C++ polymorphism
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The document provides an overview of C++ polymorphism. Some key points include: 1. Polymorphism allows calling the same method for different types through dynamic binding using virtual functions. 2. Virtual functions in a base class can be overridden in derived classes to change behavior at runtime depending on the object type. 3. Pure virtual functions require derived classes to implement them, making a class abstract. Abstract base classes are useful for defining interfaces. 4. Public inheritance models an "is-a" relationship and allows polymorphism, while private inheritance is mainly for encapsulation.
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Something, as a quality, characteristic, or other immaterial possession, received from progenitors or predecessors as if by succession.
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OO-like C Programming: Struct Inheritance and Virtual Function
In this short presentation struct inheritance and virtual member function in pure C are demonstrated. With these fundamental techniques, more advanced design patterns are unlocked.
Inheritance chapter-6-computer-science-with-c++ opt
This document contains questions and answers related to inheritance in C++. It discusses different types of inheritance like single, multiple, hierarchical and multi-level inheritance. It also discusses access specifiers like public and private and how they control access to members in derived classes. Examples are provided to illustrate concepts like constructor invocation order in inheritance vs nesting of classes.
inheritance c++
Inheritance allows one class to inherit properties from another class called the base or super class. The new class is called the derived or sub-class. There are different types of inheritance like hierarchical and multi-level inheritance. The visibility of members of the base class depends on whether the inheritance is public, private or protected.
OOC MODULE1.pptx
The document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts in C++. It discusses key OOP concepts like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. It also covers procedural programming in C++ and compares it with OOP. Examples are provided to demonstrate creating classes, objects, functions, constructors and destructors. The document contains information on basic C++ programming concepts needed to understand and implement OOP principles in C++ programs.
C++ Language
This is an overview presentation on the C++ programming language. A comprehensive one stop learning tool.
C++ Inheritance
Inheritance allows one class to inherit attributes and behaviors from another existing class. This helps with code reuse by extending an existing class without modifying it. A derived class inherits from a base class, and any changes to the base class will also affect the derived classes. Abstract classes define common behaviors for other classes to inherit from but cannot be instantiated themselves, instead forcing subclasses to implement abstract methods.
Lecture4
The document discusses inheritance in C++. It shows how a derived class can inherit properties and behaviors from a base class, while also adding its own properties and overriding or specializing inherited behaviors. Examples include a Polygon base class that is derived into Rectangle and Triangle classes, and a Time base class derived into an ExtTime class that adds time zone tracking. Inheritance allows defining hierarchies of related classes to reduce duplication and extend functionality.
Lecture4
The document discusses inheritance in C++. It shows how a derived class can inherit properties and behaviors from a base class, while also adding its own private data members and defining its own public member functions, including overriding virtual functions from the base class. The key aspects covered are:
- Defining derived classes that inherit publicly or privately from a base class
- Access control of inherited members depending on inheritance type
- Calling base class constructors from derived class constructors
- Derived classes augmenting the base class with additional data and functions
- Overriding functions to specialize behavior while reusing the base class interface
Inheritance and Interfaces
- Inheritance is a mechanism where a derived class inherits properties from a base class. The derived class can have additional properties as well.
- The base class is called the parent/super class and the derived class is called the child/sub class. The subclass inherits all non-private fields and methods from the parent class.
- Key benefits of inheritance include code reusability, extensibility, data hiding and method overriding. Inheritance promotes software reuse by allowing subclasses to reuse code from the parent class.
C++ Object Oriented Programming
This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in C++ such as abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also covers access specifiers like public, private, and protected. Other topics include friend functions and classes, static and non-static members, constructors, destructors, and inheritance.
C++ language
The document provides an overview of the C++ programming language. It discusses that C++ was created by Bjarne Stroustrup to provide Simula's facilities for program organization together with C's efficiency and flexibility for systems programming. The document outlines key C++ features like classes, templates, operator overloading, and exceptions. It also covers topics like class definitions, constructors, destructors, streams, and compiling/linking C++ programs.
