A short and brief introduction to the benefits of CAD/CAM technology in Dentistry

1. CAD/CAM in
Dentistry

2. What is CAD/CAM?
⬡ CAD/CAM stands for
Computer-Aided Design –
Computer-Aided Milling.
⬡ It makes use of scanning
technology, 3D modeling
and computer design
applications to create a
virtual plan of the proposed
crowns, veneers, inlays,
onlays and even bridges.
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3. 3
1971
Dr. Francois
Duret
Father of dental
CAD/CAM
technology
(SOPHA System)
1985
Dr. Werner H.
Mörmann
CEREC System
1980s
Dr. Matts
Andersson
Procera
System
Brief History on CAD/CAM in dentistry:

4. 4
1994
Siemens CEREC team
CEREC 2 system
2000
Sirona Dental Systems
GmbH, Bensheim,
Germany
CEREC 3 system
Brief History on CAD/CAM in dentistry:

5. “ Work flow of CAD/CAM technology
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6. 6

7. 1.
Tooth Preparation

8. Tooth preparation
Is the physical alteration of
the remaing tooth structure,
in which the alterations made
can accommodate the
restoration material without
worry of mechanical or
biologic failure. 8

9. 9
INLAY ONLAY
POSTERIOR
CROWNS
ANTERIOR
CROWNS
BRIDGE SPAN
VENEER

10. Guidelines in tooth prep:
⬡ Prior to applying tooth prep,
one must decide the design of
the preparation. Always
remember the conservation of
enamel is the most vital
component.
⬡ Occlusal reduction is the first
step in preparing the tooth, in
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11. Guidelines in tooth prep:
⬡ Reduction of the functional cusps is also
prioritized when prepping the tooth. This
is to avoid thin spots in the porcelain and
fracture of the restoration when under
stress.
⬡ Overall, one must study the process of
milling using a machine in order to
carefully prepare your porcelain
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12. Guidelines in tooth prep:
⬡ According to Dr. Herbert T. Shillingburg, these are the 5
principles in tooth preparation.
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Preservation
of tooth
structure
Retention
and
Resistance
Structural
durability
Marginal
Integrity
Preservation
of the
Periodontium

13. 2.
Material Selection

14. Common materials
in CAD/CAM
Feldspathic Ceramics
(Glassy Phase Ceramics)
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15. Common materials
in CAD/CAM
Nano-Ceramics
⬡ combines the resilience of resins with
the strength of ceramic.
⬡ Inlays and onlays are the best
indications for this material, because thin
margins are less prone to chipping and
there is less flexion and debonding of
the restoration.
⬡ advantages are fast fabrication, clean
milling, and easy polishing.
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16. Common materials
in CAD/CAM
Lithium Disilicate Glass-
ceramic
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17. Common materials
in CAD/CAM
Zirconia Blocks
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18. 3.
Scanning/Digital
Impression

19. Take note while
scanning:
⬡ Scanning is the final impression in
the procedure, so all old rules
apply: use of packing cord,
hemostatic agents, or use of laser
surgery in order to make sure the
margins are clear and can be
visualized.
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20. Take note while scanning:
⬡ Make sure there is proper
isolation of the tooth prep.
⬡ Check for undercuts,
occlusal clearance, and
sharp edges.
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23. 23

24. 24

25. 25

26. 4.
Design and Milling

27. 27

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29. 29

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35. 35

36. 5.
Glazing and
Crystallizing

37. ⬡ For adding shine and realistic
esthetics to the milled crown,
glazing the finished product
with glaze spray and initiating
crystallization process by
baking in high heat.
⬡ When using spray: coat the
product until it appears frosty.
⬡ If glaze spray is not optional,
you can shine the restorative
crown with a rubber polisher
after it is baked 37

38. 38

39. 6.
Bonding of CAD/CAM
Restoration

40. Cements usually used for temporary or permanent cementation of
prosthesis/restorative material:
1. Zinc Phosphate
2. Zinc Oxide-eugenol
3. Zinc Oxide-non-eugenol
4. Zinc Polycarboxylate
5. Glass Ionomer Type 1
6. Resin composite cements or compomers
7. Resin-modified glass ionomer or hybrid ionomers
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42. 7.
Other forms of
restorations using
CAD/CAM

43. 1. Crownlays
2. Endocrowns
3. Replacing
missing
laterals
4. Implant
Crowns
5. Zirconia
Restorations
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44. References:
⬡ Jain, R., Takkar, R., Jain, G., & Deora, N. (1970, January 01). CAD-CAM the
future of digital dentistry: A review. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/CAD-CAM-the-future-of-digital-dentistry:-a-
review-Jain-Takkar/620f5cc557f48b274733767a3d96a4dfc7449016
⬡ AEGIS Communications, B. (2015, November 01). CAD/CAM Materials in
Dentistry. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from
https://www.aegisdentalnetwork.com/id/2015/11/cad-cam-materials-in-dentistry
⬡ Jpda. (2018, May 07). A Review On Cad Cam In Dentistry. Retrieved October 14,
2020, from http://www.jpda.com.pk/a-review-on-cad-cam-in-dentistry/
⬡ Geraldine M.W., & Mitchell T.Z. (2017). The Dental Reference Manual: A Daily
Guide for Students and Practitioners. Springer International Publishing
Switzerland. Indirect Restorations with CAD/CAM Technology pp162-175.
⬡ Youtube video: The Basics of CAD/CAM Dentistry. (March 10, 2017). Channel
Name: asdanet. Link: shorturl.at/nrxUZ
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