The document summarizes the anatomy and histology of breast tissue. It describes how the breast is made up of lobules and ducts arranged in fatty connective tissue. The lobules contain acini of glandular epithelial cells and ducts emerge from the acini to drain milk. The ducts come together to form lactiferous ducts that open through the nipple. The nipple and areola contain sweat and oil glands. The breast tissue is made of epithelial cells surrounded by contractile myoepithelial cells and varies with hormone levels over a woman's lifetime from development through pregnancy and lactation.
Anatomy of the breast for medical/dental students. This presentation also contains MCQs to test your knowledge as well as clinical scenario to apply your knowledge.
Anatomy of Breast in clinical perspective-Dr.GosaiDr.B.B. Gosai
Anatomy of breast in clinical perspective including structure, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, spread of carcinoma of breast, development and related anomalies.
Anatomy of the breast for medical/dental students. This presentation also contains MCQs to test your knowledge as well as clinical scenario to apply your knowledge.
Anatomy of Breast in clinical perspective-Dr.GosaiDr.B.B. Gosai
Anatomy of breast in clinical perspective including structure, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, spread of carcinoma of breast, development and related anomalies.
this lecture describes the anatomy of breast and its anatomical quadrants with blood supply , venous drainge, and lymphatics.
also describes axillary tail and breast bed inform of pectorlais major muscle mainly.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
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Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
2. Introduction
Modified sweat glands.
Lobes and lobules of gland in fat tissue stroma.
Ducts emerge from acini of glands
Smaller ducts join to form lactiferous ducts
Lactiferous ducts merge just beneath the nipple to form a
lactiferous sinus.
Then individually open on nipple
8. ► The nipple & areola is covered by stratified squamous
epithelium
► Numerous areolar glands (of Montgomery) become prominent
during pregnancy & function in nipple lubrication
► The squamous epithelium continuous into duct orifice and then
abruptly changes to double layered cuboidal epithelium
► A low flattened layer of contractile cells containing
myofilaments (myoepithelial cells) lie beneath the epithelium
Anatomy and histology
9. ► The majority of the breast stroma consists of dense fibro-
connective tissue admixed with adipose tissue (interlobular
stroma) containing elastic fibers supporting the large ducts
► Lobules are enclosed by a breast specific hormonally responsive
loose, delicate myxomatous stroma ( intralobular stroma)
Anatomy and histology
12. Secretory epithelium
a. Changes with hormonal signals
b. Onset of menstruation
c. Pregnancy (glands begin to enlarge at
2nd month)
d. After birth, 1st secretion is colostrom
(contain antibodies)
e. after cessation of lactation
Anatomy and histology
14. A. Numerous enlarged and dilated with minimal intervening stroma. B. Higher power
view: prominent epithelial cell enlargement, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and protrusion of
cells into the acinar lumen. Some of the cells have a hobnail appearance. Myoepithelial
cells are inconspicuous.
15. Postmenopausal breast tissue. A. This sample consists primarily of fatty stroma
with a few atrophic ductules. B. a few residual, atrophic lobular acini are evident
in a fibrotic stroma, which has replaced the normal, loose intralobular stroma.
16. ► “Tail of Spence” = axillary tail
a. prolongation of upper, outer quadrant in
axillary direction ( along the milk line course)
b. Passes under axillary fascia
c. May be mistaken for axillary lymph nodes
► Fatty Tissue: surrounds surface, fills spaces between
lobes
a. Determines form & size of breast
b. No fatty deposit under nipple &
areola
Anatomy and histology
