Breast cancer screening programs aim to detect cancer early before symptoms appear. While screening guidelines vary, organizations generally recommend mammography every 1-2 years for women ages 50-69. In India, there is no organized screening program and detection usually occurs once symptoms develop. Risk factors for early-onset breast cancer include dense breasts and a family history of breast cancer. Screening women in their 40s can reduce breast cancer mortality, but also risks false positives and overdiagnosis. Genetic testing identifies mutations associated with high breast cancer risk.
Here in these slides we have explain about the Breast cancer Screening with the help of which one can get the x-ray image to identify the breast cancer and it is a mammogram which is used when one have no symptoms.
Check a showcase of our Breast Cancer PowerPoint Presentation. Download Breast Cancer PowerPoint presentation now for great and creative presentation ideas on Breast Cancer Prevention & Control. This is our general marketing powerpoint presentation on breast cancer prevention & control. We invite you to download TheTemplateWizard's Breast Cancer PPT presentation for great ideas on healthcare presentations. We have created Breast Cancer sample powerpoint presentations that demonstrates how to use visuals and illustrations in your PowerPoint presentations.
October is 'Breast Cancer Awareness' month. Cancer is scary but we can fight it. With a little bit of proactive action and awareness, you and I may be able to save lives. Do spread the word and help make the world a better place.
Here in these slides we have explain about the Breast cancer Screening with the help of which one can get the x-ray image to identify the breast cancer and it is a mammogram which is used when one have no symptoms.
Check a showcase of our Breast Cancer PowerPoint Presentation. Download Breast Cancer PowerPoint presentation now for great and creative presentation ideas on Breast Cancer Prevention & Control. This is our general marketing powerpoint presentation on breast cancer prevention & control. We invite you to download TheTemplateWizard's Breast Cancer PPT presentation for great ideas on healthcare presentations. We have created Breast Cancer sample powerpoint presentations that demonstrates how to use visuals and illustrations in your PowerPoint presentations.
October is 'Breast Cancer Awareness' month. Cancer is scary but we can fight it. With a little bit of proactive action and awareness, you and I may be able to save lives. Do spread the word and help make the world a better place.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?Anita Arora
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
Raising Awareness And Understanding of Breast CancerBanupriyaMBBSMD
October month is the Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
Breast cancer is cancer that occurs in the breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a change in breast shape, fluid coming from the nipple, a lump in the breast,a newly-inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin. The most common types of breast cancer are Invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma.
Breast Cancer Awareness Conversation Starters Series by iStudentNurseiStudentNurse.com
The 'Conversation Starters' is a series by iStudentNurse designed to promote discussions about life-saving awareness topics. Composed by a team of RNs, it draws upon the latest evidence-based research to provide a summary of the most crucial breast cancer awareness concepts. While designed as a lecture outline for nursing students, the Breast Cancer Awareness presentation is also of value to patients, survivors, and healthcare professionals. Topics addressed include: pathophysiology, etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, genetic testing/counseling, the 3 Tiers of Early Detection, screening and diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities (surgery, chemo, radiation, and endocrine therapy). The self-breast exam (SBE) is described step-by-step. Additionally, an example nursing care plan for a post-operative mastectomy is provided, which describes nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes. Happy Student Nursing!
Report Back from SGO 2023: What’s New in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research? Join Dr. Evelyn Cantillo, gynecologic oncologist at Weill Cornell Medicine, as she shares the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2023 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Cantillo will also highlight what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
A Topic Where Every Woman Must Know. Early warning signs of breast cancer.knip xin
PLEASE LIKE AND COMMENT FOR ANY CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM. This power point presentation was made to raise awareness about breast cancer. Slides include definition of breast cancer, signs and symptoms, diagnostic exam, stages of breast cancer and treatment.
Breast cancer awareness - Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and PreventionMafia Rashid
Breast cancer
Causes of breast cancer
Sympotms of breast cancer
Diagnosis of breast cancer
Treatment of Breast cancer
Prevention of Breast cancer
<i"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6N2QDjzamzA" >
https://youtu.be/m2M713R9Bh8
Awareness session on breast cancer awareness on 21st oct 2021 at Mehran university, Jamshoro organized by American institute of Chemical engineering society AIChE MUET chapter
Welcoming remarks by Dr Osborne E Nyandiva on Symposium: Cervical cancer and its prevention
Co-Presenter Dr Giama. We are happy to present to you this very crucial discussion on Cancer.
Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in a woman's cervix (the entrance to the womb from the vagina).
Cancer of the cervix often has no symptoms in its early stages. If you do have symptoms, the most common is unusual vaginal bleeding, which can occur after sex, in between periods or after the menopause.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?Anita Arora
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
Raising Awareness And Understanding of Breast CancerBanupriyaMBBSMD
October month is the Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
Breast cancer is cancer that occurs in the breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a change in breast shape, fluid coming from the nipple, a lump in the breast,a newly-inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin. The most common types of breast cancer are Invasive lobular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma.
Breast Cancer Awareness Conversation Starters Series by iStudentNurseiStudentNurse.com
The 'Conversation Starters' is a series by iStudentNurse designed to promote discussions about life-saving awareness topics. Composed by a team of RNs, it draws upon the latest evidence-based research to provide a summary of the most crucial breast cancer awareness concepts. While designed as a lecture outline for nursing students, the Breast Cancer Awareness presentation is also of value to patients, survivors, and healthcare professionals. Topics addressed include: pathophysiology, etiology, epidemiology, risk factors, genetic testing/counseling, the 3 Tiers of Early Detection, screening and diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities (surgery, chemo, radiation, and endocrine therapy). The self-breast exam (SBE) is described step-by-step. Additionally, an example nursing care plan for a post-operative mastectomy is provided, which describes nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes. Happy Student Nursing!
Report Back from SGO 2023: What’s New in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research? Join Dr. Evelyn Cantillo, gynecologic oncologist at Weill Cornell Medicine, as she shares the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2023 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Cantillo will also highlight what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
A Topic Where Every Woman Must Know. Early warning signs of breast cancer.knip xin
PLEASE LIKE AND COMMENT FOR ANY CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM. This power point presentation was made to raise awareness about breast cancer. Slides include definition of breast cancer, signs and symptoms, diagnostic exam, stages of breast cancer and treatment.
Breast cancer awareness - Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and PreventionMafia Rashid
Breast cancer
Causes of breast cancer
Sympotms of breast cancer
Diagnosis of breast cancer
Treatment of Breast cancer
Prevention of Breast cancer
<i"https://www.youtube.com/embed/6N2QDjzamzA" >
https://youtu.be/m2M713R9Bh8
Awareness session on breast cancer awareness on 21st oct 2021 at Mehran university, Jamshoro organized by American institute of Chemical engineering society AIChE MUET chapter
Welcoming remarks by Dr Osborne E Nyandiva on Symposium: Cervical cancer and its prevention
Co-Presenter Dr Giama. We are happy to present to you this very crucial discussion on Cancer.
Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in a woman's cervix (the entrance to the womb from the vagina).
Cancer of the cervix often has no symptoms in its early stages. If you do have symptoms, the most common is unusual vaginal bleeding, which can occur after sex, in between periods or after the menopause.
About this webinar:
Breast radiologist Dr. Paula Gordon will discuss the optimal strategy for achieving early detection of breast cancer. She will also describe the flawed process used in making Canadian breast screening guidelines, impacting millions of women. Patient advocate Jennie Dale from Dense Breasts Canada will look at the inequities in breast cancer screening and surveillance practices in Canada. She will also explore ways to advocate for better screening and surveillance.
About the presenters:
Dr. Paula Gordon is a Clinical Professor in the Department of Radiology at the University of British Columbia, and has been practicing for over 35 years. She is Founding Medical Director of the Sadie Diamond Breast Program at BC Women’s Hospital, and a founding member of the Canadian Society of Breast Imaging. She’s given hundreds of lectures at meetings around the globe. She received a Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Medal, and was invested in the Order of British Columbia. She was named one of Canada’s 100 Most Powerful Women by the Women’s Executive Network.
