Business Statistics
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The document analyzes data collected from 80 students across 4 years and semesters of a commerce program on their daily Facebook usage. It finds that the mean Facebook usage is 2.52 hours per day. It calculates the variance of daily Facebook usage as 2.68 hours and the standard deviation as 1.63 hours. A pie chart and frequency distribution table are included to illustrate the breakdown of students by their hourly Facebook usage.
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The document discusses organizational planning and goal setting. It states that planning is the most important of the four management functions. Goals and plans guide action, provide rationale for decisions, and set performance standards. Goals are desired future states, while plans are the strategies and blueprints for achieving goals. Planning involves defining strategic, tactical, and operational goals and plans at different levels of the organization. Strategic plans are long-term and organization-wide, tactical plans execute strategic plans at middle management levels, and operational plans specify daily actions. Both single-use and standing plans are used.
History of mgt compiled
This document summarizes the evolution of management theories and perspectives over time. It discusses early management approaches in ancient civilizations like Sumeria, Egypt, Babylon, Greece, and Rome. It then covers the classical management perspective including scientific management developed by Frederick Taylor, bureaucratic organizations theorized by Max Weber, and Henri Fayol's identification of management functions. The document also summarizes the Hawthorne studies conducted by Elton Mayo from 1927-1932 which marked the beginning of the humanistic approach to management. Finally, it briefly discusses some influential 20th century management thinkers like Maslow, McGregor, and Argyris.
Mbo compiled
The document discusses Management by Objectives (MBO). Key points:
- MBO involves joint goal setting between supervisors and subordinates to establish performance goals aligned with organizational objectives.
- The MBO process includes setting goals, developing action plans, periodic reviews of progress, and appraising overall performance.
- When implemented properly with top management support, MBO can motivate employees, improve communication, and facilitate control through goal evaluation. However, lack of participation or too much paperwork can undermine MBO.
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Business Statistics
- 1. TOPIC: Using of Facebook in Hr/day Shahi Raz Akhtar Pathanking12@yahoo.com Www.facebook.com/Creativity5477 Business Statistics Dated:- 22nd April 2014 B.S Commerce, 5th Semester, Morning Quaid-e-Azam College of Commerce University of Peshawar
- 2. Data Collect From BS.COM 4 Year 1st Semester S.NO STUDENT NAME Hr/day FB 1 M.Sheraz 1hr 2 M.khan 0.5hr 3 Taimoor Niaz 4hr 4 Umer Ghafar 3hr 5 Safiullah 1hr 6 M.Jawad 0.5hr 7 Hasnain Mir 5hr 8 Danish 2hr 9 Haider 6hr 10 Waseem 3hr 11 Amir 4hr 12 Mian Jamil 1hr 13 Asifa Nasir 0hr 14 Sana Nelson 2hr 15 Farhana Zahid 4hr 16 Mustafa 3hr 17 Khuram 7hr 18 Safeer 5hr 19 Jehangir 1hr 20 Usman Ghani 5hr
- 3. S.NO STUDENT NAME Hr/day FB 1 Asim 4hr 2 FZR 1hr 3 Roby 3hr 4 Rehana 4hr 5 Alina 1hr 6 Roby 3hr 7 Nida 0hr 8 Abid 5hr 9 Usman 5hr 10 Abdurrehman Old 7hr 11 Ihsan 4hr 12 Jalal 4hr 13 Atiq 2hr 14 Jamroz 1hr 15 Nisar 8hr 16 Sajid 8hr 17 Bilal Old 1hr 18 Shafaat 2hr 19 Awais 2hr 20 Zia 6hr Data Collect From BS.COM 4 Year 5th Semester
- 4. Data Collect From BS.COM 4 Year 3rd Semester S.NO STUDENT NAME Hr/day FB 1 Basit 1hr 2 Amir 0.5hr 3 Hamad 1hr 4 Tanveer 3hr 5 Waleed 1hr 6 Asim 0.5hr 7 Mujeeb 5hr 8 Tariq 2hr 9 M.Amin 2hr 10 Zain 3hr 11 Rameez 4hr 12 Ahmad 0.5hr 13 Musa 0hr 14 Amir Sohail 5hr 15 M.Sulaiman 4hr 16 K.M Jawad 6hr 17 Qudratullah 7hr 18 Nasrullah 5hr 19 Adil 1hr 20 Wajid 5hr
- 5. Data Collect From HR 4 Year Ist Semester S.NO STUDENT NAME Hr/day FB 1 Hassan 2hr 2 Adil 6hr 3 Jasim 0.5hr 4 Fakhar 1hr 5 Naseem 1hr 6 Umer 03hr 7 Wali 5hr 8 Zamina Orakzai 7hr 9 Nasira Kareem 2hr 10 Khalid 1hr 11 Atif 2hr 12 Khan Gul 8hr 13 Ashiq 1hr 14 Zeeshan 0hr 15 Sohail 4hr 16 M.Ibrahim 3hr 17 Nasib 0.5hr 18 Abdul Qadir 8hr 19 Karim 6hr 20 CH-Naveed 7hr
- 6. Classes Semester Morning Total Students BS Ist 20 20 BS 3rd 20 20 BS 5th 20 20 M.Com (HR) Ist 20 20 ={ 80}
- 7. Frequency Distribution of FB users Hr/day. NO Of Hours Tally NO Of FB users(f) 0 - 1 !!!! !!!! !!!! !!!! !!!! !!!! !!!! 28 1 - 2 !!!! !!!! !!!! !! 14 2 - 3 !!!! !!!! ! 9 3 - 4 !!!! !!!! ! 9 4 - 5 !!!! !!!! 8 5 - 6 !!!! 4 6 - 7 !!!! ! 5 7 - 8 !!! 3 TOTAL 80
- 9. Classes (hr) Mid Point(x) Frequency (f) student f(x) 0-1 0.5 28 14 1-2 1.5 14 21 2-3 2.5 9 22.5 3-4 3.5 9 31.5 4-5 4.5 8 36 5-6 5.5 4 22 6-7 6.5 5 32.5 22.57-8 7.5 3 Total 32 80 202 For Finding the Mean Mean(x-)=∑f(x)/∑f =202/80 =2.52hr
- 10. Via Pie chart Mid Point(x) Frequency(f f(x)
- 11. For Finding Variance and Standerd Deviation Classes (hr) Mid Point(x) Frequency (f) f(x) (x-x-) (x-x-)2 f(x-x-)2 0-1 0.5 32 16 -1.9 3.61 115.52 1-2 1.5 2-3 2.5 3-4 3.5 4-5 4.5 28 42 -0.9 0.81 22.68 5-6 5.5 16 40 -0.4 0.16 2.56 6-7 19 66 1.1 1.21 22.99 7-8 14 63 2.1 4.41 61.74 7.5 11 61 3.1 9.61 105.71
- 12. S2=∑f(x-x-)2 /∑f S2 =321.2/120 S2 =2.68hr Now standerd deviation: S= √ ∑f(x-x-)2 /∑f s=1.63