The document discusses building materials used in Mughal architecture. It provides background on the development of Mughal architecture and its key characteristics. Some of the building materials discussed include brick, stone, marble, sandstone, timber and glass/mirrors. Specific architectural elements made from these materials are also described such as domes, minarets and ornamentation. Examples of major Mughal structures using these materials are provided like the Red Fort, Taj Mahal and Lahore Fort.
Lecture 07: Islamic Architecture in India_Tughlaq DynastyKowshik Roy
This is a class lecture on Islamic Architecture in India. Architecture of Tughlaq Dynasty has covered in this lecture.
Course Title: Architectural Heritage-IV
Architecture Discipline,
Khulna University, Khulna
Lecture 07: Islamic Architecture in India_Tughlaq DynastyKowshik Roy
This is a class lecture on Islamic Architecture in India. Architecture of Tughlaq Dynasty has covered in this lecture.
Course Title: Architectural Heritage-IV
Architecture Discipline,
Khulna University, Khulna
Deccan architecture is derived from sultans of Delhi and Persian architecture.
Delhi influence was brought by Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq in 1340 when he shifted his capital to Daulatabad.
Artisans were brought from Delhi.
Rulers arrived from Persian gulf to west of India giving ready access to Bahamani kingdom.
First independent ruler Ala-Ud-Din Hassan Bahaman Shah was an Persian adventurer from court of Tuglaq
Islamic Architecture in India: Imperial styleAr. TANIA BERA
The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the Imperial style. Indo-Islamic architecture may be divided into few phases starting from the twelfth century to sixteenth century. The sultanate of Delhi was undergone the regular change as five dynasties rose & fell; namely Slave dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughluq dynasty, Sayyid & Lodi dynasty.
TOMB OF SIKANDER LODHI | MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODImanoj chauhan
MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODI
The lodhi dynasty (or lodhi) was An afghan dynasty that ruled
The delhi sultanate from 1451 to 1526.
It was the last dynasty of The delhi sultanate and was founded by bahlul khan
Lodi when he replaced Dynasty.
Indo-Islamic architecture is the use of Hindu and Islamic elements in combination.
The trend begun when Hindu artisans were forced to create Islamic structures for the Delhi Sultans who having arrived in India on conquest and plunder lacked artisans and architects.
Under later dynasties, Islamic immigrants trickling into the realm (and in greater numbers during the Mongol invasion of the Middle East) added to the talent pool with newer ideas and authentic Middle Eastern styles.
The mix of styles and use of elements gradually evolved overtime reaching its pinnacle under the Mughals.
The mausoleum of Sikandar Lodi is taken to be the first of the garden mausoleums built in the sub continent.
Inspired in parts by Muhammad Shah’s Mausoleum situated a little distance away, its most visibly distinguishing feature is its octagonal plan and garden inside.
Out of the two types of tombs constructed during the period, the octagonal design appear to be associated with royalty than the more numerous square type.
The tomb was an innovation in mausoleum complexes built during the reign of the Delhi Sultanates.
Enclosed within a raised fortified complex, with two dome shaped Chattris (umbrella shaped domes) at the main entrance, the octagonal mausoleum sits in the middle of a large garden.
The housing space is ringed by a wide veranda with lightly carved pillars placed at measured intervals.
Crowning the head of the mausoleum is a single dome with a lotus finial at the top. The interior is ornamented with tiles beneath which is a single tomb.
The compound outside has an open air mosque built into the western wall with a paved platform for holy men to offer prayers for the soul of the sultan.
Jama masjid is the largest mosque in India.
Originally called Masjid-i-Jahanuma, or "mosque commanding view of the world“.
It was based on the plan and design of Ostad Khalil .
It can be called as the replica of Moti Masjid in Agra.
It is one of the finest mosque in the world.
It is a congregational mosque.
A new style of architecture was flourished in India; called the Indo-Islamic architecture which is an amalgamation of Islamic and Hindu Style. As per Islamic philosophy, the worship is performed as congregational prayer in mosques and construction of tomb was followed for burial purpose; the fort and palaces were also part of this style of architecture. Islamic architecture focuses architectural elements, decoration, spiritual foundations, and construction materials.
RISE OF ISLAM IN INDIA STARTED WHEN QUTUB-UD-DIN AIBUK THE SLAVE OF MUHAMMAD GHORI WHO CAME TO POWER AFTER HIS MASTERS’ DEATH IN 1206.BEFORE THIS HE WAS JUST THE MIILITARY COMMANDER OF HIS BOSS.HIS EMPIRE EXTENDED FROM LAHORE(PAKISTAN) TO THE YAMUNA AND GANGES PLAINS IN NORTH INDIA. HE RULED FOR FOUR YEARS WHEN HE DIED IN AN ACCIDENT IN 1210.
DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURE IN PUNJAB DURIND MEDIEVAL PERIOD.pdfBhanuSharma161525
This is a presentation on Development of art and architecture in PUNJAB during the medieval period it contains different monuments and buildings that were built during the medieval Period in Punjab by various rulers. It can help you in learning different art styles. It can help you in learning the names of differents monuments and the tombs built during medieval period in PUNJAB.
Deccan architecture is derived from sultans of Delhi and Persian architecture.
Delhi influence was brought by Sultan Muhammad Tughlaq in 1340 when he shifted his capital to Daulatabad.
Artisans were brought from Delhi.
Rulers arrived from Persian gulf to west of India giving ready access to Bahamani kingdom.
First independent ruler Ala-Ud-Din Hassan Bahaman Shah was an Persian adventurer from court of Tuglaq
Islamic Architecture in India: Imperial styleAr. TANIA BERA
The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the Imperial style. Indo-Islamic architecture may be divided into few phases starting from the twelfth century to sixteenth century. The sultanate of Delhi was undergone the regular change as five dynasties rose & fell; namely Slave dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughluq dynasty, Sayyid & Lodi dynasty.
TOMB OF SIKANDER LODHI | MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODImanoj chauhan
MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODI
The lodhi dynasty (or lodhi) was An afghan dynasty that ruled
The delhi sultanate from 1451 to 1526.
It was the last dynasty of The delhi sultanate and was founded by bahlul khan
Lodi when he replaced Dynasty.
Indo-Islamic architecture is the use of Hindu and Islamic elements in combination.
The trend begun when Hindu artisans were forced to create Islamic structures for the Delhi Sultans who having arrived in India on conquest and plunder lacked artisans and architects.
Under later dynasties, Islamic immigrants trickling into the realm (and in greater numbers during the Mongol invasion of the Middle East) added to the talent pool with newer ideas and authentic Middle Eastern styles.
The mix of styles and use of elements gradually evolved overtime reaching its pinnacle under the Mughals.
The mausoleum of Sikandar Lodi is taken to be the first of the garden mausoleums built in the sub continent.
Inspired in parts by Muhammad Shah’s Mausoleum situated a little distance away, its most visibly distinguishing feature is its octagonal plan and garden inside.
Out of the two types of tombs constructed during the period, the octagonal design appear to be associated with royalty than the more numerous square type.
The tomb was an innovation in mausoleum complexes built during the reign of the Delhi Sultanates.
Enclosed within a raised fortified complex, with two dome shaped Chattris (umbrella shaped domes) at the main entrance, the octagonal mausoleum sits in the middle of a large garden.
The housing space is ringed by a wide veranda with lightly carved pillars placed at measured intervals.
Crowning the head of the mausoleum is a single dome with a lotus finial at the top. The interior is ornamented with tiles beneath which is a single tomb.
The compound outside has an open air mosque built into the western wall with a paved platform for holy men to offer prayers for the soul of the sultan.
Jama masjid is the largest mosque in India.
Originally called Masjid-i-Jahanuma, or "mosque commanding view of the world“.
It was based on the plan and design of Ostad Khalil .
It can be called as the replica of Moti Masjid in Agra.
It is one of the finest mosque in the world.
It is a congregational mosque.
A new style of architecture was flourished in India; called the Indo-Islamic architecture which is an amalgamation of Islamic and Hindu Style. As per Islamic philosophy, the worship is performed as congregational prayer in mosques and construction of tomb was followed for burial purpose; the fort and palaces were also part of this style of architecture. Islamic architecture focuses architectural elements, decoration, spiritual foundations, and construction materials.
RISE OF ISLAM IN INDIA STARTED WHEN QUTUB-UD-DIN AIBUK THE SLAVE OF MUHAMMAD GHORI WHO CAME TO POWER AFTER HIS MASTERS’ DEATH IN 1206.BEFORE THIS HE WAS JUST THE MIILITARY COMMANDER OF HIS BOSS.HIS EMPIRE EXTENDED FROM LAHORE(PAKISTAN) TO THE YAMUNA AND GANGES PLAINS IN NORTH INDIA. HE RULED FOR FOUR YEARS WHEN HE DIED IN AN ACCIDENT IN 1210.
DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURE IN PUNJAB DURIND MEDIEVAL PERIOD.pdfBhanuSharma161525
This is a presentation on Development of art and architecture in PUNJAB during the medieval period it contains different monuments and buildings that were built during the medieval Period in Punjab by various rulers. It can help you in learning different art styles. It can help you in learning the names of differents monuments and the tombs built during medieval period in PUNJAB.
Qutb Minar (Urdu: قطب مینار), also spelled Qutub or Qutab, is the tallest minar (73 metres) in India originally an ancient Islamic Monument, inscribed with Arabic inscriptions, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Located in Delhi, the Qutb Minar is made of red sandstone and marble. The stairs of the tower has 379 steps, is 72.5 metres (237.8 ft) high, and has a base diameter of 14.3 metres, which narrows to 2.7 metres at the top. Construction was started in 1192 by Qutb-ud-din Aibak and was carried on by his successor, Iltutmish. In 1368, Firoz Shah Tughlak constructed the fifth and the last storey. It is surrounded by several other ancient and medieval structures and ruins, collectively known as the Qutb complex.
The Qutb Minar also spelled as Qutub Minar and Qutab Minar, is a minaret and "victory tower" that forms part of the Qutb complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mehrauli area of New Delhi, India.[3][4] The height of Qutb Minar is 72.5 meters, making it the tallest minaret in the world built of bricks. The tower tapers, and has a 14.3 metres (47 feet) base diameter, reducing to 2.7 metres (9 feet) at the top of the peak.
It contains a spiral staircase of 379 steps.
Its closest comparator is the 62-metre all-brick Minaret of Jam in Afghanistan, of c.1190, a decade or so before the probable start of the Delhi tower. The surfaces of both are elaborately decorated with inscriptions and geometric patterns; in Delhi the shaft is fluted with "superb stalactite bracketing under the balconies" at the top of each stage. In general, minarets were slow to be used in India, and are often detached from the main mosque where they exist.
A comprehensive presentation on Mughal Architecture present in the Indian Subcontinent in the countries of India & Pakistan. It includes almost all of its architectural features and where it derives from. Includes almost all the important landmarks built by the Mughals themselves.
Copyright (C) 2021 - 2022 Ishan Ketan Bhavsar
TO BE USED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY
Unleash Your Inner Demon with the "Let's Summon Demons" T-Shirt. Calling all fans of dark humor and edgy fashion! The "Let's Summon Demons" t-shirt is a unique way to express yourself and turn heads.
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Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
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Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
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Through an exploration of brand psychology and consumer behavior, this study sheds light on the intricate ways in which effective branding strategies, strategic social media engagement, and user-centric website design contribute to altering consumers' perceptions. We delve into the principles that underlie successful brand transformations, examining how visual identity, messaging, and storytelling can captivate and resonate with target audiences.
Methodologically, this research employs a comprehensive approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Real-world case studies illustrate the impact of branding, social media campaigns, and website redesigns on consumer perception, sales figures, and profitability. We assess the various metrics, including brand awareness, customer engagement, conversion rates, and revenue growth, to measure the effectiveness of these strategies.
The results underscore the pivotal role of cohesive branding, social media influence, and website usability in shaping positive brand perceptions, influencing consumer decisions, and ultimately bolstering sales and profitability. This paper provides actionable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage branding, social media, and website design as potent tools to enhance their market position and financial success.
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
2. DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
D.C.R.U.S.T.,MURTHAL
SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS IN MUGHALARCHITECTURE
INDEX
Introduction of mughal architecture
Construction elements of mughal architectute
Exterior decoration
Interior decoration
Different phases in mughal architecture
Early mughal architecture
Later mughal architecture
Mughal architecture during akbar’s period
Mughal architecture during jahangir’s period
Mughal architecture during shah jahan’s period
Mughal architecture during akbar’s period
Mughal architecture during akbar’s period
characteristics of mughal architecture
3. DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
D.C.R.U.S.T.,MURTHAL
SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS IN MUGHALARCHITECTURE
Mughal architecture is the type of Indo-Islamic architecture developed by the Mughals in the
late 15th, 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
All the early Mughal Rulers except Aurangzeb were great bui1ders. With the coming of the
Mughals, Indian architecture was greatly influenced by Persian styles.
The Mughals constructed excellent mosques, forts, gardens and cities.
The Mughal buildings show a uniform pattern both in structure and character.
The main characteristic features of Mughal architecture are the bulbous domes, the slender
minarets with cupolas at the four corners, large halls, massive vaulted gateways and
delicate ornamentation.
13. DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
D.C.R.U.S.T.,MURTHAL
SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS IN MUGHALARCHITECTURE
Red Fort - Diwan-i-Khas, Delhi
Use of glass / mirror in Mughal
architecture
In Mughal period, glass or mirror had used for
interior decoration.
It was used on wall, celling and pillars.
14. DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
D.C.R.U.S.T.,MURTHAL
SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS IN MUGHALARCHITECTURE
Brick as building material in Mughal Architecture
View of the collapsed facade of the Alif Khan Mosque, Dholka, mid-fifteenth century. Constructed of
brick, with a total height of over 115 feet.
35. DEPT. OF ARCHITECTURE
D.C.R.U.S.T.,MURTHAL
SUSTAINABLE AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
BUILDING MATERIALS IN MUGHALARCHITECTURE
References
http://indiapicks.com/annapurna/S_Mughal.htm
http://islamic-arts.org/category/period/mughal-period/
http://www.indianetzone.com/41/features_mughal_architecture.htm
http://indiapicks.com/annapurna/S_Mughal.htm
http://historylists.org/architecture/7-finest-examples-of-mughal-architecture.html