Jennie Dale is the Co-founder and Executive Director of Dense Breasts Canada (DBC). She was diagnosed with breast cancer in October 2014. Inspired by the successful advocacy and education efforts of similar American organizations, Jennie co-founded DBC with Michelle Di Tomaso in 2016. They teamed up with breast cancer survivors, dedicated individuals, and health care professionals nationwide to raise awareness of the risks of dense breasts and advocate for patient notification of breast density and access to supplemental screening. She is fighting for necessary revisions to the current Canadian Task Force breast cancer screening guidelines, which put women's lives at risk. In 2021, Jennie was named a top 5 finalist in Charity Village's awards in the category of Most Outstanding Impact by a Volunteer.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
2. Breast cancer (BC) screening – checking a woman’s breast
for cancer before there are signs and symptoms of the
disease.
A high level screening program requires high quality
screening, high coverage, high rate of participation and
effective diagnosis and treatment.
There is no such organised or opportunistic screening
program for breast cancer in India.
3. Why breast cancer screening?
• Increasing incidence of BC in younger age group
• Rising number of cases of BC in India
• Late presentation- directly decreasing the long term survival
• Lack of awareness and screening - Breast awareness is the single
most important factor responsible for better survival in the west
• Aggressive cancers in the young
4. What the Guidelines say
• The United States Preventive Task Force (USPTF) no
requirement of routine screening mammography in
women aged 40-49years, biennial screening before the age
of 50years should be an individual one, recommends
biennial screening mammography between ages of 50 and
70years.
• The American Cancer Society recommends women with
average risk should undergo regular screening
mammography at the age of 45yrs. Women of 45-54yrs
should be screened annually , > 55yr should transition to
biennial screening.
• WHO recommends mammography every 1-2years for
women aged 50 -69years
5. Present scenario in India
• The age standardized incidence rate for breast
cancer in India is 22.9/100000, 1/3 that of
western countries. 3 times higher in Urban areas.
• There is no organized, systematic, government
funded screening program. The screening is
usually “opportunistic screening”
• In India breast cancer peaks before the age of
50years. Thus there is a need to screen at 40-
49yrs.
6. Risk factors
A recent systematic review and meta analysis – revealed that extremely
dense breasts and first degree relatives with breast cancer were associated
with 2 fold increase in risk in women aged 40-49yrs. -
-Nelson HD et al, Risk factors for breast cancer for women aged 40 to 49years. A systematic
review and meta-analysis . Ann Intern Med 2012, 156: 635-48
Modifiable risk factors Non modifiable risk factors
Age at first childbirth Age
Breastfeeding practices
Obesity
Physical activity
Menopausal hormone therapy
Alcohol intake
Benign breast disease
BRCA 1 and 2 mutation carrier
Family history
Early menarche/ delayed
menopause
Increased breast density
Chest irradiation
7. Breast cancer detection
• Breast self examination (BSE)
• Clinical breast examination (CBE)
• Mammography
• Breast MRI for some high risk women
BSE being familiar with how the breast look and feel –can
help you notice symptoms such as lumps, pain or changes
in the size.
BSE can be an important way to find a BC early when it
is more likely to be treated successfully.
8. Self –examination and clinical examination
of breast
• BSE(monthly) and CBE(anually) are inexpensive and non invasive
procedures for regular examination of breast. Evidence supporting
the effectiveness of these 2 screening methods is controversial and
inferred
• A 2008 study of 400000 women in Russia an China reported that
BSE does not reduce BC mortality but increased unnecessary biopsy
and removal of suspicious tissue. Based on this the ACS no longer
recommends BSE as a screening tool.
• BSE has found to be more reasonable and feasible approach in
early detection and reduction of breast cancer mortality in India
and other developing countries.
9. BSE- shower, mirror and lying down- size, shape, symmetry,
dimpling, inverted nipple, puckering, asymmetric ridge at the
bottom, palpate lumps, nipple discharge.
10. Mammography
• Mammography is a special type of low dose ionizing
radiation imaging to create a detailed images of the
breast, reveals the lesion before it is palpable in an
asymptomatic woman
• Mammography is currently the best available
population based method to detect breast cancer in
early stage.
• The sensitivity is 67.8% and specificity is 75% when
combined with CBE the sensitivity 77.4% and modest
reduction in specificity 72%
11.
