This presentation was part of a graduate level advanced molecular cell biology course. It reviews Breast Cancer epidemiology, signs 7 symptoms, diagnosis, genetic testing, hormonal testing and treatment options (briefly), then discusses the specifics of HER2+ cases at the cellular level. It shows how Herceptin and Tykerb work in the cell to block signal cascades, etc.
Join Dr. Erica Mayer, medical oncologist at Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, to learn about exciting metastatic breast cancer developments from the past year. Dr. Mayer presents an overview on metastatic breast cancer and the subgroups, including Hormone Receptive, HER2+, and Triple Negative, and highlights recent advances for each of these subgroups. She also discusses the importance of clinical trials and what it means to participate in a clinical trial.
For more information on the Breast Cancer Treatment Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, please visit:
http://www.dana-farber.org/Adult-Care/Treatment-and-Support/Treatment-Centers-and-Clinical-Services/Breast-Cancer-Treatment-Center.aspx
Join Dr. Erica Mayer, medical oncologist at Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, to learn about exciting metastatic breast cancer developments from the past year. Dr. Mayer presents an overview on metastatic breast cancer and the subgroups, including Hormone Receptive, HER2+, and Triple Negative, and highlights recent advances for each of these subgroups. She also discusses the importance of clinical trials and what it means to participate in a clinical trial.
For more information on the Breast Cancer Treatment Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, please visit:
http://www.dana-farber.org/Adult-Care/Treatment-and-Support/Treatment-Centers-and-Clinical-Services/Breast-Cancer-Treatment-Center.aspx
In this presentation, I discuss a new standard of treatment in cancers which is immunotherapy. I also discuss the few cancers for which it has been approved.
Audio and slides for this presentation are available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/ozNSEND5PbE
Erica Mayer, MD, MPH, of the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses triple-negative breast cancer and what makes it different from other forms of breast cancer. Mayer also talks about treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer and what you need to know about clinical trials for the disease.
Dr. Patrick Hwu presents the latest information on immunotherapies for melanoma at the MRF's Patient Symposium at MD Anderson Cancer Center on January 31, 2015.
cancer in the young, cancer in AYA, cancer in TYA, yeenage and adolescent cancer, adolescent and young adult cancer
Presentation date : 03-03-2012
CME - Head and Neck Oncology
What are the latest treatment advances for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer? Eric Winer, MD, director of the Breast Cancer Program in the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers, discusses some of the latest research and treatment options.
This presentation was originally given as part of the 2015 Metastatic Breast Cancer Forum, held on October 17 at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Mass.
For more information, visit www.susanfsmith.org
When to Consider Multi-Gene Testing in Early-Stage and Metastatic Breast Cancerbkling
You can’t change your genes, but knowing and acting on your family health history is essential for you and your medical team in developing your treatment plan. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends genetic testing NCCN recommends genetic testing, including the BRCA1/2 genes, for all metastatic breast cancer patients because it could change treatment decisions. Additionally, individuals with early-stage breast cancer may meet testing criteria based on their type of breast cancer or family history.
Our guest speaker Christina (Chrissy) Spears, the Assistant Professor at Ohio State University and helps run the High-Risk Breast Cancer Clinic as a genetic counselor, will discuss not only the common BRCA1/2 tests but the multiple other high-risk gene mutations called expanded panel testing or multi-gene testing to consider. It may also help your family members better understand their risk of breast cancer and other cancers, such as ovarian cancer, prostate cancer or pancreatic cancer.
In this presentation, I discuss a new standard of treatment in cancers which is immunotherapy. I also discuss the few cancers for which it has been approved.
Audio and slides for this presentation are available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/ozNSEND5PbE
Erica Mayer, MD, MPH, of the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses triple-negative breast cancer and what makes it different from other forms of breast cancer. Mayer also talks about treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer and what you need to know about clinical trials for the disease.
Dr. Patrick Hwu presents the latest information on immunotherapies for melanoma at the MRF's Patient Symposium at MD Anderson Cancer Center on January 31, 2015.
cancer in the young, cancer in AYA, cancer in TYA, yeenage and adolescent cancer, adolescent and young adult cancer
Presentation date : 03-03-2012
CME - Head and Neck Oncology
What are the latest treatment advances for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer? Eric Winer, MD, director of the Breast Cancer Program in the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers, discusses some of the latest research and treatment options.
