, receptor expression, nodal status and previous treatment resulted in a regression model, in which CETC behavior was the parameter with the highest independent correlation to relapse-free survival. Conclusions The change in the number of CETC (increase or decrease) may, in the future, be used to guide therapy in order to change to other available treatment options in good time.
Mate Choice Optimizes Offspring MHC Genetics and Drives Sexual Reproductionscience journals
Sexual reproduction can be maintained only in an ever-changing world of diseases generating a never-ending coevolutionary arms race between infectious diseases and their hosts.
Women Are Diagnosed With Colon Cancer Less Often Through Screening, Worsening...Ramzi Amri
Abstract, Academic Surgical Congress 2014:
See also:
Introductions
Disparities between men and women are omnipresent in many malignancies. In colon cancer, women usually fare slightly better. However, women also often tend to be underrepresented at screening initiatives. We hypothesized that the introduction of nationwide screening for colorectal cancer could have led to shifts in the status quo. We therefore assessed whether differences existed in terms of screening presentation at our center and whether this influenced staging and outcomes in our colon cancer population.
Methods
We included all patients over 50 without a previous history of colorectal cancer that have been treated surgically for colon cancer at our center from 2004 through 2011. Screening events included screening colonoscopies, as well as fecal occult blood tests. Chi-square statistics and relative risk (RR) computations assessed for the significance and magnitude of differences in screening rates between genders; as well as differences in several pathologic characteristics and death rates between women not diagnosed through screening and the remainder of the population.
Results
We included 919 patients, of whom 451 (49.1%) were female. Women were less likely to be diagnosed through screening (26.2% vs. 32.7%; RR: 0.8, 95%CI 0.66-0.98; P=0.037). Compared to the remainder of the population, women not diagnosed through screening were at significantly higher risk (all P<0.001) for having high-grade tumors (RR=1.61), lymph node metastasis (RR=1.37) and distant metastasis (RR= 1.65). This is reflected quite clearly in relative risk of death directly and uniquely attributable to colon cancer (RR: 1.65).
Conclusions
Female patients were less likely to be diagnosed with colon cancer through screening methods and subsequently were at risk for presenting with advanced disease and thus having higher mortality. This demonstrates the beneficial effect of diagnosis through screening, and shows that disparities in screening rates lead to disparities in outcomes.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
Assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy using circulating epithelial tumor...Peter Pachmann
Abstract
Purpose In malignant tumors, predictive markers have been developed with respect to targeted therapies. One of the Wrst targeted therapies was the hormone-blocking treatment of tumors of the male and female reproductive system. A typical therapy in breast cancer is the use of the selective estrogen receptor modulator, tamoxifen. However, only some of the patients, positive for the target molecules, respond to the selected therapy. It would, therefore, be highly desirable to have a tool to promptly assess the therapeutic eYcacy of the applied agent in the individual patient.
Methods Longitudinal observation of CETC provides a unique tool for monitoring therapy response. About 178 patients with breast cancer were followed prospectively during hormone therapy, requiring only 1 ml of peripheral blood, using a Xuorochrome-labeled antibody against surface- epithelial antigen. Image analysis allowed CETC numbers to be calculated in relation to blood volume and monitoring over the entire course of treatment. Results A more than tenfold increase in CETC during therapy was a strong indicator of looming relapse (P = 0.0001 hazard ratio 5.5; 95% conWdence interval 1,297–23,626), and a Cox regression analysis of age, tumor size, receptor expression, nodal status and previous treatment resulted in a regression model, in which CETC behavior was the parameter with the highest independent correlation to relapse-free survival. Conclusions The change in the number of CETC (increase or decrease) may, in the future, be used to guide therapy in order to change to other available treatment options in good time.