12. What are the harms of mammography
Every screening test has benefits and risks . The benefit is finding cancer early,
when it’s easier to treat.
False positive results – benign microcalcification, tissue summation
shadow
• Unnecessary follow-up tests and biopsies
• Anxiety and psychological distress
Over diagnosis
• Cancer that would never have progressed to clinical importance in
absence of screening
• Harms of treatment without any benefit
• Once cancer is diagnosed, no way to determine whether it is a case of
over diagnosis
False negative rate is 8-10% - dense parenchyma obscuring lesion, poor
positioning or technique incorrect interpretation.
• Pain during the procedure and radiation exposure, the amount of
radiation is small, but repeated X-rays my carry risk
13. Ultrasonography
• A widely available , useful adjunct to mammography
• Generally used to assist clinical examination of suspicious lesions
detected on mammography or physical examination
• As a screening device – poor specificity of 34%
• In Sep 2012, the FDA approved the first USG system, the somo-v
Automated Breast Ultrasound System (ABUS) in screening of
specifically with dense breast tissue. High frequency sound waves
with a 3-D volumetric image of entire breast.
• Currently USG recommended for highly anxious patients who
request for it and for women who have a h/o mammographically
occult carcinoma
14. MRI
• A combination of T1 weighted , T2 weighted and
3D contrast - enhanced MRI found to be highly
sensitive (99% when combined with
mammography and CBE)
• In high risk young women, BRCA1 or BRCA2
mutations
• Limited use as a general screening tool, 10 fold
higher cost and poor specificity (26%). More false
positive.
15. What is the current evidence for screening
women in the 40s?
• USPTF- 8% reduced risk of BC mortality
• ACS- 15% reduced risk of BC mortality
• Initiating screening at the age of 40 averts about 1 BC death
per 1000 women screened
most averted deaths among women aged 45-49
• Harms include false positive results and overdiagnosis. ( the
sensitivity and specificity of mammography are lower
among women aged 40-49yrs verses older women)
16. When should average risk pts stop
screening
• BC incidence increases with age.
• Continue biennial screening until the
remaining life expectancy is about 10 yrs
biennial screening estimated to reduce
breast cancer deaths for women in their 70s
Benefit of screening is low among women
>75y
17. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations
• BRCA1 and BRCA2 are human genes in Chromosome 17 and 13
which produce tumor suppressor proteins
• BRCA gene test the harmful inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
Genetic counseling is important part of the test.
• The test advised only when there is personal or family history of BC
at young age, bilateral BC, or both BC and Ovarian Ca, Male relative
with BC, relative with known BRCA mutations, Ashkenazi Jewish
descents
• If the family member with BC has no gene mutations, no benefit of
gene testing
• Cost Rs 20000 for each gene testing
18. BRCA mutation test results
• Positive for harmful BRCA mutation- high risk for
developing breast and ovarian Ca. 72% of BRCA1 and 69%
of BRCA2 by 80years (Caucasians) still 20% may not develop
. Increase screening surveillance, use of OCPs,
chemoprevention (tomoxifen, roloxifene),undergo
preventive surgery.
• Negative for harmful BRCA known mutations. General
population risk is 12%
• Ambiguous – test is positive for genetic mutation variant of
uncertain significance, has not been associated with Ca.
19. Take home message
• Breast cancer is a non existent entity, till a near and dear one suffers. Lack of
awareness and lack of screening, results in people presenting only when
symptomatic ie, stage 2B and beyond. In the West, 75% present at stage 1 and 2 ,
resulting in good survival
• Aggressive cancers in young are most, but not all are HER2+ve,ER/PR –ve or
HER2/ER/PR –ve have worst prognosis.
• One necessity is “BREAST AWARENESS” we cannot prevent this cancer , all we
have to do is to detect cancer early.
• Studies from India showed high acceptance of health care workers as educators.
• This demands a shift of our screening program from mammography to BSE and
from tertiary care facilities to primary health care facilities like trained non medical
personnel’s (ASHA) and even at the door step of the beneficiaries. Trained
community health workers would be like a nuclear chain reaction leading to
generation of home to home trained personals.
• BSE will not uproot the disease but could be a promising way to reduce the burden
of the disease to a significant extent.