This presentation was originally given as part of the 2015 Metastatic Breast Cancer Forum, held on October 17 at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Mass.
For more information, visit www.susanfsmith.org
When to Consider Multi-Gene Testing in Early-Stage and Metastatic Breast Cancerbkling
You can’t change your genes, but knowing and acting on your family health history is essential for you and your medical team in developing your treatment plan. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends genetic testing NCCN recommends genetic testing, including the BRCA1/2 genes, for all metastatic breast cancer patients because it could change treatment decisions. Additionally, individuals with early-stage breast cancer may meet testing criteria based on their type of breast cancer or family history.
Our guest speaker Christina (Chrissy) Spears, the Assistant Professor at Ohio State University and helps run the High-Risk Breast Cancer Clinic as a genetic counselor, will discuss not only the common BRCA1/2 tests but the multiple other high-risk gene mutations called expanded panel testing or multi-gene testing to consider. It may also help your family members better understand their risk of breast cancer and other cancers, such as ovarian cancer, prostate cancer or pancreatic cancer.
How can immunotherapy be used to treat metastatic breast cancer? Ian Krop, MD, PhD, discusses the latest research and treatment options.
This presentation was originally given as part of the 2015 Metastatic Breast Cancer Forum, held on October 17 and hosted by the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Mass.
For more information, visit www.susanfsmith.org
Audio and slides for this presentation are also available on YouTube: http://youtu.be/ukXhuy5cXrE
Huma Q. Rana, MD, a cancer geneticist with Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, explains the cancer risk associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. This presentation was originally given on July 23, 2013 as part of the "What Every Woman Should Know" event put on by Dana-Farber's Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers.
Learn about the latest research and treatment for ER+ breast cancer. Erica Mayer, MD, MPH, medical oncologist with the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers, discusses new clinical trials and treatment options for this subset of breast cancer patient.
This presentation was originally given on Oct. 17, 2015, at the Metastatic Breast Cancer Forum, hosted by the Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, in Boston, Mass.
Learn more: http://www.susanfsmith.org
HETEROGENEITY OF C ERB B FAMILY MEMBERS EXPRESSION IS RELATED TO CELL MORPHOL...ANCA MARIA CIMPEAN
ABSTRACT
Purpose. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, HER1) and human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2) assessement in pituitary adenomas related to hormone profile. Design and methods. For 60 retrospective cases of pituitary adenomas, we established the histopathologic diagnosis by using morphological stains, followed by case selection for immunoprofile and EGFR and HER 2 assessement. Results. More than one third of the studied pituitary adenomas (33,33%) were positive for HER2, with membranar pattern in basophilic cells and with predominantly cytoplasmic, granular pattern for acidophils cells. HER2 immuno-expression characterized PRL secreting adenomas (p=0.005) and associations between FSH-LH (p< 0.001) TSH-FSH (p=0,024) and TSH-LH (p=0.028). In situ hybridization confirmed HER2 gene amplification in 33,34% out of all positive cases for HER2 by immunohistochemistry. EGFR positivity was found significantly for GH-prolactin (p=0.000) and prolactin-ACTH (p=0.045) co-expressing pituitary adenomas, peritumoral macrophages and folliculostellate cells. Conclusions. Differential HER2 and EGFR expression related to hormone profile heterogeneity can define different subclasses of pituitary adenomas and could explain clinical, prognostic and therapeutic heterogeneity which are observed in clinical practice. Our results support re-classification of pituitary adenomas based on molecular approach which should include markers with well certified prognostic and therapeutic impact.
