The document discusses research on gifted girls and boys from elementary school through career choices. It finds that in elementary school, equal numbers of girls and boys are identified as gifted but girls show declining self-confidence and interest in academics compared to boys as they reach adolescence. This is likely due to perceptions that gifted girls should not stand out and prioritize friendship over achievement. The document also examines differences in career paths chosen by gifted women and the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields.