This document summarizes various brushing techniques including the scrub technique, roll method, Bass method, modified Bass technique, Stillman's method, modified Stillman's technique, and Charter's method. It provides details on the techniques such as brush placement and motion. The Bass method and modified Bass technique are recommended for maintaining good gingival health and focusing brushing on plaque in the sulci. The modified Stillman's method and Charter's method are suitable for areas with gingival recession and cleaning healing wounds after periodontal surgery, respectively.

1. BRUSHING TECHNIQUES
Chinkita Chaudhary
BDS(Final Year)

2. CONTENT
• Brushing motions
• Scrub technique
• Roll method (Fones technique)
• Bass method
• Modified Bass technique
• Stillman’s method
• Modified Stillman’s technique
• Charter,s method

3. Brushing Motions
BRUSHING
MOTIONS
HORIZONTAL
Reciprocating (scrub)
ROTARY(FONES)
TECHNIQUE
VERTICAL
SWEEPING
ROLLING
STROKE
MODIFIED
BASS
MODIFIED
STILLMAN’S
LEONARD
SMITH-
BELL(PHYSIOLOGICA
L TECHNIQUE)
VIBRATORY
BASS
METHOD
STILLMAN’S
METHOD
CHARTER’S
METHOD

4. SCRUB (RECIPROCATING) METHOD
• TECHNIQUE
Place the bristle on
tooth surface
Move them back and forth
• Easy to
master
ADVANTAGE
• Poor plaque
removal
• Cause cervical
abrasion
DISADVANTAGE

5. ROLL METHOD/FONES TECHNIQUE
Place the bristles on tooth
surface apically
Swept in occlusal direction
with rolling motion
• Easy to learnADVANTAGE
• Trauma to
gingiva
• Interdental areas
are not properly
clean
DISADVANTAGE

6. BASS METHOD
• Also known as INTRASULULAR METHOD
• Vibratory motion is used
• TECHNIQUE :
Place the bristles at
gingival margin at
45º to the long axis
of the tooth
Apply gentle
pressure and use
short ‘backward
forth motion”
Allow bristles into
tooth sulci and
into interproximal
embrassures
Complete 20
strokes in same
position
Repeat the process
for all the surfaces

7. ADVANTAGES
• Easy
• It is concentrated in
areas where most of
the dental plaque
deposition
occurs(sulci)
DISADVANTAGES
• Gingival margin and
tooth surfaces are
neglected
• Trauma to attached
gingiva and alveolar
mucosa

8. MODIFIED BASS TECHNIQUE
• TECHNIQUE:
Place the bristles at
gingival margin at
45º to the long axis
of the tooth
Apply gentle
pressure and use
short ‘backward
forth motion”
Swipe the bristle
downwards over
the tooth surface
occlusally
Compelete 20
strokes
Repeat the process
for all the surfaces

10. STILLMAN’S METHOD
• TECHNIQUE:
Place the bristle
ends at 45º angle
Bristle partly on
gingiva and partly
on cervical portion
of the teeth
Apply the gentle
pressure
Firm rotary
motion is
applied to the
brush with the
bristle
remaining in
the same
position

11. ADVANTAGES
• It removes
soft deposites
from cervical
areas

12. MODIFIED STILLMAN’S TECHNIQUE
• TECHNIQUE:
Place the bristles
partly on the cervical
portion and partly on
gingiva
Pointing in apical
position , Directed at
an oblique angle
Apply pressure
against the gingival
margin
‘Back and forth’
strokes and
simultaneous
movement in coronal
direction
This process is
repeated for all the
surfaces.

13. ADVANTAGES
• For cleaning
areas with
progressing
gingival
recession and
root exposure.

14. CHARTER’S METHOD
• TECHNIQUE:
Bristles of soft
tooth brush is
placed on tooth
surface at 45º
Pointing towards
crown
Sides of the
bristles are flexed
against the gingiva
‘back and forth’
vibratory motion
is used to massage
the gingiva

15. ADVATAGES
• Used in case of
receded interdental
papilla
• For gentle plaque
removal
• For temporary
cleaning after
periodontal surgery

16. STILLMAN’S METHOD
Removes soft deposits from cervical area
CHARTER’S METHOD
Gentle plaque removal and gingival massage, for temporary
cleaning healing wounds after periodontal surgery
MODIFIED STILLMAN’S METHOD
Cleaning areas with progressing gingival
recession and root exposure
MODIFIED BASS METHOD
To maintain good gingival health
Patient with periodontitis