Inheritance
The document discusses various concepts related to inheritance in C++ including types of inheritance (single, multiple, hierarchical, multilevel, hybrid), defining derived classes, visibility modes (private, public), constructors and destructors in derived classes, virtual base classes, virtual functions, pure virtual functions, and abstract base classes. It provides examples and explanations for each concept.
Basics of objective c
C++ was designed to provide Simula's facilities for program organization together with C's efficiency and flexibility for systems programming. C++ features include classes, operator overloading, references, virtual functions, templates, and exceptions. Classes allow defining user-defined types with member functions and data. Templates provide a macro-like polymorphism for containers. Namespaces help avoid name collisions in large programs. The Standard Template Library includes containers, algorithms, and I/O streams. While C++ adds overhead, some features like classes and namespaces have little runtime impact.
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Lecture2
This document provides an overview of stacks as an abstract data type (ADT). It defines a stack as a last-in first-out data structure for storing arbitrary objects. The key stack operations of push, pop, top, and size are described. Exceptions that can occur for empty stacks are discussed. An array-based implementation of stacks is presented, including algorithms for the stack operations and analysis of its performance and limitations. Applications of stacks like undo buffers and method call stacks are mentioned. Finally, an example of using a stack to check matching parentheses in an expression is provided.
L16
The document discusses recursive definitions of sequences, functions, sets, and strings. It provides examples of recursively defining the Fibonacci sequence, factorial function, set of prices using quarters and dimes, and set of binary numbers. It also discusses recursively defining the length, empty string, concatenation, and reversal of strings.
L2
The document discusses different methods for solving recurrence relations that arise in the analysis of algorithms, including the substitution method, recursion tree method, and master method. It provides examples of using each method to solve sample recurrences like T(n) = 4T(n/2) + n, and discusses the three common cases handled by the master method based on comparing the functions f(n) and nlogba.
Inheritance
Inheritance allows new classes called derived classes to be created from existing classes called base classes. Derived classes inherit all features of the base class and can add additional attributes or features specific to that derived class. For example, a base class called fruit could have derived classes like mango, orange, and banana that each have their own defined features in addition to the features of the base fruit class. Inheritance promotes reusability and saves time and effort by allowing code to be reused in derived classes without needing to be reworked.
Inheritance
This document summarizes inheritance in object-oriented programming using bank account classes as an example. It discusses defining SavingsAccount and CheckingAccount classes that inherit from a base BankAccount class, allowing them to reuse common functionality while adding additional features specific to each account type. Polymorphism is demonstrated by storing different account objects in a list and calling common methods on each one. The document also provides an example of the GridWorld simulation environment and how actor classes can inherit and modify behaviors.
Functions
This document discusses different types of relationships between inputs and outputs in functions:
- One-to-one relationships have unique outputs for each input.
- Many-to-one relationships have multiple inputs mapping to the same output.
- One-to-many relationships have a single input mapping to multiple outputs.
- Many-to-many relationships have multiple inputs each mapping to multiple outputs.
It also covers function notation, composite functions using flow diagrams, and inverse functions obtained by reversing the arrows in a function diagram.
Field name
The document contains field definitions for two tables: a member table with fields like member code, name, address, phone number and nationality ID; and a film table with fields like film code, title, actors, genre, duration and release date. It then provides sample data records for both tables, with information about members who borrowed films and details about the films themselves.
Encapsulation
The document discusses encapsulation in C++ and object-oriented design principles. It covers:
1) Encapsulation requires that classes have clearly defined external interfaces and hide implementation details. This reduces coupling between classes.
2) Functions and classes should minimize side effects by passing parameters as constants and returning values rather than references when possible.
3) References are generally preferable to pointers as they only provide access to an object's interface rather than its memory.
4) Constructors and destructors help classes encapsulate their own resource management by allocating resources during initialization and freeing them during destruction.