Key Words: HER2, EGFR,pituitary adenomas, targeted therapy
Supporting Genomics in the Practice of Medicine by Heidi RehmKnome_Inc
View the webinar at http://www.knome.com/webinar-supporting-genomics-practice-medicine. In this presentation, Dr. Heidi Rehm, Chief Laboratory Director of the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine at Partners Healthcare and one of the Principal Investigators on ClinGen, elucidates the challenges of genomics in medicine and outlined the path to integrating large scale sequencing into clinical practice.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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3. Epidemiology Worldwide Incidence rates per 100,000 people Most common cancer in women worldwide http://www.time.com/time/interactive/0,31813,1668275,00.html
4. Epidemiology United States – FemalesIncidence by State 2007 DARKER BLUE = ↑ INCIDENCE 202,964 new cases diagnosed/yr 40,598 women die/yr http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/state.htm
5. Epidemiology Ethnic WHITE BLACK HISPANIC ASIAN/PACIFIC ISLANDER AMER. INDIAN/ALASKA NATIVE http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/race.htm
6. Epidemiology Age Age 50-59 most cases diagnosed http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/statistics/race.htm http://columbiachronicle.com/wp-content/metro-breast-cancer.jpg
7. Men & Breast Cancer Not very common. 1 in 100 cases of breast cancer are in men. Most common between 60-70 years old. Signs, symptoms, treatment essentially the same for both genders.
8. Signs & Symptoms Lump , thickening, swelling that feels different from the surrounding tissue Abnormal dischargefrom the nipple Changes to the skin over the breast, such as dimpling Inverted nipple Peeling, scaling , flaking of the nipple or breast skin Redness or pitting of the skin over the breast http://www.aurorahealthcare.org/yourhealth/healthgate/images/exh38245c_105433_1.jpg 75% of women diagnosed had no symptoms, no family history, and felt no lumps!
12. Genetic Testing- BRCA1 & BRCA2 -Breast Cancer Susceptibility genes -tumor suppressor genes - Blood test DNA analysis - High-risk persons only - If you have a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2: - 35-84% chance of developing breast cancer - 10-50% chance of developing ovarian cancer - 1 in 300-500 women have BRCA mutations (one-quarter of one percent of all women) http://www.cancer.gov/PublishedContent/Images/images/documents/f8fd346c-2b66-46db-b2c3-05bb5fd19712/show.jpg
13. BRCA1 & BRCA2 Pathway Healthy Cells Diseased Cells BRCA1/2 mutations: -Missing protein -Non-functional protein Leads to defective: - DNA repair - Transcription - G2/M cell cycle checkpoint regulation - spindle checkpoint Image adapted from: http://www.nature.com/nrc/journal/v3/n1/images/nrc970-f1.jpg
14. Additional Testing – Hormonal Receptors Estrogen & Progesterone Biomarker tests Estrogen Receptor Positive (ER+) -Immunohistochemistry (IHC) test from biopsied tissue sample -OncotypeDx Test genomic testing, looks at groups of genes (21 genes) & how active they are. -Fluorescence in situ hybridization test (FISH) – often used to help verify IHC, gene mapping technique http://www.femara.com/images/how_femara_works_diaA.jpg
15. Additional Testing – Hormonal Receptors Estrogen & Progesterone Biomarker tests ER+ or PR+ is “a good thing” - indicates that these hormones help tumor cells grow - numerous hormone suppression treatments available -prophylactic procedures (removal of ovaries) -slower growing than ER-/PR- types
16. Additional Testing – HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 http://www.roche.com/med-her2-600px.jpg HER2+ is “not a good thing” -targeted therapies available (Herceptin & Tykerb) -tend to be more aggressive -less responsive to hormone treatments ~25% of breast cancers are HER2+
17. Types of Breast Cancer http://besthealth.bmj.com/x/images/bh/en-gb/mastitis-image_default.jpg
22. Normal vs. Cancerous HER2+ Yes, normal cells have HER2 The difference: 1.) receptor overexpression 2.) dysregulation of receptor activation NORMAL HER2 CANCER HER2+ http://www.herceptin.com/metastatic/what-is/how-does-it-work.jsp
23. Structure of a HER family receptor On the surface of cells extracellular transmembrane tyrosine kinase domains http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
24. The HER’s are a family of structurally-related cell surface proteins HER2 HER4 HER3 Extracellular ligand-binding domain Transmembrane domain Intracellular tyrosine kinase domain http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
25. With the exception of HER2, HER proteins undergo a conformational change upon ligand binding that is essential for dimerization and signaling http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
26. HER2 is always in an open conformation making it an ideal dimerization partner HER2 does not require a ligand to be primed HER2 http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
27. Among all possible dimers, the HER2:HER3 pair has the strongest mitogenic signaling Homodimers Heterodimers HER1:HER3 HER1:HER2 HER1:HER4 HER4:HER4 HER3:HER3 HER2:HER3 HER2:HER2 HER2:HER4 HER1:HER1 HER3:HER4 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Signaling activity Tzahar et al. Mol Cell Biol. 1996;16:5276-5287. Lenferink et al. EMBO J. 1998;17:3385-3397.
