Bullying at school
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The document discusses bullying at school, presenting on the topic of Loujain Hussain, an 11-year-old girl who was viciously attacked at her school in Abu Dhabi. It mentions Phoebe Nora Mary Prince, who experienced bullying, and outlines some types and causes of bullying as well as consequences. The document proposes solutions to bullying at the local, national, corporate and individual levels and provides bibliographic references for further information.
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Bullying at school
- 1. Bullying at school Presented by: Abdulla Ali Alhosani
- 2. • Loujain Hussain • Eleven-year-old • Al Ma'ali International Private School • Abu Dhabi
- 3. • Phoebe Nora Mary Prince
- 4. • Types of bullying:
- 5. • Causes of bullying:
- 10. • Solution: 1. Local and national government. 2. Corporations. 3. Organizations. 4. Private individuals.
- 12. Thank you for listening I will be happy to answer your questions
Editor's Notes
- Abu Dhabi: The four boys who reportedly beat 11-year-old LoujainHussain in school are being monitored closely, according to the principal of the Abu Dhabi institute."They [the four boys] are being watched by teachers to make sure that nothing more happens … they are also being kept indoors during recess out of concern for the reactions of fellow pupils," Khadeeja Al Sayyar, principal of Al Ma'ali International Private School, told Gulf News."Additionally, the entire Grade 4 section was shifted to a new location closer to the supervisor's office so they can also be monitored," she added. The co-ed school follows an Arabic-American curriculum and its 1,500 pupils are housed in two buildings.http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/education/loujain-struggles-at-home-after-vicious-attack-1.1022458"One building is for pupils in Grade 4 and below, while the older students study in another building," Khadeeja told Gulf News earlier. The principal also clarified that the attack took place in an area of the playground which is reserved for girls and those in Grade 4 and below. "It is one of the more isolated areas … we always have 14 staff members patrolling the entire playground even though there are no security cameras," she said.HistoryLoujain, an Iranian expatriate, and her friends were attacked by Grade 4 pupils over a week ago when a minor incident turned violent. In addition to the brain haemorrhage, Loujain is also suffering from swelling of the brain and bruising.Related LinksLoujain's family waits for progress Problem of bullying in schoolsShe remains in a medically induced coma at the ShaikhKhalifa Medical City (SKMC). "Loujain is stable, but the doctors are still worried that she is not able to open her eyes. Because of her brain injuries, they had to postpone Loujain's MRI twice to next week," said Mahran, her older brother.According to L.J., another victim of the tragic incident, the boys have a history of aggressive behaviour at the school. "They always picked on other [pupils] … even the teachers have a hard time controlling them," she said.But the principal insists that the boys were not aware of the severity of their actions and their consequences."They are just young children, only nine or 10 years old … now they are scared to go anywhere because of the negative attention they are receiving," Khadeeja said. The incident is still being investigated by the police and officials from the Abu Dhabi Education Council (Adec)."We are cooperating fully with the investigation, however, the children involved are constantly changing their stories so we are waiting for the final results [so that we can then take the necessary steps]," the principal said."The boys have not been suspended because that can only be done if we receive instructions from Adec … however, it is likely that they will not be accepted for the upcoming academic year," she added.The boys' parents have requested that their details not be provided to the media. "They do not wish to be interviewed or be contacted at this time. The parents simply want to focus on cooperating with the investigation while sheltering their children as much as possible," Khadeeja said.Juvenile lawsThe experience of Loujain, who was a victim of bullying in school, has drawn attention to a problem that might be significantly more serious than the society had expected.What does the law say about these situations, and who is held responsible for causing potentially irreversible damage or possibly death?From a legal perspective, FaisaMousa, an Emirati lawyer, told Gulf News that violent incidents which lead to severe injuries, handicaps or death are dealt with according to the juvenile law."Students above the age of 14 are referred to the juvenile correction facilities for guidance, education and rehabilitation. Students below this age are handed to their parents on condition that they write an affidavit [statement] pledging that they will take care of their children to prevent any future recurrence of such actions."Meanwhile, the offending child's family should bear any financial responsibility for the victims' medical treatment and care. They also should pay financial compensation to the victim's family if the family chooses," she said.A psychologist said that bullying is aggressive behaviour which is intentional and is repeated, possibly frequently, over time.""Bullying can happen in many ways. Physical — such as hitting or punching; verbal — such as teasing, name calling; emotional — through gestures or social exclusion; non verbal — such as insulting messages, and others," Dr Dolly Habbal, consultant psychologist at Gulf Diagnostic Centre, told Gulf News.There is not just a single reason that causes children to bully others. It is, rather, a combination of factors and influences from family, peers, school, and the community, which collectively can place a child at risk of becoming a bully. Several reasons can lead to violence among children," DrHabbal said."Children learn by modelling and tend to copy their parents. Some parents demonstrate aggressive behaviour at home, whether husbands towards their spouses or fathers beating their children. So, parents set hostility and aggressiveness as a behavioural model in dealing with people. Other parents are permissive and don't establish rules of conduct at home and don't apply a penalty system either. Television as well plays an influential role on children's behaviour. Movies and even cartoons carry a great deal of violence and blood nowadays, and parents don't and can't supervise every programme," she explained.DrHabbal explained that lack of communication between school and home doesn't help sorting out such behaviour either."Students who commit such violence definitely have conduct disorder. If a conduct disorder is not treated in a timely manner, it develops into an anti-social personality that is a disorder which can be associated with crimes. People who have an anti-social personality do not have a sense of right or wrong, they have no moral values and are indifferent to other people's needs. Additionally, they don't abide by the society's rules and create and follow their own. All delinquents and psychopathic criminals have an anti-social personality disorder. Once developed it is difficult to correct and takes a long time to treat," she concluded. ………………………Abu Dhabi: Loujain's weekend homecoming was a bittersweet affair, as she and her family struggled to accept the events that led to her three-week hospitalisation, her older brother revealed to Gulf News. "We were so happy to see her well and back home but we are worried because it seems that Loujain is having trouble [reconciling with] what happened to her," MahranHussain, 22, an Iranian expatriate, said. “ Loujain is withdrawn but we do see glimmers of her old personality from time to time… we are just hoping and praying that she will one day return to the Loujain we knew before the attack” MahranHussain, Iranian expatriate"Loujain is withdrawn but we do see glimmers of her old personality from time to time… we are just hoping and praying that she will one day return to the Loujain we knew before the attack," he added. The 11-year-old sustained serious injuries, including a brain haemorrhage caused when a previously undiagnosed congenital condition called arteriovenous malformation or AVM and an aneurysm, an enlarged artery caused by a weakened blood vessel, ruptured. She also suffered heavy bruising. Article continues belowShe was treated at the ShaikhKhalifa Medical City (SKMC). "We are worried because she has trouble seeing things out of her left eye… that is causing her to stumble and so she needs someone to help guide her so she does not hurt herself," Mahran said. "A doctor examined her on Thursday before she was discharged… but has said that for now, we have to wait and see. Loujain has also been scheduled for some tests this week… hopefully, the results will be positive for her," he added. ‘Elbowed harshly'The grade seven pupil at Al Ma'ali International Private School was allegedly beaten up by a group of grade four pupils nearly three weeks ago. The incident, which took place during break time at the school, appeared to be triggered when a friend of Loujain's accidentally stumbled into one of the boys. "She remembers some details of what happened to her… such as being elbowed harshly by one of the boys," Maha Abdul Kader, her mother, said. Her family has also expressed their concern over the sudden spasms that rack Loujain's body at seemingly random intervals. "She was given some medication… but over the weekend, we began noticing these tremors… my parents are following up with her doctors to see what is causing them and how to treat them," Mahran said. As Loujain continues her recovery at home, her parents are adamant she will not return to the school. "I will never allow her to return to that place… we will find a way to arrange it so Loujain can catch up on her studies and take any exam at home," Hussain Abdullah, her father, said. Mahran said they planned to approach the Abu Dhabi Education Council (Adec), which is currently investigating the incident with the Abu Dhabi police. "When DrMugheer [Khamis Al Khaili, Adec's director general], visited Loujain on Thursday before she was discharged, he told us that if we needed any help we could approach him. My parents hope to meet him and find a solution for her studies, such as arranging for her to be home-schooled," he said.