Cpp tutorial
This document provides an overview of key C++ concepts including pointers, arrays, strings, parameter passing, classes, constructors and destructors, class hierarchies, virtual functions, and coding tips. It discusses how to create and use pointers, arrays, and strings. It covers passing parameters by value, reference, and address. It explains class basics like public and private access, and how to define classes with constructors, destructors, and inheritance hierarchies. It also discusses virtual functions and pure virtual functions. Finally, it provides some coding best practices and common pitfalls to avoid.
Cis068 08
The document introduces stacks and recursion. It defines stacks as LIFO data structures and discusses how they are used in programming, particularly in method calls and the JVM. Recursion is introduced as a problem-solving technique that breaks problems down into smaller instances of the same problem. It notes recursion uses stacks to store information during method calls and provides examples of recursive algorithms and problems.
Chapter14
The document discusses linked lists as an alternative to arrays for storing a collection of elements. Linked lists allocate elements individually and connect them using pointers, rather than allocating a single block of memory. Each element contains a data field and a pointer to the next element. Operations like insertion, deletion, finding elements can be implemented by traversing the linked list using these pointers. Variations like dummy head nodes and sorted linked lists are also described.
Chapt03
A container class is a data type that can hold a collection of items and is implemented as a C++ class with member functions. The document discusses implementing a bag container class with functions like insert(), remove(), and size() and describes including documentation, a class definition, and member function implementations in header and source files. It provides examples of using the bag class and pseudocode for the insert() function.
C++lecture9
The document discusses data abstraction and user-defined data types in C++. It explains that a data type provides a formal description of the domain, operations, and representation of values. Basic types like int and char are described, as well as user-defined types using the typedef keyword or class definitions. The class allows modeling data with attributes and defining operations on the data type through member functions.
C++ classes tutorials
C++ classes allow programmers to encapsulate data and functions into user-defined types called classes. A class defines the data attributes and functions that operate on those attributes. Classes support object-oriented programming by allowing objects to be created from a class which store and manipulate data private to the class through public member functions.
C1320prespost
The document provides an overview of common topics that confuse new C programmers, including control structures, variable types, pointers, arrays, structs, linked lists, and recursion. It discusses each concept in 1-3 paragraphs, explaining what they are and providing basic examples. It also covers debugging strategies such as printing variables, reducing complexity, and inserting early returns to isolate issues.
Brookshear 06
This document provides an overview of different types of programming languages including:
- Assembly languages which have a one-to-one correspondence with machine instructions.
- Third generation languages like FORTRAN and COBOL which use high-level primitives that correspond to short sequences of machine code.
- Object oriented programming which uses objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism.
- Concurrent programming which allows simultaneous execution through techniques like mutual exclusion and monitors.
Book ppt
The document outlines an introduction to computers, C++ programming, and other programming languages. It discusses the history and components of computers, operating systems, programming languages like C, C++, Java, and concepts like structured programming. The chapters also introduce simple C++ programs, basic C syntax like data types, operators, control flow, and the typical development process for a C++ program.
Assignment 2
The document presents an overview of algorithms for inserting and deleting data from stacks, queues, and linked lists. It discusses:
1) The LIFO and FIFO principles of stacks and queues and examples of push/pop and enqueue/dequeue operations.
2) Initialization of linked lists, including assigning starting pointers and examples.
3) Methods for inserting data into sequences according to rules and examples.
4) Types of deletion including speedy and proposed deletion and examples.
5) Searching data elements in a collection.
Assignment
The document summarizes algorithms for inserting and deleting data from stacks, queues, and linked lists. It provides examples of:
1) Pushing and popping items from a stack which follows LIFO order.
2) Enqueuing and dequeuing items from a queue which follows FIFO order.
3) Initializing and inserting new nodes into a linked list by updating pointer values.
4) Removing nodes from a linked list through speedy and proposed deletion methods.
5 2
The document discusses recursive functions. It explains that a recursive function calls itself and results in separate instances of the function. It describes how recursive function calls are added to the call stack and removed when the function finishes. The key aspects of a recursive function are a base case that does not call the function recursively and a recursive case that defines the problem in terms of a smaller problem by making a recursive call.
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