29. AKT P P P P P P P RAS Sos Grb2 Shc PI3K PDK1 Raf GSK3ß NFκB mTOR MEK BAD Cyclin D1 MAPK p27 HER2 signaling results in a multitude of cellular effects, including not only increased cellular proliferation, but also cell survival HER2 HER3 Apoptosis Survival Cell cyclecontrol Angiogenesis Proliferation http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
30. AKT P P P P P P P RAS Sos Grb2 Shc PI3K PDK1 Raf GSK3ß NFκB mTOR MEK BAD Cyclin D1 MAPK p27 Drugs used in HER2+ Cancer Treatment Herceptin attaches to HER2, blocking dimerization Pertuzumab(Clinical Trials) HER2 HER3 Tykerb is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor Apoptosis Survival Cell cyclecontrol Angiogenesis Proliferation http://www.biooncology.com/research/her/multimedia/index.html
32. Herceptin (trastuzumab) -Monoclonal antibody -Systemic treatment -Intravenous infusion 1st dose – 90 minutes Weekly or Every 3 weeks – 30 minutes -Often given as part of a chemotherapy course including doxorubicin, paclitaxel or doetaxel -No benefit of taking if not HER2+
33. Herceptin – Cost of Tx. ~$10,000/dose $520,000/ yr for weekly users $173,000/ yr for tri-weekly users -Usually taken for 1 year -Patent Protection until at least 2019 -No generic available
34. Herceptin – Side Effects MOST COMMON SEVERE Fever Nausea Vomiting Infusion Reactions Diarrhea Infections Increased cough Headache Fatigue Shortness of breath Rash Low white & red blood cell counts Muscle pain Reduced Heart Function Congestive Heart Failure Swelling of the Lungs Severe shortness of breath Fetal death Worsening of blood counts
“Tentacles” from tumor pass up into fat layer of the breast causing dimpling of the skin
Mammograms – specialized x-ray device with specialized camera, used for 40 yrs, used to diagnose, evaluate & follow ppl., takes about 20 minutes, takes 2 pictures from 2 directionsUltrasound - – helps distinguish solid or fluid-filled lumps , often used prior to a Mammogram in women less than 30 years old
Mammograms – specialized x-ray device with specialized camera, used for 40 yrs, used to diagnose, evaluate & follow ppl., takes about 20 minutes, takes 2 pictures from 2 directionsUltrasound - – helps distinguish solid or fluid-filled lumps , often used prior to a Mammogram in women less than 30 years old
- Having the mutation doesn’t mean your cancer is more lethal -Men with Braca mutation less likely (5-10% chance) of developing breast cancer
Several FA proteins, including A, C, E, F and G, form a complex in the nucleus of normal human cells. In response to DNA damage, or during the S phase of the cell cycle, this complex mediates the monoubiquitylation (Ub) of FANCD2 at lysine 561 (K561). Activated FANCD2, in turn, is translocated to chromatin and DNA-repair foci. These foci contain the BRCA1 protein and the BRCA2–FANCD1 protein complex. BRCA2/FANCD1 is known to bind directly to RAD51 and to DNA, and to participate in homology-directed DNA repair. Taken together, the model indicates that the FA/BRCA pathway regulates DNA repair.More than 1600 mutations have been identified inBRCA1. While a small number of these mutations have been identified repeatedly in unrelated families, the vast majority have not been reported in more than a few families. hetranscription of BRCA1 is induced late in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and remains elevated during the S phase, indicating some role in DNA synthesis [Gudas et al 1996,Rajan et al 1996]. A variety of evidence now points to the breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein as being directly involved in the DNA repair process.BRCA1 colocalizes with BRCA2 and RAD51 at sites of DNA damage and activates RAD51-mediated homologous recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks
Have to be retested because this can change!
Anthracyclines are chemically similar to an antibiotic. Anthracyclines damage the genetic material of cancer cells, which makes the cells die. Adriamycin, Ellence, and daunorubicin are anthracyclines.Taxanes interfere with the way cancer cells divide. Taxol, Taxotere, and Abraxane are taxanes.