- The suicide of Phoebe Prince, on January 14, 2010, led to the criminal prosecution of six teenagers for charges including statutory rape and civil rights violations,[1] as well as to the enactment of stricter anti-bullying legislation by the Massachusetts state legislature.[2]Prince had moved from Ireland to South Hadley, Massachusetts.[3] Her suicide, after suffering months of bullying from school classmates, brought international attention to the problem of bullying in US schools. In March 2010, a state anti-bullying task force was set up as a result of her death. The Massachusetts legislation was signed into law on May 3, 2010.[2]The trial for those accused in the case occurred in 2011, with pre-trial hearings beginning on September 15, 2010.[4][5] Sentences of probation and community service were handed down after guilty pleas on May 5, 2011.[6]……………..Phoebe Nora Mary Prince was born in Bedford, England, United Kingdom, on November 24, 1994,[7][8] and moved to the seaside community of Fanore[9] in County Clare, Ireland, when she was two.[10] Prince attended Villiers Secondary School, a private school in County Limerick, where she reportedly suffered problems, including self mutilation[11] and a failed suicide attempt.[12] She immigrated to the U.S. in the fall of 2009 with her mother and four siblings. Her mother lived in Boston for a few years.[13] The choice of South Hadley, Massachusetts was reportedly because of the presence of extended family, including an aunt, identified in news accounts as Eileen Moore.[14][15] Her father, a British national, reportedly chose to remain in nearby Lisdoonvarna, rather than emigrate.[16] Prince was attending South Hadley High School at the time of her death at age 15, on January 14, 2010.…………………Having recently moved to the U.S. from Ireland, Prince was taunted and bullied for several months by at least two groups of students at South Hadley High School, reportedly because of disputes with other girls over her brief relationships with their boyfriends, a senior high school football player and another male student. Her aunt allegedly warned school officials in August 2009, prior to Prince's enrollment at the school, to watch after Prince, as she was "susceptible" to bullying and was both bullied and a participant in bullying others in Ireland.[11][15]On January 14, 2010, after a day of harassment and taunting, followed by a final incident in which a student threw a can at her from a passing car as she walked home from school, Prince committed suicide by hanging herself in the stairwell leading to the second floor of the family apartment. Her body was discovered by her 12-year-old sister. After her death, many crude comments about her were posted on her Facebook memorial page, most of which were removed.[17] Her parents chose to have Prince interred in Ireland.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_Prince
- Physical bullyingSee also: Physical abuseA bully, portrayed in the 1917 silent film Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm.Physical bullying is any unwanted physical contact between the bully and the victim. This is one of the most easily identifiable forms of bullying. Examples include:[2][8] punching pushing shoving kicking inappropriate touching tickling headlocks school pranks teasing fighting Use of available objects as weaponsEmotional bullyingSee also: Psychological abuseEmotional bullying is any form of bullying that causes damage to a victim’s psyche and/or emotional well-being. Examples include:[2][8] spreading malicious rumors about people keeping certain people out of a "group" getting certain people to "gang up" on others (It also could be considered physical bullying) ignoring people on purpose - the silent treatment, also known as 'Sending to Coventry' harassment provocationVerbal bullyingSee also: Verbal abuseVerbal bullying is any slanderous statements or accusations that cause the victim undue emotional distress. Examples include:[8] directing foul language (profanity) at the target commenting negatively on someone's looks, clothes, body etc. - personal abuse tormenting harassment rumors being laughed atCyber-bullyingMain article: Cyber-bullyingCyber-bullying is any bullying done through the use of technology. This form of bullying can easily go undetected because of lack of parental/authoritative supervision. Because bullies can pose as someone else, it is the most anonymous form of bullying. Cyber bullying includes, but is not limited to, abuse using email, blog, instant messaging, text messaging, websites, social networking sites, etc.[8]Sexual bullyingSexual bullying is "any bullying behaviour, whether physical or non-physical, that is based on a person’s sexuality or gender. It is when sexuality or gender is used as a weapon by boys or girls towards other boys or girls — although it is more commonly directed at girls. It can be carried out to a person’s face, behind their back or through the use of technology."