This document defines various camera shots and editing techniques used in filmmaking. It explains that a close up focuses on a specific object while including some background details. An extreme close up focuses solely on an object of significance. A long shot shows the entire scene to establish context. A medium close up also isolates an object but includes some background. An establishing shot sets the scene and genre. High and low angles manipulate perspective and power dynamics. Tracking and zooming shots follow or focus on subjects. Pans, tilts, and transitions shift attention between elements. Shallow and deep focus determine how much is in or out of focus. Color and cuts impact mood and tension.

1. CAMERA GLOSSARY
BY ELLIE BROWN

2. CLOSE UP:
A close up is used to focus on a
specific object but still include the
background to allow more detail to
the object and give extra information
to that object while still drawing the
audiences attention to it.

3. EXTREME CLOSE
UP:
An extreme close up is a shot that is
focused on a specific object which has
significance in the narrative. It makes
the audience have their soul attention
on it and think about a possible
meaning behind it. An extreme close
up can be used on body parts such as
eyes, lips or any object that is
significant.

4. LONG SHOT:
A long shot is used to show the
audience the whole scene including
characters, backgrounds and
immediately give the audience a feeling
on what may happen in the scene, the
feeling of the scene (whether it is cold
or hot, happy or sad)

5. MEDIUM CLOSE
UP:
A medium close up is used to focus
on a specific object. The medium
close up allows you to see detail of
the object in focus while still
allowing the background to give a
feel of the scene and a story behind
the focused object and lets the
audience guess the significance of
the object in the narrative.

6. ESTABLISHING
SHOT:
An establishing shot is used at the
start of a narrative to set the scene
and even genre of the movie. It gives
the audience the first impressions on
what they are about to watch.

7. HIGH ANGLE:
A high angle is used to
belittle a character or
object and make them
seem weak and vulnerable
to a more powerful
opponent.

8. LOW ANGLE:
A long shot is a camera
shot that shows the entire
subject from head to toe
and places that subject in
relation to their
surroundings. It's used to
show the relationship
between characters and
their environment

9. AERIAL:
An aerial shot is a shot taking
directly above an object.
They give viewers a deeper
understanding of what is
happening below in the scene
and to the subject.

10. BIRDS EYE VIEW:
A bird's-eye view is an high view of an
object or location from a very steep
viewing angle. It gives the scene detail
to the audience and if it includes
characters when it zooms in it can
give a sense of power.

11. CANTED ANGLE:
A cantered angle or a Dutch angle
gives the audience a feeling of being
uneasy and unsettled making them
trying to anticipate what is going to
happen next. It can also make the
audience feel disorientated. Also, can
give focus on a specific character.

12. TRACKING SHOT:
A tracking shot would be used when
following a subject to show a direction
and follow the narrative.

13. ZOOM:
The goal of the camera zoom
is to quickly shift the viewer's
attention by narrowing in on the
subject of the frame. Whether it's
to show fear in someone's eyes
or to emphasize significance.

14. PAN:
Panning allows movement in the
camera without following and
tracking the character. It creates a
sense of motion, direction and
depth and focus on them.

15. TILT:
The tilt shot gives the scene a
dramatic sense, especially if it is
very fast, shifting the audiences
attention from one thing to
another. It keeps the audiences
attention as it is fast moving.

16. SHALLOW FOCUS:
Shallow focus allows the audience
to only be drawn to one object and
blur out the background which can
distort them from what may be
happening which makes them have
more attention on the focused
object or character.

17. DEEP
FOCUS:
Deep focus gives the
audience a lot to look at in
the background but also any
objects or characters in the
fore ground of the scene.
Deep focus can give the
audience a lot of information
once making them give their
full attention.

18. EDITING TERMS:

19. CROSS CUT:
A cross cut is used in editing to
cut back and forth to an
important scene. It creates
significance while also adding
detail to that important scene
which makes it easier to follow
the story line.

20. CUTAWAY:
Cutaway editing creates
tension between scenes. This
can be in important parts of a
film or series whether that be
at the start or the end or the
climax.

21. TRANSITIONS:
Transitions in editing can make a
smooth or abrupt stop in the
storyline. It can be smooth by
allowing easy transitions to the
next scene giving a fluent story line.
However, transitions can also
abruptly stop the storyline leaving
a cliff-hanger for a few seconds or
even at the end of the narrative.

22. USE OF
COLOUR:
Colour in editing can be used to
give the scene a certain feeling
to the audience. Dark colours can
make the audience feel negative
emotions like being sad or
anxious while bright and light
colours can give a sense of
happiness and joy.