Mechanical signals inhibit growth of a grafted tumor in vivo proof of conceptRemy BROSSEL
We apply the principles of physical oncology (or mechanobiology) in vivo to show the effect of a “constraint field” on tumor growth.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0152885
Running head YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT1YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT2.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT 1
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT 2
You Are What You Eat
Awesome Doctor
West Coast University
Abstract
Scientist have found evidence that life with cancer can be extended and certain cancers can be prevented by changing dietary habits. People who are influenced by western society and maintain a western diet are in great danger if nothing is done to limit the intake of meat and consumption of process meats. New dietary guidelines are released every 5 years by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the department of Health and Human Services. Both organizations are responsible for reviewing clinical evidence and reports from research, and creating new dietary guidelines for consumers to follow. Critics of the new guidelines argue that the USDA has censored the recommendations to eat less red meat in such a way that only the food corporations funding the research receive benefits. Cancer is caused by multiple factors but mainly from exposure to carcinogens and mutations in DNA. Carcinogens either promote cancer growth or initiate cancer growth. Certain risk factors have been associated with the development of cancers. Air pollution, tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, occupational hazards, exposure to radiation, and certain aspects of diet are all risk factors liked to be carcinogenic. The carcinogenic links in diet have been attracting a lot of attention in the scientific community. Scientist working with the national cancer institute, under the national institute of health, have been working together to verify the relationship between consuming meat and processed foods, and the development or progression of cancer. The national cancer institute’s division of cancer prevention, conducted a two-year study that divided 200 people into 2 groups that were diagnosed with colorectal cancer within 3 to 6 months of the study. The control group maintained their normal diet that included eating meat and processed foods while the experimental group eliminated meat and processed foods and maintained a strict vegetarian diet for the life of the experiment. The experiments objective was to test the correlation between meat consumption and the effects of colorectal cancer. The funding assisted with the research needed to find subjects for the study and to transport them to and from facilities rented out to perform colonoscopy or CT scan procedures. Graphs were made to measure the rates of reoccurrence or metastasis. 72 of the 200 participants died during the 24-month long experiment. The participants from the control group suffered a loss of 42%, while the experimental group only lost 30% of its participants before the trial was over. Those who maintained a vegetarian diet displayed an additional 25% chance of not developing metastasis and 26% decrease in polyp reoccurrence. Participants in the study who maintained a vegetarian diet developed end stage cancer or metastasis at slower rates. The informatio ...
Chemosensitivity Testing of Circulating Epithelial Tumor Cells (CETC) in Vitr...Peter Pachmann
ABSTRACT
Background: Chemotherapy is a mainstay of tumor therapy, however, it is predominantly applied according to empiri- cally developed recommendations derived from statistical relapse rates occurring years after the treatment in the adju- vant situation and from progression-free interval data in the metastatic situation, without any possibility of individually determining the efficacy in the adjuvant situation and with loss of time and quality of life in the metastatic situation if the drugs chosen are not effective. Here, we present a method to determine the efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs using tumor cells circulating in blood as the part of the tumor actually available in the patient’s body for chemosensitiv- ity testing. Methodology/Principal Findings: After only red blood cell lysis, omitting any enrichment (analogous to other blood cell enumeration methods, including rare CD34 cells), the white cells comprising the circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETC) are exposed to the drugs in question in different concentrations and for different periods of time. Staining with a fluorescence-labeled anti-epithelial antibody detects both vital and dying tumor cells, distinguishing vital from dying cells through membrane permeability and nuclear staining with propidium iodide. Increasing percent- ages of dying tumor cells are observed dependent on time and concentration. The sensitivity can vary during therapy and was correlated with decrease or increase in CETC and clinical outcome. Conclusions/Significance: Thus, we are able to show that chemosensitivity testing of circulating tumor cells provides real-time information about the sensitivity of the tumor present in the patient, even at different times during therapy, and correlates with treatment success.
Breast cancer is the type of cancer that starts in the breast. It can start in one or both breasts. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control. It is important to understand that most breast lumps are benign and not cancer.
maintrac liquid biopsy on circulating epithelial tumor cells Peter Pachmann
maintrac liquid biopsy on circulating epithelial tumor cells. Microscope based semi-automated discrimination of cancer cells, effectiveness testing of cancer drugs (before treatment) andtherapy monitoring
Primary small cell breast carcinoma represents less than 1% of breast cancers. Due to its rarity, there are no uniformly accepted guidelines for treatment. Its prognosis is varied being generally regarded as worse than that of most breast cancers and it poses unique diagnostic challenges. We present a case of primary small cell breast cancer, rationale for our management strategies with reference to the published literature to serve as a guide to the management of this rare cancer of the breast.