[9]As part of its research into sexual bullying in schools, the BBC Panorama programme commissioned a questionnaire aimed at young people aged 11–19 years in schools and youth clubs across five regions of England.[10] The survey revealed that of the 273 young people who responded to the questionnaire, 28 had been forced to do something sexual and 31 had seen it happen to someone else. Of the 273 respondents, 40 had experienced unwanted touching.[11] UK Government figures show that in school year 2007/8, there were 3,450 fixed period exclusions and 120 expulsions from schools in England due to sexual misconduct.[12] This includes incidents such as groping and using sexually insulting language. From April 2008 to March 2009, ChildLinecounselled a total of 156,729 children. Of these, 26,134 children spoke about bullying as a main concern and 300 of these talked specifically about sexual bullying.[9]Some people, including the UK charity Beatbullying, have claimed that children are being bullied into providing ‘sexual favours’ in exchange for protection as gang culture enters inner city schools.[13] Other anti-bullying groups and teachers' unions, including the National Union of Teachers, challenged the charity to provide evidence of this, as they had no evidence that this sort of behaviour was happening in schools.[13]Homophobic bullyingMain article: Homophobic bullyingDoctor Melinda Gentry Executive Director of an Atlanta Based Non-Profit created a task force that addressed the issue of bullying as it relates to sexual orientation. "After working in Atlanta Publics Schools, Atlanta, Georgia, I experienced bullying first hand. Due to my sexual orientation my co-workers rallied to have me demoted so that I was not in charge of them. I was told that I was not wanted or welcomed in the school. I was hired to empower children and as a resort I was demoralized. There was no support in the community. People need to be represented, I am an advocate for Human Rights of LGBT individuals in the community. These individuals pay taxes, raise articulate citizens and they love and respect others; they deserve receprocity. I know from my own experience that bullying takes place in elementary and secondary schools. People in positions of authority do not always respect diversity. The House of Pink Inc is working to create strategies to combat school bullying. It is unacceptable for adults and/ or children to be bullied in schools based on the premises of their sexuality. Schools need a unified system that strategically addresses issues such as bullying and violence. "These issues are often minimized but have a very long lasting effect on the individuals involved. Victims of bullying become victims of domestic violence in the future. Bullying is a precursor for other acts of civil and criminal violations. The studies on the number of children and adults who become suicidal or murdered in hate crime acts are ridiculously high and there needs to be something done now" Doctor Melinda Gentry.[clarification needed]In the United Kingdom, the Equality and Human Rights Commission reported in 2010 that "Homophobic bullying is widespread in British secondary schools. Nearly half of all secondary schoolteachers in England acknowledge that such bullying is common, and just 1 in 6 believe that their school is very active in promoting respect for LGBT students.
- *Desire for Attention Children who do not get attention or emotional support at home may try to get noticed even in negative ways. To do this, they may try to become the center of attention by humiliating someone else. .Sponsored LinksRead more: Causes of School Bullying | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/facts_5005944_causes-school-bullying.html#ixzz1uxMtOzO1
- *Cycle of Abuse Some children are only repeating behaviors they witness at home. They may see one parent bullied by the other or may be the victims of bullying themselves by older siblings.
- * Influence of Media Television shows, video games, websites and popular music all have facets that encourage and even praise violent behavior as a means to assert oneself. Taken out of context, a troubled child may use these examples as ways of being aggressive to gain popularity with peers. Desire for Control There are many children who live in undesirable family situations or who find themselves in abusive situations. In an attempt to exert some kind of control of their life, they will try to manipulate others even if they have to use threats and taunts.
- ** Gang Membership In small towns as well as big cities, children are finding acceptance through gang membership. This is especially true of youth who live in families with either one parent or an extended family member. Gangs often use threats and intimidation to initiate new recruits and continue to use these methods to deal with opposing gangs. These tactics inevitably are transferred to the school environment.