Lecture on causal inference to the pediatric hematology/oncology fellows at Texas Children's hospital as part of their Biostatistics for Busy Clinicians lecture seriers.
1. An increase in the number of circulating adult stem cells by StemEnhance® does not
promote tumor growth.
By Christian Drapeau, Chief Science Officer
Copyright 2009 Stemtech HealthSciences, Inc.
Introduction
While bone marrow adult stem cells have been shown to play an important role in tissue repair, the role of stem cells in tumor formation has also been intensely investigated.
Some scientists have suggested that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) might be involved in the process of tumor formation. The link between chronic inflammation
and cancer has long been recognized, as cancer has been called a “wound that never heals,” and a wound is known to attract stem cells.
It has been proposed that BMDSCs could become tumor cells or enhance the development of existing tumors by contributing to the formation of blood vessels in the tumor. If
circulating stem cells were to contribute to tumor vasculature and tumor growth, then increasing the number of circulating stem cells should accelerate tumor growth.
StemEnhance® is a novel mobilizer of bone marrow adult stem cells that was shown to increase the number of circulating stem. As a result of recent concern, Stemtech
investigated the effect of daily consumption of StemEnhance® on the growth of human breast tumor implanted in a mouse model.
Methods
In brief, fluorescent human MDA-MB-435 cancer cells were grown into tumors, which were later transplanted by surgical implantation into the mammary fat pad of 40
female mice. Twenty-one days after implantation, the mice were randomly separated in two groups. For a duration of six weeks, experimental animals were fed with 300
mg/kg of StemEnhance while controls were fed a placebo. Tumor growth was monitored using live whole body fluorescence imaging. At the end of the study, tumors were
excised and weighed.
Results
There was no evidence of toxicity due to StemEnhance®. Subjects in both groups showed identical body-weight growth patterns and no visual or behavioral differences
could be seen between the two groups.
At the start of the feeding trial, tumor areas for both control and experimental
group were statistically identical. Changes in tumor area, and rates of increase Ctrl
from weeks one to six, were determined using repeated measures analysis of
variance. Tumor growth was approximately linear, as determined by orthogonal SE
polynomial regression. Tumor growth rate was slower in the StemEnhance®
group (P=0.014) when compared to the control group. The reduction in tumor
growth was significant by week two and at week six tumor areas were 40 percent
larger in the control group (1.70 cm2), when compared to the StemEnhance® Ctrl
group (1.25 cm2) (P<0.01). Metastasis was not seen in either group. At the end
of the study, tumors were carefully excised and weighed. Mean tumor weight in SE
the StemEnhance® treated group (0.44 ± 0.21) was 35 percent smaller than in
the control (0.68 ± 0.42) (P < 0.03). These results for tumor mass are consistent
with the analyses of tumor area.
Figure 3
2. Discussion
Study subjects received 300 mg/kg of StemEnhance®, which is roughly 10 times the daily intake normally recommended for humans. Even at that high level, growth was
normal and animals showed no signs of toxicity. Daily consumption of the stem cell mobilizer StemEnhance® reduced the rate of human breast cancer growth without
affecting growth pattern. No metastases were observed, at least in the conditions of this study.
Little data exist to suggest how circulating adult stem cells could contribute to reducing tumor growth. It is possible that after migrating in a tumor, attracted by cytokines,
and after proliferating and differentiating in cells of the target tissue, adult stem cells could secrete cytokines inhibiting cellular division.
Other compounds in StemEnhance® could have contributed to the effect observed in this study, such as phycocyanin and specific polysaccharides. Nevertheless, based on
these results, increasing the number of circulating bone marrow adult stem cells does not promote the growth of breast cancer.
Reference
Drapeau, C., Ma, H., Yang, Z., Tang, L., Hoffman, R., & Schaeffer, D. (2009).The Stem
Cell Mobilizer StemEnhance® Does Not Promote Tumor Growth in an Orthotropic Model of Human Breast Cancer. Anticancer Research (29); pgs: 443-448.