- Effects of bullying on those who are targetedThe effects of bullying can be serious and even fatal. It is still a greatly unresearched area.The link between bullying and school violence has attracted increasing attention since the 1999 Columbine High School massacre. That year, two shotgun-wielding students, both of whom had been identified as gifted and who had been bullied for years, killed 13 people, wounded 24, and then committed suicide. A year later an analysis by officials at the U.S. Secret Service of 37 premeditated school shootings found that bullying, which some of the shooters described "in terms that approached torment," played a major role in more than two-thirds of the attacks.[26] It is estimated that about 60-80% of children are bullied at school.[citation needed] Since bullying is mostly ignored, it may provide an important clue in crowd behaviour and passer-by behaviour. Numerous psychologists have been puzzled by the inactivity of crowds in urban centres when crimes occur in crowded places. Many have suggested bullying as one of the reason of this decline in emotional sensitivity and acceptance of violence as normal. When someone is bullied, it is not only the bully and victim who are becoming less sensitive to violence. In most cases, the friends and classmates of the bully and the victim accept the violence as normal.In a landmark study, 432 gifted students in 11 states of USA were studied for bullying. More than two-thirds of academically talented eighth-graders say they have been bullied at school and nearly one-third harboured violent thoughts as a result.[26]Mona O’Moore of the Anti-Bullying Centre at Trinity College in Dublin, has written, "There is a growing body of research which indicates that individuals, whether child or adult, who are persistently subjected to abusive behavior are at risk of stress related illness which can sometimes lead to suicide."[27] Those who have been the targets of bullying can suffer from long term emotional and behavioral problems. Bullying can cause loneliness, depression, anxiety, lead to low self-esteem and increased susceptibility to illness.[28] In the long term it can lead to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and an inability to form relationships - even leading to celibacy.The National Conference of State Legislatures said: "In 2002, a report released by the U.S. Secret Service concluded that bullying played a significant role in many school shootings and that efforts should be made to eliminate bullying behavior."[29]SuicideMain article: BullycideThere is evidence that bullying increases the risk of suicide.[30] Bullying leads to several suicides every year. It is estimated that between 15 and 25 children commit suicide every year in the UK alone, because they are being bullied.[31]Among the cases of media bullying suicides following: Ryan Halligen, Phoebe Prince, Dawn-Marie Wesley, Kelly Yeomans, Jessica Haffer,[32] HamedNastoh,[33] or April Himes.[34]
- http://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/schools/bully.shtmlIt is the responsibility of the adults in the school to take bullying seriously and to intervene, or the bullying will continue. Although it is helpful, it is not enough to supply the individual victims with strategies as to how to better handle bully situations. In order to truly be effective, a school-wide program needs to be implemented.There are many bully prevention programs available, most of which are based on the work of Dan Olweus of Norway whose program successfully reduced bully/victim problems by 50% or more. Olweus identified a core program, that is quite simple to produce in schools in the United States, and does not require a lot of time or materials, but rather commitment by the adults to change the current, painful reality of bullying. The message to the students is that bullying is not acceptable at the school.1. Understanding and Involvement of Adults: This is accomplished by way of an anonymous survey among students. Findings should be presented to the school at an assembly. Parents should also be made aware of the findings.The Delaware Department of Justice has developed a questionnaire for Delaware schools to downloadand use. As an alternative, Questionnaires can be obtained from various sources, and software can be obtained to process the data. For information contact olweus@psych.urib.no.2. Better supervision during recess, lunch time and other break times: Most bullying occurs during break periods, so adequate adult supervision during those periods and a system for exchanging information about bullying that occurs during those periods is paramount.3. Class rules against bullying and class meetings. Students should be taught what bullying is, what is not acceptable behavior, and the sanctions for such behavior. Follow-up discussions should be held in class.4. Talks with targets, bullies and their parents. Serious talks should take place with targets and bullies. Agreements about cooperation between school and home can be reached.The Delaware Attorney General's Office has developed a worksheet for passive targets to help them think about strategies for dealing with the bully.The Delaware Attorney General's Office has developed a Bullying Package for use with bullies, after a minor bullying incident. If the school decides to use this package, photocopy the complete forms, send them home to be signed by a parent/guardian and then returned to the office. Inform the parent and the student as to the consequences if there is another incident of bullying.5. In addition Olweus encourages teachers to develop creative solutions to help those involved deal with the situation.………………………be a STAR is an anti-bullying alliance co-founded by The Creative Coalition and WWE. Its mission is to ensure a positive and equitable social environment for everyone regardless of age, race, religion or sexual orientation through grassroots efforts beginning with education and awareness. If you're a student, teacher or parent, we have the resources and tools to help you put an end to bullying in your school and community. Start now by taking the be a STAR Pledge. Then learn more by exploring the many helpful and informative features on this site.To ensure a positive and equitable social environment for everyone regardless of age, race, religion or sexual orientation through grassroots efforts beginning with education and awareness. be a STAR, which stands for "Show Tolerance And Respect," will promote positive methods of social interaction and encourage people to treat others as equals and with respect.
- http://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/schools/bully.shtmlhttp://www.ehow.com/facts_5005944_causes-school-bullying.html#ixzz1uxMtOzO1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_Princehttp://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/education/loujain-struggles-at-home-after-vicious-attack-1.1022458http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullying